Capitalism and Socialism: Crash Course World History #33

Summary

In this Crash Course World History episode, John Green explores the rise of capitalism, focusing on industrial capitalism's impact on production. He discusses the economic and cultural shifts that led to Britain's industrial revolution, including agricultural advancements, the enclosure movement, and the development of capitalist values. Green also touches on socialism's emergence as a response to capitalism's harsh conditions, highlighting the ideas of Marxian socialism and the class struggle. The episode concludes by pondering the ongoing relevance of socialist principles in regulating modern capitalism.

Takeaways

• 😀 Capitalism is an economic and cultural system characterized by innovation and investment to increase wealth.
• 🏛 Mercantile capitalism involved borrowing money to buy goods for resale, with the risk of loss if trade missions failed.
• 🚢 Joint stock companies in the Netherlands and Britain allowed for larger trade missions and spread the risk of international trade.
• 🏭 Industrial capitalism relies on investment in machines and technology to increase production of marketable goods.
• 🇬🇧 Industrial capitalism first developed in Britain in the 19th century due to advantageous conditions like maritime dominance and agricultural productivity.
• 🌾 Agricultural innovations and lower food prices led to more disposable income, encouraging the production and consumption of consumer goods.
• 🔁 The positive feedback loop of increased productivity and consumption contributed to the rise of industrial capitalism.
• 👨‍🌾 The shift from agriculture to industrial work due to increased productivity meant that there were workers available for the emerging factories.
• 🏡 The process of enclosure in Britain led to increased agricultural productivity but also caused poverty and displacement among tenant farmers.
• 📚 Writers and thinkers in Britain helped popularize capitalist values, emphasizing the importance of markets and individual consumer behavior.
• 🤝 The cultural shift towards valuing consumption and individualism was key to the development of industrial capitalism.

Q & A

What is capitalism according to the script?

Capitalism is described as an economic system characterized by innovation and investment to increase wealth, with a focus on production. It is also a cultural system that encourages values of risk-taking and innovation.

What is the difference between mercantile capitalism and industrial capitalism?

Mercantile capitalism involves borrowing money to buy goods for resale at a profit, often with interest. Industrial capitalism, on the other hand, involves investing capital in machines and technology to increase the production of marketable goods.

How did the English Civil War contribute to the growth of capitalism?

The English Civil War led to a half-century of civil unrest, which weakened the British crown's ability to enforce economic regulations like complicated licenses and royal monopolies, thus creating freer markets.

What role did agricultural productivity play in the development of capitalism?

Increased agricultural productivity due to innovations and investments in agricultural technologies allowed for higher crop yields. This led to lower food prices, which in turn increased workers' disposable income and incentivized the production of consumer goods more efficiently.

What is the significance of the enclosure movement in the context of capitalism?

The enclosure movement allowed landlords to privatize fields that were previously held in common, increasing agricultural productivity but also leading to the impoverishment of many tenant farmers who lost their livelihoods.

How did the cultural shift towards valuing consumption impact capitalism?

The cultural shift towards valuing consumption as a positive force spurred economic growth by creating demand for manufactured goods. This change in mindset was crucial for the development of capitalist values.

What is the concept of class struggle as presented by Karl Marx?

Class struggle, according to Marx, is the conflict between the workers and the capitalists, where the former seeks the highest possible wages and the latter seeks the lowest possible labor costs. This struggle is seen as a driving force in the development of class consciousness.

How does Marx's view of capitalism differ from the idea that it is a natural system?

Marx criticizes capitalism for replacing collaborative, egalitarian relationships with conflict, arguing that it is not a natural system but one that goes against human nature, which is inherently social and collaborative.

What are the key principles that socialism aims to introduce as a counter to capitalism?

Socialism aims to introduce principles that check capitalist competition for the sake of collective well-being, such as providing healthcare, pensions, and potentially running certain businesses like mail delivery, airport security, or education.

Why is the development of capitalist values important according to the script?

The development of capitalist values, such as taking risks and appreciating innovation, is important because it encourages individuals to make upfront investments that can lead to increased production and economic growth.

How did the script suggest that industrial capitalism has won out over socialism?

The script suggests that industrial capitalism has won out because it has led to material well-being and access to goods and services for people around the world, which is generally considered a positive outcome.

