Orasi ilmiah - Resolusi Konflik Ambon

Summary

The transcript highlights the resolution of the Ambon conflict through the Malino 2 Peace Agreement, focusing on the pivotal role of government, community leaders, and religious figures in fostering peace. Emphasizing empathy and cooperation over a win/lose mentality, the process involved rebuilding infrastructure and ensuring justice. Post-conflict initiatives, including programs like blue gold and green gold, contributed to economic stability. The lesson learned from Ambon is applicable to other Indonesian conflicts, particularly in Papua, where a peaceful dialogue approach is urged to prevent further violence and promote national unity.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Malino II Peace Agreement played a crucial role in resolving the 1999 Ambon conflict, emphasizing cooperation between various religious and community leaders.
• 😀 Third-party intervention, including arbitration, mediation, and conciliation, was central to the peace process, facilitating communication between conflicting parties.
• 😀 The peace agreement was based on the idea that there were no winners or losers, focusing on mutual understanding and ending shared suffering.
• 😀 The Malino II negotiations promoted empathy, with each representative understanding the need to end the conflict for the common good of the people of Ambon.
• 😀 Post-conflict, the Indonesian government undertook significant reconstruction efforts, including rebuilding houses, public facilities, and establishing educational and healthcare institutions.
• 😀 The peace achieved through Malino II was not just a political agreement but also led to significant improvements in local economies, such as through programs like blue and green gold.
• 😀 The resolution of the Ambon conflict showed that peace can be achieved without foreign intervention, demonstrating Indonesia's capacity for self-resolution.
• 😀 There was a focus on long-term peace maintenance, requiring continued law enforcement and development to fulfill the community's sense of justice.
• 😀 The experience from the Ambon conflict highlights the importance of inclusive conflict resolution processes for complex societal divisions, especially in pluralistic societies.
• 😀 The Indonesian government’s approach to the Ambon conflict can serve as a model for resolving other domestic conflicts, such as the ongoing Papua conflict, through peaceful dialogue and internal leadership.

Q & A

What was the Malino II Peace Agreement, and how did it contribute to resolving the Ambon conflict?

The Malino II Peace Agreement was a critical peace negotiation that aimed to end the Ambon conflict in Indonesia. It involved various parties, including Islamic, Protestant Christian, and Catholic Christian communities, as well as the Indonesian government. The agreement helped to build trust and communication between the conflicting parties, emphasizing the need for empathy and mutual understanding. The government played a significant role as a facilitator, ensuring the peace agreement addressed the suffering of all involved.

What role did religious and community leaders play in the Malino II negotiations?

Religious and community leaders played an essential role in the Malino II negotiations. They helped facilitate dialogue, foster mutual understanding, and encouraged a shared awareness among the conflicting parties that the Ambon conflict must end for the sake of the people's well-being. Their involvement was crucial in building trust and preventing the conflict from escalating further.

What were the primary conflict resolution methods used in the Malino II negotiations?

The conflict resolution methods used in the Malino II negotiations included arbitration, out-of-court problem solving, mediation, and conciliation. These approaches were aimed at providing a communication channel between the conflicting parties, helping them identify disputed issues, and facilitating direct interaction without requiring both parties to meet in person.

How did the Malino II negotiations differ from an adversarial conflict resolution approach?

The Malino II negotiations differed from an adversarial approach in that they focused on finding a solution that benefited all parties rather than viewing the conflict as a win-lose scenario. The negotiators emphasized empathy, mutual respect, and understanding, ensuring that no party felt defeated. This approach aimed for a reflective resolution that prioritized the common good rather than individual victories.

What were the key steps taken after the Malino II agreement to ensure post-conflict development in Ambon?

After the Malino II agreement, several steps were taken to ensure post-conflict development, including rebuilding homes and public facilities, such as mosques, churches, and schools. Economic initiatives were launched, such as the establishment of a medical faculty at Patimura University and the rebuilding of economic centers. These actions aimed to restore normalcy and improve the quality of life for the people of Ambon.

What are the 'Blue Gold' and 'Green Gold' programs, and how did they impact the Maluku community?

The 'Blue Gold' and 'Green Gold' programs were initiatives launched by the TNI and Polri in collaboration with local communities to develop natural resources and agriculture in Maluku. These programs helped improve food security and contributed to the economic development of coastal and agricultural communities. They were highly appreciated by the people of Maluku and played a significant role in the region's post-conflict recovery.

What lessons can be learned from the Ambon conflict resolution process that can be applied to other conflicts in Indonesia?

One key lesson from the Ambon conflict resolution is the importance of collaboration between government, religious leaders, and civil society in achieving peace. It also highlights the value of empathy, open communication, and a shared commitment to the common good. These lessons can be applied to other conflicts in Indonesia, such as the ongoing conflict in Papua, where peaceful dialogue and negotiation, rather than a security-focused approach, could lead to lasting peace.

What challenges remain in Ambon post-conflict that could potentially lead to further unrest?

Post-conflict Ambon faces challenges such as the implementation of a very liberal democracy, which has led to various societal conflicts. Issues like segregation based on religion, environmental damage, agrarian conflicts, and the need for legal certainty regarding indigenous land rights remain unresolved. The government must continue addressing these issues to prevent further instability and ensure lasting peace.

Why is it important for the government to protect indigenous communities and address agrarian conflicts in Ambon?

Protecting indigenous communities and addressing agrarian conflicts is crucial for maintaining social stability and ensuring justice for all groups in Ambon. Indigenous communities have often been marginalized in land disputes involving investors, the government, and security forces. Resolving these conflicts through dialogue and legal protections helps prevent future unrest and supports the sustainability of local traditions and livelihoods.

How can the government further support peacebuilding efforts in Ambon and other conflict-prone regions?

The government can support peacebuilding efforts by continuing to invest in development programs that promote economic stability and social cohesion. Ensuring legal protections for vulnerable communities, resolving agrarian disputes, and fostering inter-religious and inter-ethnic cooperation are key to long-term peace. Additionally, involving local leaders and providing platforms for dialogue can help manage tensions and prevent new conflicts from arising.