Writing the Results Section for Research Papers

Summary

The results section of a scientific research paper presents the findings derived from the methods used in the study, without interpretation. It follows the methods section and precedes the discussion. This section includes data in various forms such as tables, charts, and figures, providing a logical and clear organization. The results are described in detail, addressing research questions and highlighting key findings. Tables and figures should be designed for clarity, and the text should focus on presenting results concisely and accurately. The section must be carefully edited and revised for clarity and consistency, ensuring the data is accurately represented.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Results section of a scientific research paper presents findings derived from the applied methods and should be free from interpretation.
• 😀 Data in the Results section is presented in tables, charts, graphs, and figures, followed by content analysis to explain the findings.
• 😀 The Results section follows the Methods section and precedes the Discussion, focusing only on the direct findings from the study.
• 😀 It's essential to present only relevant findings that address the research questions, especially if the study is broad or variable.
• 😀 The section should be organized logically, with results grouped according to the research questions or study methodology.
• 😀 Figures, tables, and charts must be numbered and referenced in the order they appear in the text, with clear captions for clarity.
• 😀 Interpretation and evaluation of data should be left for the Discussion section, not the Results section.
• 😀 The Results section should be written in the past tense and active voice, as the research has already been completed.
• 😀 When drafting, ensure clarity by avoiding excessive details and using subheadings to structure the results logically.
• 😀 Reviewing, editing, and seeking feedback from peers or professionals can help ensure the results are presented effectively and accurately.
• 😀 Following journal-specific formatting guidelines and standards for tables and figures is crucial for clarity and consistency.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the results section in a scientific research paper?

The main purpose of the results section is to report the findings of the study, derived from the methods applied to gather and analyze information. It presents the findings in a logical sequence without bias or interpretation from the author.

How should the results section be organized in a scientific paper?

The results section should be organized logically, often alongside the research questions. Each research question should be addressed with relevant data, which can be presented in tables, charts, or figures, followed by content analysis of the findings.

What types of data should be included in the results section?

The results section should include data presented in tables, charts, graphs, and other figures. It may also include contextual analysis of this data, explaining its meaning, and comparing it to previous studies if applicable.

What should be avoided in the results section?

The results section should avoid background information, interpretation of data, and methods of analysis. These elements belong in other sections of the paper, such as the discussion or methodology sections.

How can research questions be integrated into the results section?

Research questions can be presented as headings within the results section, sometimes rephrased as statements, to help organize and guide the presentation of findings related to each question.

What is the role of figures and tables in the results section?

Figures and tables are central to the results section, as they present the data clearly and efficiently. Proper captioning, referencing, and ensuring the figures are self-explanatory is crucial for effective communication of the findings.

How should figures and tables be referenced in the text?

Figures and tables should be referenced in the text in the order in which they are presented. Captions should be concise and informative, relating directly to the research question being addressed.

Why is it important to follow the journal’s guidelines for the results section?

Each journal has specific design and layout standards that impact how results should be presented. Adhering to these guidelines ensures the paper meets the expectations of the target journal, helping to avoid rejection or revision.

What is the significance of clarity and conciseness in the results section?

Clarity and conciseness are crucial in the results section to communicate complex data effectively. Well-constructed sentences and clear visuals ensure that the reader can easily understand the findings without confusion.

How should the results section be drafted?

The results section should be drafted by first organizing the findings and figures, then presenting them in a clear and logical sequence. Begin by restating the research questions or aims and end with a summary of key findings to transition to the discussion section.