Aula administração: Processo Decisório - Resumo / Revisão para concursos - AULA ADMINISTRAÇÃO 07

Summary

This video explains decision-making processes within organizations, covering three main models: Rational, Intuitive, and Bounded Rationality. It discusses the elements of a decision, including the state of nature, and the conditions of certainty, risk, uncertainty, and turbulence. The speaker emphasizes the difference between programmed and non-programmed decisions, with programmed decisions being planned in advance, while non-programmed decisions are spontaneous and arise from new challenges. The video provides a comprehensive overview of decision-making theories and is aimed at helping viewers understand the process and prepare for exams on the subject.

Takeaways

• 😀 Decision-making is the process of choosing a path or course of action when faced with alternatives or problems in any situation.
• 😀 The decision-making process is crucial in organizations for selecting between opportunities or solving problems.
• 😀 There are three main types of decision-making: rational decision-making, intuitive decision-making, and decision-making with bounded rationality.
• 😀 Rational decision-making assumes the decision-maker has complete information and clear objectives, aiming for optimal choices. However, this is rare in practice.
• 😀 Intuitive decision-making is based on personal experience and gut feeling, often without conscious reasoning, making it useful in complex or turbulent environments.
• 😀 Bounded rationality is the most commonly applied decision-making model today, where decisions are made to satisfy criteria rather than to find the perfect solution.
• 😀 The basic elements of a decision include the decision state, decision-maker, objectives, preferences, strategy, and the outcome of the decision.
• 😀 There are four main decision conditions: certainty, risk, uncertainty, and turbulence.
• 😀 Certainty refers to a situation where the decision-maker knows the exact outcome, typically seen in rational decision-making.
• 😀 Risk involves knowing possible outcomes and their probabilities, while uncertainty arises when there is insufficient information to assign probabilities to outcomes.
• 😀 Turbulence refers to an unstable environment with constant change, where even the decision-maker might be unclear about their goals, often leading to spontaneous decision-making.

Q & A

What is a decision in the context of the decision-making process?

A decision is the act of choosing a path forward, whether it involves selecting between options or making a choice about an action, such as whether to proceed in a certain direction or stay where you are.

How is the decision-making process used in organizations?

In organizations, the decision-making process is used to select between alternatives, whether it involves seizing opportunities or solving problems. It is critical for determining the best course of action in various scenarios.

What are the three main types of decision-making models discussed in the transcript?

The three main types of decision-making models are: rational decision-making, intuitive decision-making, and bounded rationality.

What is the rational decision-making model?

The rational decision-making model assumes that the decision-maker is capable of processing all available information, has clear goals, and knows the consequences of every option. This is often an idealized, theoretical model.

Why is the rational decision-making model difficult to apply in practice?

In practice, it is difficult to apply the rational decision-making model because humans rarely have access to complete information or the capacity to process all available data, and objectives may not always be clear.

How does intuitive decision-making differ from rational decision-making?

Intuitive decision-making is based on a person’s experience and 'gut feeling' rather than a logical analysis of all available information. It is often used in complex or uncertain environments where the decision-maker relies on past experience to guide their choices.

What does the model of bounded rationality assume?

The model of bounded rationality assumes that decision-makers do not aim for the best or optimal decision, but rather for a satisfactory one, often making choices that meet certain criteria without maximizing every possible outcome.

What are the key elements of a decision in the decision-making process?

The key elements of a decision include: the state of nature (conditions of the decision), the decision maker (their goals, preferences, and situation), strategies (paths to satisfy the current situation), and the outcome of the decision.

What is the difference between certainty, risk, and uncertainty in the decision-making process?

Certainty refers to situations where the outcome is fully known, risk involves scenarios with multiple possible outcomes where probabilities can be assigned, and uncertainty occurs when the decision maker does not know the probabilities or even the outcomes of the decision.

What are the conditions of turbulence in the decision-making process?

Turbulence refers to highly unstable environments where major changes occur, and even the decision-maker may be uncertain about their goals or the best course of action.

What are the two types of decisions commonly discussed in relation to organizational decision-making?

The two types of decisions are programmed decisions, which are made in predictable, routine situations and can be planned in advance, and non-programmed decisions, which arise in unpredictable situations requiring more flexibility and creativity.