DIGITAL SKILLS (CULTURE DIGITALE) S2 / Séquence 1 : Environnement de travail matériel

Summary

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Q & A

What was the primary goal behind the invention of the first computer?

The primary goal was to improve the precision of calculations and save time during the process.

What was the first form of a computer, and when was it created?

The first form of a computer was a wooden abacus (also known as ABAC), created around 3000 BC.

How did the introduction of transistors impact the development of computers?

Transistors replaced cathode ray tubes and revolutionized electronics by making computers smaller, more energy-efficient, and producing less heat.

What was the significance of the IBM System/360 in the 1960s?

The IBM System/360 represented the third generation of computers, showcasing miniaturization and featuring a new level of computer performance and flexibility.

What are the key differences between RAM and ROM in a computer?

RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile and stores data temporarily while the computer is on. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile and stores essential data, like boot instructions, even when the computer is off.

What are the different types of hard drives mentioned, and how do they differ?

There are three types of hard drives: IDE, SATA, and SSD. SSDs are faster but more fragile, while IDE and SATA are slower compared to SSDs.

What is the role of a microprocessor in a computer?

The microprocessor acts as the 'brain' of the computer, executing instructions and managing operations based on the data it receives.

How did the introduction of the microprocessor in the 1970s impact computer development?

The microprocessor revolutionized computers by reducing costs, lowering energy consumption, and significantly increasing processing speed due to the miniaturization of components.

What is the 'Law of Moore,' and how does it relate to microprocessor development?

The Law of Moore states that the number of transistors on a microprocessor doubles approximately every two years, leading to continued advances in processing power and efficiency.

What are the main differences between input, output, and input/output peripherals?

Input peripherals allow users to send data to the computer (e.g., keyboard, mouse), output peripherals display data from the computer (e.g., screen, printer), and input/output peripherals perform both functions (e.g., USB drives, CD/DVD readers).