Outlines

00:00

💼 Introduction to Capitalism

John Green introduces the topic of capitalism, highlighting its dual nature as both an economic and cultural system. He discusses the concept of mercantile capitalism, which involves borrowing money to buy goods for resale, and how it was practiced globally. The video then transitions to the more impactful industrial capitalism, which is defined by the investment in machines and technology to increase the production of marketable goods. Green uses humor and personal anecdotes to engage the audience while setting the stage for a deeper exploration of capitalism's historical and cultural significance.

05:06

🏭 The Rise of Industrial Capitalism

This section delves into the origins of industrial capitalism in 19th-century Britain, emphasizing the country's advantageous position as a maritime power and its colonial trade, including the slave trade. The script discusses how the English Civil War's chaos led to a more laissez-faire economic environment, and how increased agricultural productivity due to innovations like crop rotation contributed to the rise of capitalism. The video explains how lower food prices and higher wages led to increased consumer demand, incentivizing the production of consumer goods. The paragraph also touches on the social implications of these economic changes, such as the enclosure movement and the shift of labor from agriculture to factories.

10:10

🌾 Agricultural Changes and Capitalist Mindset

The script continues by exploring the cultural shift towards capitalism, which required the adoption of capitalist values such as risk-taking and innovation. It highlights how writers like Thomas Mun and John Cary helped popularize the idea of individuals as rational economic actors and consumers. The video also discusses the concept of 'enclosure' and its impact on tenant farmers, leading to poverty and displacement. The paragraph concludes with a reflection on the cultural aspects of capitalism, including the development of a consumer-driven economy and the philosophical underpinnings that supported the rise of industrial capitalism.

👷‍♂️ Critique and Alternatives to Capitalism

In this part, Green addresses the criticisms of industrial capitalism, particularly the poor working conditions and the exploitation of workers, including child labor. He discusses the responses to these issues, such as the formation of labor unions and the theoretical development of socialism. The video contrasts socialism with capitalism, noting that while capitalism is seen as a natural outgrowth of human behavior, socialism is a more deliberate, planned system. Green then introduces the different branches of French socialism, including Utopian and revolutionary socialism, and their influence on the development of socialist thought. The paragraph ends with a brief mention of Karl Marx and the beginning of a discussion on his ideas.

📜 Karl Marx and Class Struggle

The final paragraph focuses on Karl Marx's contributions to the understanding of capitalism and socialism. Green discusses Marx's concept of class struggle, arguing that it is the conflict between classes that defines them and gives them consciousness. Marx's view of production as a collaborative, social activity is contrasted with the competitive nature of capitalism. The video also touches on the idea of worker empowerment as a key aspect of Marx's philosophy. Green concludes by reflecting on the ongoing relevance of Marx's ideas in contemporary debates about the role of socialism in regulating markets and providing public services.

Keywords

💡Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, investments that increase production and wealth, and prices determined by markets. In the video, John Green discusses how capitalism evolved from mercantile capitalism to industrial capitalism, emphasizing the shift towards investment in machines and technology to increase production of marketable goods. The video explores the cultural aspects of capitalism, including the values of risk-taking and innovation, which are central to its narrative.

💡Mercantile Capitalism

Mercantile capitalism refers to a system where merchants engage in trade, often borrowing money to buy goods for resale at a profit, and then repaying the loans with interest. The script mentions that this form of capitalism was global, involving various historical trade networks. It's contrasted with industrial capitalism, highlighting its limited impact on the broader population and lack of a cultural shift towards widespread capitalist practices.

💡Industrial Capitalism

Industrial capitalism is defined by Joyce Appleby in the video as 'An economic system that relies on investment of capital in machines and technology that are used to increase production of marketable goods.' The video uses the example of a 'Stan machine' to illustrate how industrial capitalism can lead to increased production efficiency. This concept is central to the video's exploration of how capitalism transformed production and society in the 19th century.

💡Joint Stock Companies

Joint stock companies are businesses where shares of stock are owned by multiple investors, allowing for the financing of larger trade missions and spreading the risk of international trade. The video explains that these companies were an innovation of 17th-century merchants in the Netherlands and Britain, which helped to finance bigger trade missions and manage risk more effectively.

