Subjek dan Objek Penelitian (Metode Penelitian Pendidikan - Pert 4)

Summary

In this session, the speaker discusses the concepts of research subjects and objects. They explain how a subject is the entity being studied (e.g., a person or organization), while the object refers to the characteristic or attribute of that entity. The speaker outlines methods for determining research subjects, including population, accessible population, and sampling techniques. The importance of sample size and sampling methods like probability and non-probability sampling is emphasized, with the goal of achieving valid, efficient results. The session also touches on experimental research, where the researcher manipulates variables to observe effects on the subject.

Takeaways

• 😀 The subject of a research study refers to the person, object, or organization being investigated.
• 😀 The object of research is the characteristic or property of the subject that is being analyzed or measured.
• 😀 The subject of research helps determine the population and sample size for the study.
• 😀 A research population refers to the entire group from which a sample will be drawn.
• 😀 A sample is a smaller subset of the population, selected for the study to represent the whole.
• 😀 Homogeneous samples require fewer subjects, while heterogeneous samples need a larger group for accuracy.
• 😀 Sampling is essential to save time, costs, and effort when studying large populations.
• 😀 Probability sampling methods give each subject in the population an equal chance of selection.
• 😀 Non-probability sampling methods do not guarantee equal chances for all subjects to be chosen.
• 😀 The sample size affects the reliability of the study results, and must be determined carefully based on factors like standard deviation and effect size.
• 😀 Experimental research involves subjecting groups to different treatments to observe their effects, such as using different teaching methods in education.

Q & A

What is the difference between 'subjek' and 'objek' in research?

'Subjek' refers to the individuals, objects, or entities being studied, while 'objek' refers to the characteristics or attributes of the subject that are being investigated. For example, in a study on school leadership, the 'subjek' would be the school principal, and the 'objek' would be the leadership style.

Why is it important to identify the subject and object in research?

Identifying the subject and object helps define the scope of the study and ensures that the research focuses on the right elements. The subject provides clarity on who or what is being studied, while the object defines the aspect of the subject being investigated.

What role does the subject play in determining the population and sample for research?

The subject plays a crucial role in determining the population (all potential subjects in the study) and the sample (a subset of the population). The subject's characteristics influence how the sample is selected and how representative it is of the population.

What is the difference between 'population' and 'sample' in research?

The 'population' refers to the entire group of subjects that the research aims to investigate, while the 'sample' is a smaller subset of the population that is selected for actual study. The sample should represent the population as closely as possible.

What are the two main categories of sampling methods?

The two main categories of sampling methods are 'probability sampling' and 'non-probability sampling.' Probability sampling gives each subject an equal chance of being selected, while non-probability sampling does not.

What are some examples of probability sampling methods?

Some examples of probability sampling methods include systematic sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling.

What are non-probability sampling methods and how do they differ from probability sampling?

Non-probability sampling methods include techniques such as convenience sampling, judgmental sampling, and quota sampling. Unlike probability sampling, non-probability sampling does not ensure that every subject has an equal chance of being selected.

Why is sample size important in research?

Sample size is crucial because it impacts the accuracy and reliability of the research findings. A sample that is too small may not adequately represent the population, while a sample that is too large may waste resources without providing additional value.

How does population homogeneity or heterogeneity affect sample size?

If the population is homogeneous (similar), a smaller sample size may be sufficient. However, if the population is heterogeneous (diverse), a larger sample size is needed to capture the variety of characteristics and ensure accurate findings.

What is the purpose of using experimental research and how does it differ from non-experimental research?

In experimental research, subjects are exposed to specific treatments or interventions to study their effects. This differs from non-experimental research, where no treatments or interventions are applied, and the focus is on observing natural behavior or outcomes.