Entenda as TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS PARA MAXILA

Summary

In this video, Bruno Souza, a dentistry student, explains maxillary anesthetic techniques used in dental procedures. He breaks down various types of injections—local infiltration, field block, and nerve block—each offering different levels of anesthetic coverage. The video covers techniques like supraperiosteal injection for one or two teeth, posterior superior alveolar block for molars, middle superior alveolar block for premolars, and the anterior superior alveolar (infraorbital) block for incisors and canines. Bruno highlights the importance of understanding each technique's application based on the patient's anatomy, ensuring comfort and success in procedures.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video discusses maxillary anesthetic techniques, focusing on types of injections and methods for administering anesthetics in the maxilla.
• 😀 The script introduces different types of injections: local infiltration, field block, and nerve block, each with different areas of anesthesia.
• 😀 Local infiltration anesthetizes small nerve endings in a localized area, ideal for procedures on a single or maximum two teeth.
• 😀 Field block injections target nerve branches, offering a larger area of anesthesia compared to local infiltration, suitable for procedures affecting more teeth.
• 😀 Nerve block injections affect the main nerve trunk, providing anesthesia to a broader area, including multiple teeth and surrounding tissues.
• 😀 The supraperiosteal injection technique is effective for anesthetizing one or two teeth, such as the incisors, but requires multiple injections for more teeth.
• 😀 The block of the posterior superior alveolar nerve is ideal for anesthetizing the molars, but variations in anatomy may require additional injections for certain teeth, such as the first molar.
• 😀 The middle superior alveolar nerve block is less common and anesthetizes the upper premolars and some molar areas, with variations in the population.
• 😀 The anterior superior alveolar nerve block (also called infraorbital nerve block) is effective for anesthetizing the front teeth and surrounding tissues, but is rarely used due to concerns about eye injury.
• 😀 The infraorbital nerve block can anesthetize the region from the central incisor to the first molar and is effective for anesthetizing additional facial tissues like the lower eyelid, lateral nose, and upper lip.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video focuses on maxillary anesthetic techniques, explaining the different types of injections and the specific techniques for administering anesthesia in the maxilla.

What are the three main types of injection techniques discussed in the video?

The three main types of injection techniques are local infiltration, field block, and nerve block.

What is local infiltration anesthesia?

Local infiltration anesthesia involves administering the anesthetic to the small nerve endings in a specific area, resulting in anesthesia limited to a small, localized region.

How does field block anesthesia differ from local infiltration?

In field block anesthesia, the anesthetic is administered to larger nerve branches, affecting a wider area than local infiltration, which is restricted to the nerve endings.

What is the concept of nerve block anesthesia?

Nerve block anesthesia involves injecting the anesthetic into the nerve trunk, which numbs the entire nerve and its branches, providing a broader area of anesthesia.

What is the supraperiosteal injection technique used for?

The supraperiosteal injection technique is used for anesthesia in localized areas, typically for single or two adjacent teeth, and is effective for soft tissue and pulp anesthesia in the targeted area.

What is a disadvantage of the supraperiosteal injection technique?

A disadvantage of the supraperiosteal injection technique is that it provides anesthesia limited to one or two teeth, requiring multiple injections for more extensive anesthesia, which can cause discomfort and increase the volume of anesthetic.

What is the benefit of the posterior superior alveolar nerve block?

The posterior superior alveolar nerve block provides anesthesia for the molars, including the third, second, and first molars, by targeting the nerve trunk and its branches, offering a broader area of anesthesia.

Why might the middle superior alveolar nerve block require additional injections?

The middle superior alveolar nerve block may require additional injections because it does not always anesthetize the mesiobuccal root of the first molar, necessitating a supplementary supraperiosteal injection in certain cases.

What are the risks and benefits of the infraorbital nerve block?

The infraorbital nerve block provides effective anesthesia for the anterior teeth, premolars, and some of the first molar, but it carries a risk of injuring the eye due to the proximity of the injection site to the infraorbital foramen. However, it is considered safe when performed correctly.