💡Enclosure

Enclosure refers to the process by which landlords reclaimed and privatized fields that had been held in common by multiple tenants. While this increased agricultural productivity, it also led to the impoverishment of many tenant farmers who lost their livelihoods. The video discusses enclosure as a controversial aspect of the agricultural changes that accompanied the rise of capitalism.

💡Class Struggle

Class struggle, a central concept in Marx's work, refers to the ongoing conflict between social classes, particularly the working class and the capitalist class. The video explains that Marx believed this struggle was not only a driver of historical change but also a defining feature of class identity. It's depicted as a key dynamic in the development of capitalism and a catalyst for socialist thought.

💡Socialism

Socialism is presented in the video as an economic and political system where the means of production are owned and controlled collectively, often by the state. It's contrasted with capitalism, with the video discussing various forms of socialism, including utopian and revolutionary branches, and their historical development in response to the perceived injustices of capitalism.

💡Agricultural Productivity

Agricultural productivity refers to the efficiency of agricultural practices in producing food. The video discusses how increased agricultural productivity in 16th-century Britain, partly due to Dutch innovations, led to lower food prices and increased disposable income for workers, which in turn spurred consumer demand and economic growth.

💡Labor Unions

Labor unions are organizations that represent the collective interests of workers and negotiate employment contracts with employers. The video mentions labor unions as a response by workers to the poor working conditions and exploitation under industrial capitalism, highlighting their role in advocating for better wages and working conditions.

💡Karl Marx

Karl Marx is a philosopher and historian known for his critique of capitalism and his advocacy for socialism. His work, particularly 'Das Kapital,' is discussed in the video as an attempt to explain the historical and philosophical underpinnings of capitalism and class struggle. Marx's ideas, including the concept of class struggle and the potential for worker empowerment, are central to the video's exploration of the conflict between capitalism and socialism.

💡Consumer Culture

Consumer culture is a social and economic order in which the purchasing of consumer goods is the primary focus of economic activity and personal life. The video discusses how the development of capitalism led to a shift in values, where being a consumer became as important as being a producer, and how this cultural change contributed to economic growth by driving demand for manufactured goods.

Highlights

Capitalism is an economic and cultural system characterized by innovation and investment to increase wealth.

Industrial capitalism relies on investment in machines and technology to increase production of marketable goods.

Mercantile capitalism involved borrowing money to buy goods for resale at a profit, with repayment often including interest.

Joint stock companies in the Netherlands and Britain financed larger trade missions and spread the risk of international trade.

Industrial capitalism developed first in Britain in the 19th century due to its advantageous position in global trade and naval power.

The English Civil War and subsequent unrest led to less regulation and more free markets, aiding the growth of capitalism.

Agricultural productivity increased in the 16th century, leading to higher food prices and investment in agricultural technologies.

Lower food prices due to increased productivity led to more disposable income for workers, incentivizing consumer goods production.

The process of enclosure in Britain increased agricultural productivity but also led to the impoverishment of many tenant farmers.

The shift from agriculture to industrial work due to increased productivity meant more workers were available for factories.

Writers like Thomas Mun and John Cary popularized capitalist values and the idea of individuals as consumers.

Socialism emerged as a response to the downsides of industrial capitalism, with Utopian and revolutionary branches in France.

Karl Marx's philosophy, particularly his concept of class struggle, argued that capitalism is inconsistent with human nature.

Marx believed that production and social collaboration are natural to humans, and capitalism replaces this with conflict.

The debate between industrial capitalism and socialism continues in modern policy discussions regarding regulation and social welfare.

Crash Course World History is produced by a team including Stan Muller, Danica Johnson, Raoul Meyer, and Meredith Danko.

Transcripts

Hi, I'm John Green, this is Crash Course World History, and today we're going to talk about capitalism.

Yeah, Mr. Green, capitalism just turns men into wolves. Your purportedly free markets

only makes slave of us all..

Oh god Stan, it's me from college. Me from the past has become me from college. This

is a disaster! The reason he's so unbearable, Stan, is that he refuses to recognize the

legitimacy of other people's narratives. And that means that he will never ever be able

to have a productive conversation with another human in his entire life.

So listen, me from the past. I'm gonna disappoint you by being too capitalist. And I'm gonna

disappoint a lot of other people by not being capitalist enough. And I'm gonna disappoint

the historians by not using enough jargon. But what can I do? We only have twelve minutes!

