Acara 3 - Ekstraksi Pelarut (Praktikum Kimia Dasar)

Summary

This video demonstrates the process of solvent extraction in a basic chemistry experiment. The procedure involves the careful extraction of soap solution using petroleum ether, with the addition of NaCl and washing steps to remove impurities. The process is repeated in multiple extraction stages, followed by washing with aquades and using indicators to monitor pH levels. The final stage includes titration with NaOH to determine the soap content. Through clear, methodical steps, the video provides a comprehensive guide to the extraction process, emphasizing precision and safety in laboratory work.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script demonstrates a chemistry practical experiment on solvent extraction.
• 😀 The equipment used includes a separatory funnel, measuring glass, Erlenmeyer flask, beaker, and burette.
• 😀 The materials needed for the extraction include soap solution, petroleum ether, saturated NaCl, alcohol, and an indicator.
• 😀 The first step involves measuring 25 mL of soap solution and 10 mL of petroleum ether for the extraction process.
• 😀 The soap solution and petroleum ether are mixed in the separatory funnel and shaken until emulsion forms.
• 😀 Saturated NaCl solution (10 mL) is added to the funnel to help separate the layers after shaking.
• 😀 After 10 minutes of shaking, the solution separates into two layers: petroleum ether on top and soap solution on the bottom.
• 😀 The two layers are separated by opening the stopcock of the separatory funnel and collecting the soap solution in an Erlenmeyer flask.
• 😀 The petroleum ether layer is then measured and recorded as the first volume of petroleum ether used.
• 😀 The soap solution undergoes further extraction with additional petroleum ether and NaCl solution, repeating the separation process multiple times to ensure complete extraction.
• 😀 The final step involves washing the petroleum ether solution with water and performing a titration with NaOH to determine the completion of the extraction process.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the script?

The main topic of the script is a laboratory demonstration of solvent extraction using a soap solution, petroleum ether, and sodium chloride (NaCl) to separate and purify substances.

What equipment is needed for the extraction process?

The equipment required for the extraction process includes a graduated cylinder, an Erlenmeyer flask, a beaker, a separatory funnel, and a burette for titration.

What is the first step in the solvent extraction process?

The first step is to measure 25 mL of soap solution and 10 mL of petroleum ether using a graduated cylinder.

Why is sodium chloride (NaCl) added to the mixture?

Sodium chloride is added to the mixture to help separate the soap solution from the petroleum ether by forming two distinct layers during the extraction process.

How is the emulsification process achieved in the extraction?

Emulsification is achieved by shaking the separatory funnel after adding the petroleum ether and sodium chloride solution. This creates a temporary emulsion between the soap solution and the petroleum ether.

What happens after shaking the separatory funnel for 10 minutes?

After shaking the separatory funnel for 10 minutes, two layers are formed. The top layer is petroleum ether, and the bottom layer is the soap solution. These layers are then separated.

How do you separate the layers of the mixture?

To separate the layers, open the valve of the separatory funnel and collect the soap solution from the bottom layer into an Erlenmeyer flask, then collect the petroleum ether from the top layer into a graduated cylinder.

How many times is the extraction process repeated?

The extraction process is repeated three times with fresh petroleum ether each time to ensure the soap is fully extracted.

What is the purpose of the washing step in the process?

The washing step aims to remove any remaining soap from the petroleum ether by adding distilled water and a phenolphthalein indicator, ensuring that the petroleum ether is no longer basic.

What is done after the washing step is completed?

After the washing step, the petroleum ether is combined with alcohol, and the mixture is shaken. The two layers formed (alcohol and petroleum ether) are separated. The alcohol layer undergoes titration with NaOH to determine the end point.