CUBISMO - MOVIMENTOS ARTÍSTICOS #VIVIEUVI

Summary

This video delves into the revolutionary movement of Cubism, exploring its roots in Cezanne’s approach to multiple perspectives and its evolution through Picasso and Braque. The video highlights Picasso's iconic work *Les Demoiselles d'Avignon* (1907), which marked the birth of Cubism, followed by the analytical and synthetic phases. The influence of African masks, Cezanne's legacy, and the collaboration between Picasso and Braque are discussed in detail. Additionally, the video showcases how Cubism influenced various art movements and continues to shape modern art today.

Takeaways

• 😀 Picasso is a key figure in the development of Cubism, influencing the evolution of modern art.
• 😀 Cézanne, considered a precursor to Cubism, introduced the idea of viewing objects from multiple perspectives.
• 😀 Picasso’s painting 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' (1907) was a pivotal moment in art, breaking traditional views of realism and perspective.
• 😀 Cézanne’s work, particularly his landscapes and still lifes, inspired Picasso and Braque, leading them to explore fragmented views of reality.
• 😀 The term 'Cubism' was coined by art critics after Picasso and Braque’s works were described as looking like 'cubes'.
• 😀 Cubism was initially focused on analyzing subjects in multiple viewpoints, with an emphasis on geometric forms and abstract representation.
• 😀 The 'Analytical Cubism' phase involved breaking down and analyzing simple everyday objects, like guitars or human figures, into fragmented parts.
• 😀 Picasso and Braque used collage techniques in 'Synthetic Cubism', integrating real-world elements like newspaper clippings and fabric into their artwork.
• 😀 Cubism did not seek to replicate real life but rather to engage with and recontextualize it through abstract forms.
• 😀 The impact of Cubism extended far beyond painting, influencing architecture, design, and later artistic movements like Futurism and Constructivism.

Q & A

What role did Cézanne play in the development of Cubism?

Cézanne is considered a precursor to Cubism, influencing Picasso and Braque with his exploration of multiple viewpoints and his ability to break down objects into geometric forms. His approach to depicting multiple perspectives on the same object inspired the Cubist movement.

How did Picasso's early works and influences contribute to the Cubist movement?

Picasso was heavily influenced by Cézanne's works, especially his use of geometric forms and the rejection of traditional perspective. Picasso combined these ideas with his own explorations, incorporating African masks and other influences to develop the innovative style of Cubism.

What is the significance of Picasso's 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' in the context of Cubism?

'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon' marked a radical break from traditional painting. It depicted prostitutes with fragmented, angular bodies and rejected depth, focusing instead on the flatness of the canvas. This piece was pivotal in the development of Cubism and sparked debates among Picasso's peers.

How did the term 'Cubism' come about?

The term 'Cubism' was coined after the 1908 painting 'Houses at L’Estaque' by Braque, which was referred to by critics as being made of cubes. This led to the term 'Cubism' being used to describe the movement's approach to depicting objects through geometric forms.

What distinguishes the 'Analytical Cubism' phase?

Analytical Cubism, the first phase of the movement, involved artists like Picasso and Braque obsessively deconstructing objects and representing them from multiple angles on a single canvas. This phase emphasized abstraction and analysis of form, often making the subject difficult to decipher.

How did the introduction of real-world elements in paintings reflect a shift in Cubism?

Artists like Picasso began incorporating real-world elements into their paintings, such as pieces of newspapers, fabric, or even actual objects. This shift led to 'Synthetic Cubism,' where artists moved away from pure abstraction to include tangible elements, creating a new relationship between art and reality.

What does 'Synthetic Cubism' focus on, and how does it differ from 'Analytical Cubism'?

Synthetic Cubism, the later phase of the movement, involved more simplified and abstracted forms, and often included real objects or materials as part of the artwork. It focused on creating compositions using cut-out forms, textures, and collages, in contrast to the complex, fragmented analysis of 'Analytical Cubism.'

What role did Picasso's personal life play in his art during the Cubist period?

Picasso’s personal experiences, especially his relationships, influenced his work during the Cubist period. For example, his painting 'Ma Jolie' was inspired by his relationship with his lover, and he used this connection to bring a sense of identity to the abstract forms in his art.

How did the Cubist movement influence other art movements?

Cubism had a profound influence on various art movements, such as Futurism, Suprematism, and Constructivism. Its ideas about form, abstraction, and the representation of multiple perspectives were adopted and adapted by artists in Italy, Russia, and beyond, impacting fields like architecture and design.

Why did the Cubist movement decline after World War I?

After World War I, the world underwent significant social and political changes, which affected the art scene. Many Cubist artists, including Picasso and Braque, moved on to different styles as the war’s impact and the changing cultural landscape made the movement less relevant to new artistic directions.