Fortunately, capitalism is all about efficiency.

So let's do this, me from college: Randy [Ransom] Riggs becomes a best-selling author, Josh

Radnor stars in a great sitcom, it is NOT going to work out with Emily, and do NOT go

to Alaska with a girl you've known for ten days. Okay, let's talk capitalism.

So capitalism is an economic system, but it's also a cultural system. It's characterized

by innovation and investment to increase wealth. But today, we're going to focus on production

and how industrial capitalism changed it. Stan, I can't wear these emblems of the bourgeoisie

while Karl Marx himself is looking at me, it's ridiculous.

I'm changing! Very hard to take off a shirt dramatically.

So let's say it's 1200 CE and you're a rug merchant. Just like merchants today, you sometimes

need to borrow money in order to buy the rugs you want to resell at a profit, and then you

pay that money back, often with interest, once you've resold the rugs. This is called

mercantile capitalism, and it was a global phenomenon, from the Chinese, to the Indian

Ocean trade network, to Muslim merchants who would sponsor trade caravans across the Sahara.

But by the 17th century, merchants in the Netherlands and in Britain had expanded upon

this idea to create joint stock companies. Those companies could finance bigger trade

missions and also spread the risk of international trade. But the thing about international trade

is that sometimes boats sink or they get taken by pirates, and while that's bad if you're

a sailor because, you know, you lose your life, it's really bad if you're a mercantile

capitalist because you lost all your money. But if you own one-tenth of ten boats, your

risk is much better managed. That kind of investment definitely increased wealth, but

it only affected a sliver of the population and it didn't create a culture of capitalism.

Industrial capitalism was something altogether different, both in scale and in practice.

Let's use Joyce Appleby's definition of industrial capitalism: "An economic system that relies on

investment of capital in machines and technology that are used to increase production of marketable goods."

So imagine that someone made a Stan machine (by the way Stan, this is a remarkable likeness)

and that Stan machine could produce and direct 10 times more episodes of Crash Course than

a human Stan. Well, of course, even if there are upfront costs I'm going to invest in a

Stan machine so I can start cranking out 10 times the knowledge - Stan, are you focusing

on the robot instead of me? I AM THE STAR OF THE SHOW. Stanbot, you're going behind the globe.

So when most of us think about capitalism, especially when we think about its downsides

- long hours, low wages, miserable working conditions, child labor, unemployed Stans

- that's what we're thinking about. Now admittedly, this is just one definition of industrial

capitalism among many, but it's the definition we're going with.

All right, let's go to the Thought Bubble. Industrial capitalism developed first in Britain

in the 19th century. Britain had a bunch of advantages - it was the dominant power on

the seas, and it was making good money off its trade with its colonies, including the

slave trade; also, the growth of capitalism was helped by the half-century of civil unrest

that resulted from the 17th century English Civil War.

Now, I'm not advocating for civil wars or anything but in this particular case it was

useful because before the war, the British crown had put a lot of regulations on the

economy: complicated licenses, royal monopolies, etc. But during the turmoil it couldn't enforce

them, which made for freer markets.

Another factor was a remarkable increase in agricultural productivity in the 16th century.

As food prices started to rise, it became profitable for farmers, both large and small,

to invest in agricultural technologies that would improve crop yields. Those higher prices

for grain probably resulted from population growth, which in turn was encouraged by increased

production of food crops.

A number of these agricultural improvements came from the Dutch, who had chronic problems

feeding themselves, and discovered that planting different kinds of crops, like clover, that

added nitrogen to the soil and could be used to feed livestock at the same time, meant

that more fields could be used at once. This increased productivity, eventually brought

down prices, and this encouraged further innovation in order to increase yield to make up for the drop in prices.

Lower food prices had an added benefit: since food cost less and wages in England remained

high, workers would have more disposable income, which meant that if there were consumer goods

available, they would be consumed, which incentivized people to make consumer goods more efficiently,

and therefore more cheaply. You can see how this positive feedback loop leads to more

food, and more stuff, culminating in a world where people have so much stuff that we must

rent space to store it, and so much food that obesity has become a bigger killer than starvation.

Thanks, Thought Bubble.

So this increased productivity also meant that fewer people needed to work in agriculture

in order to feed the population. To put this in perspective, in 1520, 80% of the English

population worked the land. By 1800, only 36% of adult male laborers were working in

agriculture, and by 1850, that percentage had dropped to 25.

