Sesi 1. Gerakan Sosial Global dan Hubungan Internasional (Bag.2)

Summary

The video focuses on the study of social movements, highlighting their global relevance, the dynamics of collective mobilization, and their interactions with neoliberal globalization. The speaker outlines four key research questions for studying social movements, including how global changes influence movements, how issues and actors evolve within them, and how collective mobilization is made possible. The lecture also emphasizes the importance of media, especially social media, in shaping contemporary movements. It introduces various theoretical frameworks, such as resource mobilization and anarchist strategies, and stresses the need for a comprehensive, transnational, and media-oriented approach to understanding global social movements.

Takeaways

• 😀 Social movements are significantly influenced by global changes, which impact the emergence and dynamics of these movements.
• 😀 Four key questions in social movement research include understanding global change, issues and actors in social movements, collective mobilization, and strategies used by movements.
• 😀 It is crucial to study social movements with a focus on structural changes, issue emergence, participant development, and mobilization strategies.
• 😀 Despite focusing on one area of social movement research, all four key areas should be interconnected and considered together.
• 😀 Social movements are seen as forms of resistance, often in the context of neoliberal globalization.
• 😀 The global scope of movements should be analyzed in relation to neoliberalism’s impact, such as the democratization practices and identity mobilization in movements like 'Black Lives Matter'.
• 😀 Social movements may have transnational dimensions, whether in their causes, organization, or impact, making global perspectives essential for their study.
• 😀 Social media plays a crucial role in social movements, particularly in recent decades, by amplifying issues, organizing, and mobilizing participants, as seen in events like the Arab Spring.
• 😀 The class emphasizes three main criteria for studying social movements: resistance politics, neoliberal globalization, and transnational dimensions with social media's impact.
• 😀 Key theoretical frameworks like resource mobilization theory and perspectives from anarchism and hegemony politics will be discussed to understand movement strategies and achievements.

Q & A

What are the key questions proposed for analyzing social movements?

The four key questions are: 1) How do global changes influence the emergence of social movements? 2) How do issues and participants in social movements emerge and develop? 3) What factors enable collective mobilization in social movements? 4) What factors affect the dynamics and strategies of social movements?

How does the study of social movements relate to global politics?

The study of social movements in this context is framed within global resistance politics, particularly in relation to neoliberal globalization. It suggests that social movements can be understood as forms of resistance against neoliberal practices and the transformation of political, economic, and social structures.

What are the four main areas of focus for researching social movements?

The four main areas of focus are: 1) How social movements emerge in relation to structural changes. 2) How issues and participants evolve within these movements. 3) The dimensions of mobilization and organization within social movements. 4) The strategies and outcomes of social movements.

What is the importance of the transnational dimension in studying social movements?

The transnational dimension is crucial because it highlights the global nature of many social movements. Movements often extend beyond local or national contexts, influenced by factors such as international capital, solidarity, and globalized issues, making them significant at the transnational level.

Why is the role of new media emphasized in the study of social movements?

New media, especially social media, plays a significant role in modern social movements by facilitating mobilization, raising awareness, and spreading information. It has been pivotal in movements like the Arab Spring and other global protests, though it also faces criticism for fostering 'slacktivism' where people engage online but fail to participate in physical activism.

What are the three criteria for selecting case studies in social movement research?

The three criteria for selecting case studies are: 1) Movements that emerge within the context of resistance politics against neoliberal globalization. 2) Movements with a clear transnational dimension, whether in cause, organization, or implications. 3) The significant role of new media in mobilizing and shaping the movement.

How does neoliberalism impact social movements?

Neoliberalism, as a dominant global political and economic structure, influences social movements by creating contradictions and inequalities that can fuel resistance. These contradictions often lead to the emergence of movements that challenge neoliberal policies and their effects on local and global communities.

What is the focus of discussions about social movements in the third and fourth sessions of the course?

The third session focuses on structural and organizational approaches to social movements, while the fourth session emphasizes cultural and identity-based approaches, exploring how shared identities and solidarity drive the formation and progression of social movements.

What is resource mobilization theory, and how is it relevant to social movement research?

Resource mobilization theory focuses on how movements gather and manage resources, such as money, people, and information, to achieve their goals. It is a central framework in the study of social movements, emphasizing the importance of organizational capacity in successful mobilization.

What strategies are discussed in relation to social movements, and what role does 'anarchy' play?

Two primary strategies discussed are hegemony politics and anarchist approaches. The anarchist approach, which stresses leaderless movements and grassroots organizing, is seen as a significant feature of contemporary social movements, including examples like Occupy Wall Street and the Arab Spring.