Types of oil used in industries | Gear oil grades | oil 320 | oil 68 | oil 460 | Industrial gear oil

Summary

In this video, Sohail Sadaat, a mechanical engineering expert, provides an in-depth explanation of various lubricating oils used in industrial applications. He discusses different grades of gear oils, their viscosities, and the specific machinery for which they are suited, including heavy-duty gearboxes, pumps, and hydraulic systems. He emphasizes the importance of using the correct oil to prevent mechanical failures, highlighting applications in industries such as sugar mills, paper mills, and food processing. The video also covers practical examples and offers guidance on choosing the right oil for specific machinery and operational conditions.

Takeaways

• 😀 Lubricating oils like VG 32, VG 46, VG 68, and VG 100 are used in industrial machinery, with their viscosity increasing as the number increases.
• 😀 The viscosity of oils is tested at 40°C, and its application varies based on the type of machinery like pumps, gearboxes, and hydraulic systems.
• 😀 For heavy-duty gearboxes, VG 680 oil is used due to its ability to handle high torque and low-speed operations.
• 😀 VG 320 oil is commonly used for small to medium-sized gearboxes, such as in conveyor belts or mixers, where lower speeds are involved.
• 😀 VG 460 oil is used in heavy-duty gear units, including bevel, helical, and spiral bevel gearboxes, often in industries like paper and sugar mills.
• 😀 VG 220 oil is ideal for high-speed gearboxes in light-duty applications like rotary screens, small mixers, and food or milk plants.
• 😀 Lubricating oils are designed to reduce friction between gear teeth by creating a thin oil film, ensuring smoother movement and less wear.
• 😀 Hydraulic systems, including jacks, presses, and earth-moving machinery, require hydraulic oils (e.g., VG 32, VG 46) for smooth operation and power transmission.
• 😀 Incorrect oil usage, like putting VG 680 oil in hydraulic systems, can lead to increased pressure intensity, leaks, or even system failure due to improper viscosity.
• 😀 Proper oil selection is essential to prevent machinery damage and ensure longevity. For example, using a lower viscosity oil in high-pressure systems can lead to improper film formation and metal wear.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of lubricating oils in industrial machinery?

The main purpose of lubricating oils in industrial machinery is to reduce friction, prevent wear and tear, dissipate heat, and form a protective film between moving parts to enhance their lifespan and efficiency.

How does the viscosity of lubricating oil change with its grade number?

As the grade number increases (e.g., VG 220 to VG 680), the viscosity of the oil increases, making it thicker and more suitable for high-load, low-speed applications. Conversely, a lower grade number means the oil is thinner and suited for higher-speed operations.

What role does lubricating oil play in gearboxes?

Lubricating oil in gearboxes helps to reduce friction between gear components, prevent wear, and manage the heat generated due to the high-speed contact of the gears. It also ensures smoother operation by creating a protective oil film between moving parts.

Why is VG 680 oil used in heavy-duty gearboxes?

VG 680 oil is used in heavy-duty gearboxes because it has a high viscosity, making it suitable for applications where the gearbox operates under heavy loads and low speeds, such as in multi-stage or compound gear systems in industries like sugar mills or stone crushers.

What are the typical applications of VG 320 oil?

VG 320 oil is commonly used in small to medium-sized gearboxes, such as helical or bevel gearboxes, in industries where moderate loads and speeds are encountered, like conveyor belts, mixers, and screw conveyors.

When should VG 460 oil be used in gearboxes?

VG 460 oil is used in heavy-duty gearboxes with spiral bevel, helical, or spur gears that operate at low speeds but require higher torque. It is typically found in applications such as paper mills or industrial conveyors.

What happens if the wrong lubricating oil is used in a system?

Using the wrong oil, such as using VG 680 oil in a hydraulic system or VG 220 in a high-speed gearbox, can lead to improper lubrication, increased friction, overheating, leaks, and ultimately premature failure of machine components.

What is the importance of selecting the correct oil for hydraulic systems?

Selecting the correct oil for hydraulic systems is crucial to ensure proper fluid dynamics, effective power transmission, and to avoid failure of hydraulic components. Oils like VG 32 or VG 46 are commonly used, depending on the temperature and pressure conditions of the system.

How does VG 220 oil contribute to the operation of light-duty machinery?

VG 220 oil is used in light-duty machinery and high-speed applications, like small gearboxes in vibratory screens or food industry machinery. It has a lower viscosity, making it suitable for these environments where less heat and friction are generated.

What should be considered when choosing lubricating oil for industrial pumps?

When choosing lubricating oil for industrial pumps, factors such as the pump type (e.g., centrifugal), operating temperature, and the oil’s viscosity grade should be considered to ensure smooth operation and to prevent wear or damage. Oils like VG 32 or VG 46 are often used in smaller pumps, while higher grades like VG 100 are used for larger systems.