This meant that when the factories started humming, there were plenty of workers to hum

along with them. Especially child laborers. So far all this sounds pretty good, right?

I mean, except for the child labor - who wouldn't want more, cheaper food? Yeah, well, not so fast.

One of the ways the British achieved all this agricultural productivity was through the

process of enclosure, whereby landlords would reclaim and privatize fields that for centuries

had been held in common by multiple tenants. This increased agricultural productivity,

but it also impoverished many tenant farmers, many of whom lost their livelihoods.

Okay, for our purposes capitalism is also a cultural system, rooted in the need of private

investors to turn a profit. So the real change needed here was a change of mind. People had

to develop the capitalist values of taking risks and appreciating innovation. And they

had to come to believe that making an upfront investment in something like a Stan Machine

could pay for itself and then some.

One of the reasons that these values developed in Britain was that the people who initially

held them were really good at publicizing them. Writers like Thomas Mun, who worked

for the English East India Company, exposed people to the idea that the economy was controlled

by markets. And other writers popularized the idea that it was human nature for individuals

to participate in markets as rational actors.

Even our language changed: the word "individuals" did not apply to persons until the 17th century.

And in the 18th century, a "career" still referred only to horses' racing lives.

Perhaps the most important idea that was popularized in England was that men and women were consumers

as well as producers and that this was actually a good thing because the desire to consume

manufactured goods could spur economic growth. "The main spur to trade, or rather to industry

and ingenuity, is the exorbitant appetite of men, which they will take pain to gratify,"

so wrote John Cary, one of capitalism's cheerleaders, in 1695, and in talking about our appetite,

he wasn't just talking about food. That doesn't seem radical now, but it sure did back then.

So here in the 21st century it's clear that industrial capitalism - at least for now - has

won. [Aside to Marx] Sorry buddy, but you know, you gave it a good run. You didn't know about Stalin.

But capitalism isn't without its problems, or its critics, and there were certainly lots

of shortcomings to industrial capitalism in the 19th century. Working conditions were

awful. Days were long, arduous, and monotonous. Workers lived in conditions that people living

in the developed world today would associate with abject poverty. One way that workers

responded to these conditions was by organizing into labor unions. Another response was in

many cases purely theoretical: socialism, most famously Marxian socialism.

I should probably point out here that socialism is an imperfect opposite to capitalism, even

though the two are often juxtaposed. Capitalism’s defenders like to point out that it’s “natural,”

meaning that if left to our own devices, humans would construct economic relationships that

resemble capitalism. Socialism, at least in its modern incarnations, makes fewer pretenses

towards being an expression of human nature; it’s the result of human choice and human planning.

So, socialism, as an intellectual construct, began in France. How’d I do, Stan? Mm, in

the border between Egypt and Libya.

There were two branches of socialism in France, Utopian and revolutionary. Utopian socialism

is often associated with Comte de Saint Simon and Charles Fourier, both of whom rejected

revolutionary action after having seen the disaster of the French Revolution.

Both were critical of capitalism and while Fourier is usually a punchline in history

classes because he believed that, in his ideal socialist world, the seas would turn to lemonade,

he was right that human beings have desires that go beyond basic self interest, and that

we aren’t always economically rational actors.

The other French socialists were the revolutionaries, and they saw the French Revolution, even its

violence, in a much more positive light. The most important of these revolutionaries was

Auguste Blanqui, and we associate a lot of his ideas with communism, which is a term

that he used. Like the Utopians, he criticized capitalism, but he believed that it could

only be overthrown through violent revolution by the working classes.

However, while Blanqui thought that the workers would come to dominate a communist world,

he was an elitist. And he believed that workers on their own could never, on their own, overcome

their superstitions and their prejudices in order to throw off bourgeois oppression.

And that brings us to Karl Marx, whose ideas and beard cast a shadow over most of the 20th

century. Oh, it’s time for the Open Letter? An Open Letter to Karl Marx’s Beard.

But, first, let’s see what’s in the secret compartment today. Oh, robots. Stan Bots!

Two Stan Bots, one of them female! Now I own all the means of production. You’re officially

useless to me, Stan. Now, turn the camera off. Turn the ca-- I’m going to have to

get up and turn the camera off? Stan Bot, go turn the camera off.

