Bàni Chăm - Etnis Muslim yang tidak mengenal Sholat 5 waktu dan Puasa Vietnam dan Kamboja

Summary

The transcript discusses the Cham Muslim community, tracing their roots to the ancient Champa kingdom in Southeast Asia. It explores their unique blend of Islamic practices and traditional beliefs, highlighting distinct customs such as their approach to Ramadan, prayer, and pilgrimage. The Cham's religious history is intertwined with the spread of Islam, influenced by figures like the Wali Songo and the conversion of the Champa kingdom to Islam in the 14th century. It also touches on their cultural impact, particularly in Southeast Asia, and their ongoing efforts to preserve their heritage and religious practices in the modern world.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Cham people are an ethnic group from Southeast Asia, primarily residing in Cambodia and Vietnam, with some communities in Thailand and southern Vietnam.
• 😀 The Cham people are descendants of the ancient Champa Kingdom, which existed between the 7th and 15th centuries in Vietnam.
• 😀 The Cham language belongs to the Austronesian family, specifically the Malay-Polynesian group.
• 😀 The Cham people believe their ancestry connects to Zaynab, one of Prophet Muhammad's wives, through her father, Jasi bin Riab.
• 😀 Islam arrived in Cambodia during the early centuries of Islam, with significant involvement in the Champa Kingdom before its downfall.
• 😀 Ramadan, for the Cham Muslims, is not observed in the conventional manner but is symbolized by specific rituals such as fasting conducted by the Imam or elder family members.
• 😀 The Cham Muslims observe their version of Ramadan for 15 days, unlike the standard 30-day period, with different religious practices during this time.
• 😀 During Ramadan, Cham Muslims engage in unique traditions, including making offerings of complete meals, sweets, and fruits to mosques and fellow community members.
• 😀 Pre-Ramadan traditions include visiting ancestral tombs to honor the dead, a practice distinctive to the Cham Muslim community.
• 😀 Cham Muslims do not perform the regular five daily prayers but rely on a representative, often an Imam or elder, to perform the duties on their behalf.
• 😀 Cham Muslims also believe in Allah and acknowledge Prophet Muhammad as the last prophet, but their religious practices are influenced by a blend of Islam and Hinduism, as seen in their unique interpretations of Islamic rituals and teachings.

Q & A

What is the origin of the Cham ethnic group?

The Cham ethnic group originates from Southeast Asia, primarily inhabiting areas between Cambodia's Kampung Cham province and regions in Vietnam, such as Ho Chi Minh City and the An Giang province in Central Vietnam. They are descendants of the Champa Kingdom, which existed between the 7th and 15th centuries.

What language do the Cham people speak?

The Cham people speak Cham, a language belonging to the Austronesian language family, specifically a Malay-Polynesian language.

How did Islam arrive in the Cham community?

Islam is believed to have arrived in the Cham community around the 1st century CE. It is linked to the involvement of Muslim communities in the Champa Kingdom's governance, with many Muslims migrating to Cambodia after the kingdom's fall.

What is the significance of Ramadan for the Cham Muslims?

While the Cham Muslims do not traditionally observe Ramadan in the same way as other Muslims, they recognize it as a spiritually important month. They observe fasting rituals, but only the Imam or elders fast on behalf of the community. It is also marked by various local traditions, such as family gatherings and charity.

How do Cham Muslims observe fasting during Ramadan?

Cham Muslims do not universally observe fasting during Ramadan. Instead, the fasting is represented by the Imam or elderly family members, and it is seen as a time of spiritual reflection rather than complete abstinence from food for the entire community.

What is the tradition of giving during Ramadan in the Cham community?

During Ramadan, the Cham community practices the tradition of providing two types of food donations. One type contains a complete meal with rice and side dishes, while the other contains fruits and sweets. These are shared in the mornings and evenings as acts of charity.

What unique tradition do the Cham Muslims follow in terms of grave visits?

The Cham Muslims engage in a unique tradition of visiting graves before Ramadan, a practice that is not commonly found in other Muslim communities. This is part of a ritual where they pray at the graves of ancestors, with some members even lying face down on the graves during the visits.

Do the Cham Muslims pray five times a day like other Muslims?

No, the Cham Muslims do not typically observe the five daily prayers like other Muslims. Instead, they primarily observe the Friday prayer (Salat al-Jumu'ah), with the responsibility of regular prayers being delegated to a representative, known as the 'Acar' or mosque manager.

What do the Cham Muslims believe about the Prophet Muhammad and other religious figures?

The Cham Muslims believe in Allah as the one true God and recognize Prophet Muhammad as the final prophet. They also honor his companions, including Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. The Imam, regarded as the religious leader, holds significant authority and is considered a key figure in resolving community issues.

Why is the Cham community's version of Islam considered different from mainstream Islam?

The Cham community's version of Islam is considered distinct due to the incomplete process of Islamization during the Champa Kingdom. The interruption of Islamic propagation, especially during the political isolation of the Cham people, resulted in a version of Islam that was not fully integrated with broader Islamic teachings. This led to variations in their practices and beliefs.