Proses Pembuatan Baterai Mobil Listrik ~ Indonesia Jadi Pemasok Terbesar Nikel Ke Perusahaan Tesla😱

Summary

This video explores the role of Indonesia as a key global nickel producer, supplying Tesla and other manufacturers with essential materials for electric car batteries. It details the production of lithium-ion batteries, from the assembly of electrodes to the creation of high-capacity battery cells used in electric vehicles. The video also covers the intricate nickel mining process, from exploration to refining, highlighting its significance in industries such as battery production and steel manufacturing. The video provides a clear insight into both the technological and environmental aspects of these industries.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is one of the largest nickel-producing countries in the world, and Tesla has sourced processed nickel from Indonesia for electric car batteries.
• 😀 Lithium-ion batteries, which are used in electric cars, laptops, smartphones, and other devices, have a larger capacity and power for electric cars compared to electronics.
• 😀 The energy capacity of electric car batteries, like the BYD i6 (60-82 kWh), Nissan Leaf (24-60 kWh), and Tesla Model X (60-100 kWh), varies based on the car model.
• 😀 Lithium-ion batteries in electric cars consist of positive electrodes (metal oxide), negative electrodes (carbon or graphite), and electrolyte (lithium salt in liquid form).
• 😀 In the battery factory, electrodes are cut into small sheets, dried at high temperatures, and then arranged into battery cells by robots.
• 😀 The next step in battery assembly is to inject electrolyte fluid into the battery cell, enabling ions to move from the positive to the negative electrode.
• 😀 After the chemical process occurs, the cells are fully charged and then stacked into modules. Each module varies in the number of cells it contains.
• 😀 The Nissan Leaf uses 48 battery modules, each with 4 battery cells, while the Tesla Model 3 uses 3 battery modules with a total of 21,170 cells.
• 😀 Nickel mining involves exploration, extraction, refining, and processing stages to prepare nickel for use in various industries.
• 😀 Nickel ore extraction can be done via open-pit mining or underground mining, followed by processes like crushing, grinding, flotation, and refining to separate nickel from impurities.

Q & A

What makes Indonesia a significant player in the global electric car industry?

Indonesia is one of the largest nickel-producing countries in the world, and major companies like Tesla purchase processed nickel from Indonesia for making electric car batteries.

What type of battery is commonly used in electric cars?

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used in electric cars due to their high energy density, which is crucial for storing energy efficiently in electric vehicles.

What is the main difference between lithium-ion batteries in electric cars and those used in consumer electronics?

Lithium-ion batteries in electric cars have a much higher capacity and electrical power compared to those used in consumer electronics like laptops or smartphones. For example, electric car batteries can range from 60 to 100 kWh, while electronic devices typically have batteries measured in watt-hours.

What are the main components of a lithium-ion battery?

A lithium-ion battery consists of a positive electrode (made of metal oxide), a negative electrode (typically made of carbon or graphite), and an electrolyte (lithium salt in liquid form).

How are lithium-ion battery cells manufactured in a factory?

In the factory, large rolls of electrode material are cut into small sheets, dried using high temperatures, and then arranged by robots to form battery cells or cores. The cells are sealed with aluminum foil for safety.

What role does the electrolyte play in a lithium-ion battery?

The electrolyte fluid enables the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes, allowing the battery to charge and discharge efficiently.

What is the process after the electrolyte is injected into a battery cell?

Once the electrolyte is injected, the battery cell is left for some time to allow the chemical process to occur, and then it is charged to its maximum capacity.

How are multiple battery cells combined to form a module in electric cars?

The charged battery cells are stacked and combined into a module using iron plates. The number of battery cells in a module varies depending on the car model.

Can you provide an example of how many battery cells are used in electric car models?

For example, the Nissan Leaf uses 48 battery modules, each containing 4 cells, while the Tesla Model 3 uses only 3 battery modules with a total of 21,170 battery cells.

What is the first stage in the nickel mining process?

The first stage of nickel mining is exploration, where miners conduct geological and geophysical surveys to locate potential nickel deposits.

How is nickel extracted from the earth during mining?

Nickel is extracted either through open-pit mining, where soil and rock covering the ore are dug up, or through underground mining, which involves creating tunnels to access and extract the nickel ore.

What is the flotation process in nickel ore processing?

In the flotation process, the nickel ore is mixed with a reagent to create air bubbles that attach to the nickel particles. These bubbles float to the surface, allowing the nickel to be separated from unwanted minerals.

What happens after the nickel ore is processed and purified?

After the processing stage, the nickel still contains impurities, so it is further refined using techniques like electrolysis or chemical processing to produce high-quality nickel for use in various industries.

What are some of the key uses of nickel once it is refined?

Refined nickel is used in industries like steel production, battery manufacturing, and catalysis, playing a crucial role in various applications like electric vehicle batteries and industrial equipment.