Hey there, Karl Marx’s beard.

Wow, you are intense. Karl Marx, these days there are a lot of young men who think beards

are cool. Beard lovers, if you will. Those aren’t beards, those are glorified milk

mustaches. I mean, I haven’t shaved for a couple weeks, Karl Marx, but I’m not claiming a beard.

You don’t get a beard by being lazy, you get a beard by being a committed revolutionary.

That’s why hardcore Marxists are literally known as “Bearded Marxists.” These days,

that’s an insult. But you know what, Karl Marx, when I look back at history, I prefer

the bearded communists. Let’s talk about some communists who didn’t have beards:

Mao Zedong, Pol Pot, Kim Jong-il, Joseph freakin’ Stalin with his face caterpillar.

So, yeah, Karl Marx’s beard, it’s my great regret to inform you that there are some paltry

beards trying to take up the class struggle these days.

Best Wishes, John Green

Although he’s often considered the father of communism, because he co-wrote The Communist

Manifesto, Marx was above all a philosopher and a historian. It’s just that, unlike

many philosophers and historians, he advocated for revolution.

His greatest work, Das Kapital, sets out to explain the world of the 19th century in historical

and philosophical terms. Marx’s thinking is deep and dense and we’re low on time,

but I want to introduce one of his ideas, that of class struggle.

So, for Marx, the focus isn’t on the class, it’s on the struggle. Basically Marx believed

that classes don’t only struggle to make history, but that the struggle is what makes

classes into themselves. The idea is that through conflict, classes develop a sense

of themselves, and without conflict, there is no such thing as class consciousness.

So, Marx was writing in 19th century England and there were two classes that mattered:

the workers and the capitalists. The capitalists owned most of the factors of production (in

this case, land and the capital to invest in factories). The workers just had their

labor. So, the class struggle here is between capitalists, who want labor at the lowest

possible price, and the workers who want to be paid as much as possible for their work.

There are two key ideas that underlie this theory of class struggle. First, Marx believed

that “production,” or work, was the thing that gave life material meaning. Second, is

that we are by nature social animals. We work together, we collaborate, we are more efficient

when we share resources.

Marx’s criticism of capitalism is that capitalism replaces this egalitarian collaboration with

conflict. And that means that it isn’t a natural system after all. And by arguing that

capitalism actually isn’t consistent with human nature, Marx sought to empower the workers.

That’s a lot more attractive than Blanqui’s elitist socialism, and while purportedly Marxist

states like the USSR usually abandon worker empowerment pretty quickly, the idea of protecting

our collective interest remains powerful. That’s where we’ll have to leave it for

now, lest I start reading from The Communist Manifesto.

But, ultimately socialism has not succeeded in supplanting capitalism, as its proponents

had hoped. In the United States, at least, “socialism” has become something of a

dirty word.

So, industrial capitalism certainly seems to have won out, and in terms of material

well-being and access to goods and services for people around the world, that’s probably a good thing.

Ugh, you keep falling over. You’re a great bit, but a very flimsy one. Actually, come

to think of it, you’re more of an 8-bit.

But how and to what extent we use socialist principles to regulate free markets remains

an open question, and one that is answered very differently in, say, Sweden than in the

United States. And this, I would argue, is where Marx still matters.

Is capitalist competition natural and good, or should there be systems in place to check

it for the sake of our collective well-being? Should we band together to provide health

care for the sick, or pensions for the old? Should government run businesses, and if so,

which ones? The mail delivery business? The airport security business? The education business?

Those are the places where industrial capitalism and socialism are still competing. And in

that sense, at least, the struggle continues. Thanks for watching, I’ll see you next week.

Crash Course is produced and directed by Stan Muller. Our script supervisor is Danica Johnson.

The show is written by my high school history teacher, Raoul Meyer and myself. We’re ably

interned by Meredith Danko. And our graphics team is Thought Bubble.

Last week’s phrase of the week was “the TARDIS,” so you can stop suggesting that

now! If you want to suggest future phrases of the week or guess at this week’s, you

can do so in comments, where you can also ask questions about today’s video that will

be answered by our team of historians.

Thanks for watching Crash Course, and as we say in my hometown, Don’t Forget To Be Awesome.

All right, Stan, bring the movie magic... Yes!