KONVERSI BILANGAN BINNER

Summary

In this lecture, the instructor discusses binary numbers, emphasizing their importance in how computers process and store information. The session covers key concepts such as binary digits (bits), conversion of decimal numbers and characters into binary, and standards like ASCII and Unicode. The instructor demonstrates methods for converting decimal to binary through division and explains the role of binary in data storage, processing, and transmission. The lesson also introduces how computers use binary to represent characters, numbers, and symbols. Understanding binary is essential for grasping the fundamentals of computer operations and digital systems.

Takeaways

• 😀 Binary numbers, represented as 0 and 1, are the fundamental language that computers use to process and store information.
• 😀 The binary system, also known as base-2, uses only two digits: 0 and 1, which correspond to 'off' and 'on' in computer systems.
• 😀 Understanding how binary works helps in understanding how computers process and store data digitally.
• 😀 Computers use combinations of binary digits (bits) to represent characters, numbers, and symbols.
• 😀 A 'byte' consists of 8 bits, and various units of digital storage like kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB) are based on powers of 1024.
• 😀 Data transfer and time measurement in computing involve extremely small units, like milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, and picoseconds.
• 😀 Modern computers work with tiny components, with sizes reaching the nanosecond range, making their operation invisible to the naked eye.
• 😀 Character encoding standards like ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) and Unicode are crucial for representing text in binary format.
• 😀 ASCII uses a 7 or 8-bit system to represent alphabetic characters, numbers, and symbols in binary format.
• 😀 Binary conversion techniques are essential, such as converting decimal to binary by dividing by 2 and noting the remainders, or converting binary to decimal by multiplying bit positions.
• 😀 Understanding binary and encoding systems is foundational for all aspects of computer science, including data storage, processing, and communication.

Q & A

What is binary number system?

The binary number system is a base-2 system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1. It is the fundamental language used by computers to process and store data.

Why is understanding binary important in computing?

Understanding binary helps us comprehend how computers work and how data is represented digitally. Binary allows computers to use combinations of on (1) and off (0) states to process and store information.

What is a 'bit' in the context of binary?

A 'bit' is short for 'binary digit.' It is the smallest unit of data in computing, and it can have one of two values: 0 or 1.

What is the role of the ASCII system in character encoding?

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard that assigns numerical values to characters, allowing computers to store and transmit text.

How is the conversion from decimal to binary done?

To convert a decimal number to binary, divide the decimal number by 2, noting the remainder. Continue dividing the quotient by 2 until the quotient is 0. The binary number is then formed by reading the remainders from bottom to top.

Can you explain the concept of byte, kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte in terms of binary?

A byte consists of 8 bits. A kilobyte (KB) equals 1024 bytes, a megabyte (MB) equals 1024 KB, and a gigabyte (GB) equals 1024 MB. These units represent digital storage in binary form.

What is the difference between binary and hexadecimal systems?

The binary system uses base-2 (0 and 1), while the hexadecimal system uses base-16, with digits ranging from 0 to 9 and A to F. Hexadecimal is often used as a more compact representation of binary data.

How do we convert a binary number like '1011' to decimal?

To convert a binary number like '1011' to decimal, assign powers of 2 to each bit starting from the right (2^0, 2^1, 2^2, etc.). Then, sum the values of the bits that are '1'. For '1011', the result is 11 in decimal.

What is the purpose of Unicode in character encoding?

Unicode is a character encoding standard designed to handle a wide variety of characters from multiple languages, including symbols and special characters. It is more comprehensive than ASCII and supports languages like Arabic, Chinese, and Japanese.

What are the real-world applications of binary conversion in computing?

Binary conversion is used in data storage, processing, and communication. All digital data, including text, images, and videos, is stored in binary format. Additionally, operations like arithmetic and logical calculations in computers are performed using binary numbers.