Como é feito o Lápis Faber Castell (de cor e Grafite) - Incríveis Máquinas Processo Industrial

Summary

This video takes viewers through the fascinating process of making pencils, from the extraction of graphite in quarries and mines to the final product. It explains how graphite, mixed with clay, forms the core, and how it is shaped and hardened through a series of steps, including extruding, baking, and coating. The video also covers the stages where the wooden casing is added, the pencils are painted, and logos are stamped. The process concludes with final sharpening, quality checks, and packaging. Viewers are also invited to learn about glass bottle production, along with a call to subscribe and share.

Takeaways

• 😀 Pencils are one of the most popular writing instruments ever invented, with billions produced worldwide every year.
• 😀 Graphite, a form of crystalline carbon, is the core material of pencil leads, first discovered in northern England in 1564.
• 😀 The creation of pencil leads dates back to 1795 when French chemist Nicolas-Jacques Conté mixed graphite with clay to form the first pencil leads.
• 😀 Graphite is extracted through mining methods such as open-pit mines and underground tunnels, with the raw material being processed into fine powder for pencil production.
• 😀 The hardness and darkness of a pencil's lead are determined by the amount of clay and graphite mixed together during production.
• 😀 Pencils are not made with the lead already inside the wood; the process involves creating the lead separately before embedding it in wood.
• 😀 The lead production involves mixing graphite, clay, and water, followed by a drying process and then firing at high temperatures to create durable leads.
• 😀 Colored pencil leads are made by adding pigments and a binding agent to the graphite-clay mix, and then extruding the mixture under pressure.
• 😀 Once the lead is formed, it is encased in a soft yet sturdy wood, usually cedar, which is shaped into blocks that are then split to insert the lead.
• 😀 After shaping, the pencil's surface is smoothed, painted in multiple layers, and finished with a protective coating to ensure durability and aesthetic appeal.
• 😀 Final touches include stamping the pencil with branding, adding erasers to some models, and performing a sharpness inspection before packaging and distribution.

Q & A

What is the primary ingredient used in pencil leads?

The primary ingredient used in pencil leads is graphite, which is a form of crystalline carbon.

When was graphite first discovered and where?

Graphite was first discovered in 1564 in the northern part of England.

Who invented the modern pencil and in what year?

The modern pencil was invented in 1795 by the French chemist Nicolas-Jacques Conté.

How is graphite extracted from the earth?

Graphite is extracted through open-pit quarries and underground mines, using tools like drills and explosives to break it into smaller pieces.

What factors determine the hardness or smoothness of pencil leads?

The amount of clay used in the mixture determines the hardness of the pencil lead, while the graphite amount affects how dark the pencil writes.

What process makes pencil leads hard and durable?

The pencil leads are baked in a furnace at a temperature of 120°C for three hours to remove moisture, and then graphite leads are baked at nearly 1000°C to harden them.

What is the purpose of adding wax to the pencil leads?

The wax is used to smooth the surface of the pencil leads and make them glide more easily on paper.

Which type of wood is typically used for making pencils?

Cedar wood is typically used for making pencils because it is soft enough to be shaped and resistant enough to prevent breakage.

How are the pencil leads fixed inside the wood casing?

The leads are placed in grooves carved into pieces of wood, which are then glued together, forming a sandwich structure that is pressed and dried before being shaped into individual pencils.

What is the final process before pencils are ready for distribution?

After the pencils are painted, they go through stamping machines to add logos and model numbers, followed by sharpening, quality inspection, and packaging.