TUDO o que você precisa saber para fazer uma boa TESE na redação do ENEM | Jana Rabelo

Summary

This video by Jana Rabelo guides students on how to formulate a thesis for the ENEM essay. She explains the importance of a clear, well-defined thesis to meet two key evaluation criteria: theme fulfillment and argument coherence. Rabelo outlines four basic thesis structures—problematization, responsabilization, contrast, and anticipation of intervention proposals—each tailored to different types of essay topics. She encourages students to experiment with combining these structures for a more sophisticated thesis, offering practical tips to enhance their essay's coherence and clarity, ultimately aiming to boost their performance in the ENEM writing assessment.

Takeaways

• 😀 The thesis is the central point of view that you defend throughout your ENEM essay. It is crucial for addressing two main competencies in the exam.
• 😀 The thesis plays an important role in Competency 2, which evaluates the proper treatment of the essay topic.
• 😀 The thesis is also essential for Competency 3, which assesses the coherence and support of your argumentation.
• 😀 It is recommended to present the thesis in the first paragraph to structure the argumentation and create a clear project of the text.
• 😀 A thesis serves as a roadmap for your essay, helping to ensure coherence and clear argumentation throughout the text.
• 😀 There are four basic thesis structures you can use: thesis by problematization, thesis by responsibility, thesis by contrast, and thesis by anticipation of the proposal.
• 😀 A thesis by problematization identifies and briefly explains the negative consequences of the topic, which helps to create a problem-oriented introduction.
• 😀 A thesis by responsibility points out the causes and responsible parties for the issues addressed in the essay, ideal for topics focused on origins and causes.
• 😀 A thesis by contrast highlights contradictions, showing the difference between how things should be and how they actually are, useful for topics related to societal issues.
• 😀 A thesis by anticipation of the proposal summarizes the proposed solution in the introduction, showing the examiner that you planned the entire essay before writing.
• 😀 You can combine multiple thesis types to create a more complex and nuanced argument, allowing for greater flexibility in tackling various topics.
• 😀 Practicing different thesis types and their combinations helps you become more confident and adaptable when writing your ENEM essay.

Q & A

What is the importance of a thesis in an ENEM essay?

A thesis is crucial because it represents the point of view that will be defended throughout the essay. It is vital for fulfilling two of the five evaluation criteria of the ENEM essay: Competency 2 (addressing the theme) and Competency 3 (coherence and argumentation).

How does a thesis contribute to Competency 2 in the ENEM essay?

The thesis helps in fulfilling Competency 2 by ensuring that the essay addresses the topic as required by the prompt. It serves as the foundation for a dissertative-argumentative text, where the writer presents both information and opinion.

What is the role of the thesis in Competency 3 of the ENEM essay?

In Competency 3, the thesis plays a significant role in demonstrating the coherence and consistency of the argumentation. A clear, well-founded thesis helps organize the essay and ensures that the argumentation aligns with the thesis statement.

When should the thesis be introduced in the essay?

While there is no strict rule in the ENEM manual, it is generally recommended to introduce the thesis in the first paragraph. This helps guide the argumentation throughout the essay, ensuring a clear structure and a well-planned text.

What is a 'project of text' in the context of ENEM essays?

A 'project of text' refers to the planning and structure of the essay. It shows that the writer has organized their ideas beforehand, which is essential for Competency 3, focusing on organization and coherence. The thesis is a key element of this project.

What is a 'thesis by problematization'?

A thesis by problematization highlights the problems caused by the theme of the essay. It briefly outlines the negative consequences or harmful effects related to the topic, providing a framework for the argumentation to follow.

Can you give an example of a 'thesis by problematization'?

For a topic like teenage pregnancy, a thesis by problematization could be: 'Teenage pregnancy in Brazil results in various harms, including school dropout for mothers and social stigma for both mothers and children.' This sets up the argument to discuss these consequences in the body of the essay.

What is a 'thesis by responsabilization'?

A thesis by responsabilization identifies the causes or responsible parties for the issues presented in the essay topic. It answers the question of who or what is responsible for the problem and sets up the argument to explore these causes.

Can you provide an example of a 'thesis by responsabilization'?

For a topic on the crisis in the Brazilian prison system, a thesis by responsabilization could be: 'The critical situation in Brazilian prisons is mainly due to overcrowding and the deterioration of prison infrastructure.' This thesis outlines the causes that will be explored in the essay.

What is a 'thesis by contrast' or 'thesis by confrontation'?

A thesis by contrast highlights a contradiction or opposition within the essay topic. It typically contrasts how things should be versus how they actually are. This type of thesis is useful for addressing discrepancies between ideal scenarios and real-life situations.

How can a thesis by contrast be applied to a topic like religious intolerance in Brazil?

A thesis by contrast for the topic of religious intolerance in Brazil could be: 'Despite Brazil's cultural and religious diversity, cases of prejudice and violence against minority religions, particularly Afro-Brazilian faiths, have been on the rise.' This thesis contrasts the ideal of diversity with the reality of intolerance.

What is a 'thesis by anticipation of the intervention proposal'?

A thesis by anticipation of the intervention proposal briefly introduces the proposed solutions to the problem discussed in the essay. This approach provides a preview of the intervention that will be elaborated upon in the final paragraph.

Can you provide an example of a 'thesis by anticipation of the intervention proposal'?

For a topic on combating bullying in Brazil, a thesis by anticipation could be: 'Combating bullying in Brazilian schools requires both educational measures, such as awareness programs, and punitive measures, such as penalties for negligent schools.' This thesis sets up the solutions that will be discussed in the essay.

How can multiple thesis structures be combined?

You can combine different thesis structures to create a more complex and sophisticated thesis. For example, a thesis might combine a problematization with an anticipation of the intervention proposal, such as: 'Deforestation in Brazil has serious environmental and social consequences, making it necessary to enforce stricter penalties for environmental crimes and educate the public on environmental protection.'