PENJELASAN: Kenapa Harga Dolar Naik & Rupiah Melemah?

Summary

In this video, Luna from 'Ngomongin Uang' explains the sharp decline of the Indonesian Rupiah against the US Dollar in March 2020. She delves into the factors influencing currency exchange rates, such as demand and supply, investment prospects, trade balances, and the concept of 'safe haven' currencies like the US Dollar. Luna also discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused economic instability and led to foreign investors pulling out funds from Indonesia. The video aims to provide viewers with a better understanding of currency fluctuations and economic forces at play.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Indonesian Rupiah weakened significantly in March 2020, with the exchange rate reaching 16,000 IDR to 1 USD, a 17% decline in just one month.
• 😀 The last time the Rupiah touched 16,000 was during the 1998 economic crisis in Indonesia.
• 😀 Currency exchange rates are influenced by the principles of supply and demand, where high demand for a currency leads to its appreciation.
• 😀 If there are many people exchanging their Rupiah for USD, the USD strengthens, or appreciates, against the Rupiah.
• 😀 Factors influencing currency exchange include investment prospects, export-import trade, and global consensus on 'safe haven' currencies.
• 😀 Investment prospects, such as political and economic stability and interest rates, make a country’s currency more attractive to investors.
• 😀 When a country imports more than it exports, its currency tends to weaken due to the increased demand for foreign currencies.
• 😀 The US Dollar is considered a 'safe haven' currency, especially in times of global economic uncertainty, which makes it a preferred asset during crises.
• 😀 In the 2008 financial crisis, despite originating in the US, the Dollar strengthened globally due to its role as a safe haven currency.
• 😀 The COVID-19 pandemic led to economic disruptions, causing many investors to move their assets into the US Dollar, driving up its value.
• 😀 Foreign investment withdrawals from Indonesia during the pandemic contributed to the increased demand for US Dollars, further strengthening it against the Rupiah.

Q & A

What happened to the exchange rate of the Indonesian rupiah in March 2020?

In March 2020, the Indonesian rupiah weakened significantly, falling from around 13,600 IDR per US dollar in February to 16,000 IDR per US dollar, marking a 17% drop in just one month.

When was the last time the rupiah's exchange rate reached 16,000 IDR per US dollar?

The last time the rupiah's exchange rate reached 16,000 IDR per US dollar was during the 1998 economic crisis in Indonesia.

Why does the value of a currency fluctuate?

The value of a currency fluctuates due to the supply and demand for that currency in the market. When there is high demand for a currency, its value increases, and when demand decreases, its value decreases.

What are the main factors influencing currency exchange rates?

The main factors influencing currency exchange rates are investment prospects, international trade (exports and imports), and consensus on safe-haven currencies during economic instability.

How does the demand for US dollars impact the exchange rate?

When many people or institutions want to exchange their local currency for US dollars, the demand for dollars increases, causing the value of the dollar to rise, or appreciate, against other currencies.

What is meant by 'safe-haven currency'?

A 'safe-haven currency' refers to a currency considered stable and strong during economic turmoil, such as the US dollar, which people often turn to for security during global financial crises.

How does international trade affect currency values?

International trade affects currency values based on whether a country is importing or exporting more. If a country imports more, its currency tends to weaken because it needs to exchange its currency for foreign currencies to pay for imports. Conversely, if it exports more, its currency tends to strengthen.

Why did the US dollar strengthen in March 2020 despite the global economic crisis?

The US dollar strengthened in March 2020 because many investors sought the dollar as a safe-haven currency amid the economic uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

What role does investment play in currency exchange rates?

Investment plays a key role in currency exchange rates. When foreign investors believe a country's economy is stable and offers good returns, they buy the local currency to invest, which increases the demand for that currency and strengthens its value.

What are some indicators that investors use to assess the investment prospects of a country?

Some common indicators include political and economic stability, interest rates (such as bank interest rates), and the overall growth prospects of the country’s economy.