O que é preposição - Atualização da aula 1 - Morfologia

Summary

In this first lesson of a new course on prepositions, the instructor explains the fundamental role of prepositions in connecting words and establishing relationships between them, such as possession, direction, and companionship. Using examples, the instructor demonstrates how prepositions like 'de,' 'para,' and 'com' change the meaning of sentences depending on context. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding the meaning these small words convey and how they function as connectors in language. The course also touches on how prepositions influence sentence structure, offering insights for grammar learners, including tips for exam preparation.

Takeaways

• 😀 Prepositions are words that connect two words and establish a meaningful relationship between them.
• 😀 Prepositions, when isolated, have no meaning by themselves. They need to be contextualized within a sentence to gain significance.
• 😀 Words like 'de', 'para', and 'com' are examples of prepositions that connect words and indicate relationships such as possession, direction, and company.
• 😀 Removing prepositions from a sentence can lead to a loss of meaning and context.
• 😀 Prepositions help establish relationships like possession (e.g., 'casa de Maria'), destination (e.g., 'voltar para casa'), and company (e.g., 'sair com Maria').
• 😀 Prepositions are classified as invariant words, meaning they do not change based on gender, number, or other grammatical factors.
• 😀 Prepositions are a type of connector, similar to conjunctions, but they connect individual words, not entire clauses or sentences.
• 😀 The relationship created by prepositions between words can indicate subordination, where one word is dependent on another.
• 😀 An example of preposition usage is when the phrase 'em casa' has meaning, but 'está casa' does not without the preposition.
• 😀 Understanding the different relationships of meaning that prepositions establish, such as time, place, cause, and manner, is important for mastering grammar.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the lesson in the transcript?

The main focus of the lesson is to introduce the concept of prepositions in grammar. The teacher explains their role in connecting words and establishing relationships of meaning between them.

What role do prepositions play in a sentence, according to the transcript?

Prepositions serve to connect two words and establish a relationship of meaning between them, such as indicating possession, destination, or companionship.

Why does the teacher use the example with 'casa de Maria' and 'voltei para casa'?

The teacher uses these examples to show how prepositions like 'de' and 'para' give meaning to otherwise meaningless words by providing context, such as possession ('casa de Maria') and direction ('voltei para casa').

What happens when prepositions are removed from a sentence or structure?

When prepositions are removed from a sentence or structure, the meaning is lost, and the sentence becomes unclear or nonsensical.

What is meant by 'subordinating' and 'subordinate' words in the context of prepositions?

In the context of prepositions, a 'subordinating' word is the word that introduces the preposition, while the 'subordinate' word is the one that follows the preposition. The preposition establishes the connection and relationship between them.

Can prepositions vary in their meanings? If so, how?

Yes, prepositions can vary in their meanings. For instance, 'para' can indicate direction, while 'com' can indicate companionship. The meaning is context-dependent, and prepositions can establish various relationships of meaning between words.

What does the teacher emphasize about memorizing prepositions?

The teacher emphasizes that while memorizing prepositions is important, understanding the relationship of meaning that they establish between words is even more crucial.

How does the teacher demonstrate the importance of prepositions using the sentence 'ele saiu sem nada'?

The teacher explains that in the sentence 'ele saiu sem nada,' the word 'sem' (without) is a preposition. The sentence shows how the preposition 'sem' connects words, and the structure of the sentence can change the meaning when the preposition is added.

What are some examples of relationships that prepositions can express?

Prepositions can express various relationships such as possession, direction, companionship, time, cause, means, and place, among others.

What is the role of the preposition 'para' in the sentence 'voltei para casa'?

In the sentence 'voltei para casa,' the preposition 'para' indicates direction, specifying the destination or where the speaker is going.