SEJARAH FOTOGRAFI (KELAS ONLINE XI DKV)

Summary

This video explores the fascinating evolution of photography, starting with the ancient discovery of the camera obscura. From early philosophical mentions to Leonardo da Vinci’s detailed observations, the script traces the major milestones in photographic history, such as the invention of the daguerreotype, the birth of Kodak, and the development of digital cameras. It highlights key inventions, like the first color photo and the creation of mobile cameras, culminating in the smartphone revolution. The script demonstrates how photography has transformed from a niche art to a global phenomenon, now instantly capturing and sharing moments with powerful digital tools.

Takeaways

• 😀 Photography began with the discovery of camera obscura, where light passing through a small hole in a dark room creates an upside-down image.
• 😀 Ancient philosophers like Aristotle and Alhazen were among the first to mention camera obscura and pinhole photography.
• 😀 Leonardo da Vinci documented camera obscura in 1490, and artists like Rembrandt and Vermeer likely used it for their works by the 1700s.
• 😀 Johann Heinrich Schulze discovered in 1724 that substances mixed with silver nitrate react to light, laying the groundwork for photographic processes.
• 😀 The world's first photograph was taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1826 using heliography, which required several days of exposure.
• 😀 Louis Daguerre improved the photographic process in 1833, leading to the creation of the daguerreotype, which was later declared free to the world in 1839.
• 😀 The first human photo was taken in 1839, with exposure lasting around seven minutes, and was a photo of a man having his shoes polished.
• 😀 In 1840, Robert Cornelius took the world's first selfie, marking a significant moment in the history of photography.
• 😀 The invention of the calotype in 1840 by Henry Fox Talbot allowed for paper copies to be made using negatives, advancing photographic technology.
• 😀 The advent of mobile photo studios and the rise of quick photography in the 1850s revolutionized the way photos were taken, with exposure times shortening and photographic tools becoming more portable.

Q & A

What is the fundamental discovery that photography is based on?

Photography is based on the discovery that if you create a hole in the wall of a dark room, it forms a camera obscura, where light passing through the hole projects an upside-down image, retaining color and perspective.

Which ancient philosophers mentioned the concept of camera obscura?

The concept of camera obscura was mentioned by ancient philosophers such as Maozi, Aristotle, and Alhazen.

What significant contribution did Leonardo da Vinci make to the understanding of camera obscura?

In 1490, Leonardo da Vinci provided detailed descriptions of camera obscura and used it as a tool for tracing.

What were the main developments in the history of photography in the 1820s?

In the 1820s, Joseph Nicéphore Niépce took the world's first photograph using heliography, a process that required several days of exposure. The image eventually faded, but it marked a milestone in photography.

How did Louis Daguerre contribute to the development of photography?

Louis Daguerre improved upon Niépce’s work and created the daguerreotype, the first practical photographic process, which was made publicly available in 1839.

Why was the first photograph of a human significant?

The first photograph of a human, taken in 1839, is significant because it was the first time a human being was captured in a photo. The exposure lasted about seven minutes, and the subject was standing still while getting his shoes polished.

What role did Henry Fox Talbot play in the development of photography?

Henry Fox Talbot introduced the calotype process in 1840, which used negatives to create multiple paper copies of images.

What was the significance of the Kodak camera in 1888?

The Kodak camera, invented by George Eastman in 1888, was significant because it was the first handheld camera that came pre-loaded with 100 exposures, making photography accessible to the general public.

How did photography evolve in the early 20th century?

In the early 1900s, Kodak introduced the Brownie camera, which made photography even more affordable and popular by introducing the concept of the snapshot. The 35mm Leica camera, introduced in 1925, also played a major role in making mobile photography more feasible.

What was the first digital camera invention, and when did it occur?

The first digital camera was invented by Steve Sasson in 1975 while working for Eastman Kodak. Despite its creation, Kodak initially showed little interest in digital photography.

How did smartphones impact the photography industry?

Smartphones revolutionized photography by integrating powerful cameras, enabling users to capture and instantly share moments. This accessibility and convenience have made photography a global passion, especially since the introduction of mobile phone cameras in 2000.