CÁLCULO DE GOTEJAMENTO | O básico

Summary

This video explains the essential calculations for administering intravenous (IV) drips, focusing on the importance of correct drip rates in medical settings like emergency rooms and intensive care. The presenter discusses the two types of infusion equipment: macro drops for adults and micro drops for pediatrics, highlighting the differences in volume between the two. The video then walks through the step-by-step process of calculating drip rates, using both hours and minutes as time units. With practical examples and formulas, it provides viewers with the knowledge to perform accurate drip rate calculations without a calculator.

Takeaways

• 😀 Drip is an essential method for administering medication in many medical settings, including emergency rooms, surgical centers, and intensive care units.
• 😀 Infusion pumps are not always required for drip administration; it's crucial to understand when to use drip based on the patient's needs and the situation.
• 😀 There are two types of drip equipment: macrodrops and microdrops, each with specific uses depending on the patient type (adults vs. pediatric patients).
• 😀 One macrodrop is equivalent to three microdrops, meaning the volume of microdrops is smaller than that of macrodrops.
• 😀 For adult patients, macrodrops are most commonly used, while microdrops are often preferred for pediatric patients due to more precise volume control.
• 😀 To calculate drip rates, two formulas are commonly used: Volume ÷ (3 × Time) for macrodrops in hours and Volume × 20 ÷ Time for microdrops in minutes.
• 😀 The formula for microdrops per minute when working in hours is Volume × 60 ÷ Time.
• 😀 For example, to administer 500 mL over 6 hours with macrodrops, the formula gives 28 drops per minute after calculating and rounding the result.
• 😀 It's important to understand both the formula and the conversion between macrodrops and microdrops to ensure the correct drip rate is administered.
• 😀 When calculating without a calculator, break down the numbers into easier parts (e.g., multiples of 18) and round the results as necessary for practical use.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of drip infusion in medical settings?

The primary purpose of drip infusion is to administer medication and fluids to patients in various medical settings, including emergency rooms, surgical centers, and intensive care units. It ensures that the medication is delivered at the correct rate and dosage.

What are the two types of drip sets mentioned in the transcript?

The two types of drip sets are macro drops and micro drops. Macro drops are typically used for adult patients, while micro drops are often used for pediatric patients, including newborns and infants.

How is the size difference between macro drops and micro drops explained?

One macro drop corresponds to three micro drops, meaning the volume of one macro drop is three times larger than that of a micro drop.

Why is it more common to use micro drops for pediatric patients?

Micro drops are preferred for pediatric patients, especially newborns and infants, because they allow for more precise control over the volume of fluids being infused, reducing the risk of overloading the patient with excess volume.

What formula is used to calculate drip rates for adult patients when the infusion is given in hours?

The formula used is: Volume ÷ (3 × Time), where 'Volume' is the total amount of fluid to be infused and 'Time' is the duration in hours.

How is the drip rate calculated for minutes instead of hours?

For minutes, the formula changes to (Volume × 20) ÷ Time for macro drops, or (Volume × 60) ÷ Time for micro drops, where 'Volume' is in milliliters and 'Time' is in minutes.

What is the significance of calculating the drip rate accurately?

Accurately calculating the drip rate ensures that the correct amount of medication or fluid is administered to the patient over the prescribed duration, preventing underdosing or overdosing.

What was the example provided for calculating the drip rate for an adult patient?

The example involved infusing 500 ml of fluid over 6 hours. Using the formula for macro drops, the calculation resulted in 28 drops per minute.

How does the speaker suggest solving the drip rate calculation manually without a calculator?

The speaker walks through the calculation manually by breaking down the numbers into easier steps, such as multiplying and adding intermediate results to approach the final solution. For instance, 500 ÷ 18 was approximated step-by-step.

What is the rounding rule when calculating the drip rate if the result is a decimal?

If the result is a decimal, the speaker suggests rounding up if the decimal is greater than 5 and rounding down if it is less than 5. For example, if the calculated drip rate was 27.7, it would be rounded to 28 drops per minute.