How does Inverter work? What are the Main Components of Inverter & Their Working in Hindi?

Summary

In this detailed video, expert Upendra Ji explains how an inverter functions, highlighting key components such as the battery terminal, solar panel and grid charging, PCB, transformer, and cooling fan. He elaborates on the inverter’s process of converting DC to AC power, the importance of safety features like fuses, and how the microcontroller regulates the system. The video offers a clear, technical breakdown of how inverters work, particularly in solar energy systems, while emphasizing the roles of various parts in ensuring efficient and safe power conversion.

Takeaways

• 😀 Inverters typically have two primary power sources: solar panels and the electrical grid.
• 😀 Solar panels are the first priority for charging the battery, provided they offer sufficient current and voltage.
• 😀 The inverter converts DC power from the battery into AC power for household use, through a transformer.
• 😀 The PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is the heart of the inverter, controlling all internal circuits and power flow.
• 😀 The transformer inverts voltage and can step it up or down based on the inverter's power rating.
• 😀 A digital display shows real-time data, such as voltage, current, and output power, helping users monitor the system.
• 😀 A cooling fan is a crucial component, preventing the inverter from overheating due to the DC to AC conversion process.
• 😀 The inverter includes a fuse for safety, preventing damage to the system in case of electrical faults or overloads.
• 😀 The changeover switch, along with a microcontroller, ensures proper voltage levels and prevents overcharging or deep discharging of the battery.
• 😀 Regular maintenance and careful handling of internal components, especially the screws, are essential to avoid damage or malfunction of the inverter.

Q & A

What is the role of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) in an inverter?

The PCB is the central control unit of the inverter. It manages the entire circuit, ensuring the proper functioning of all components and controls the power flow.

How does the transformer in an inverter work?

The transformer steps up or steps down the voltage to match the required AC voltage for household use, typically 220V. It also plays a role in converting DC power into AC power.

Why is a cooling fan necessary in an inverter?

The cooling fan is essential because inverters generate a lot of heat during the power conversion process. The fan helps keep the internal components like the PCB and transformer cool, preventing damage due to overheating.

What information can be seen on the inverter's digital display?

The digital display shows key data such as the voltage, current, and output status of the inverter, helping users monitor its performance in real-time.

What is the function of the AC fuse in an inverter?

The AC fuse is a safety feature that protects the inverter. If there's a fault in the power supply, like a surge, the fuse will blow, preventing damage to the inverter’s internal components.

How does the inverter manage the power flow between solar panels and the grid?

The inverter prioritizes solar power for charging the battery. If the solar panels aren’t generating enough power, it switches to the grid to ensure continuous charging.

How does the inverter ensure the battery is not overcharged or deeply discharged?

The inverter uses a controller that monitors the battery’s voltage levels. It prevents overcharging by regulating the charge and stops the discharge if the voltage drops too low, ensuring battery longevity.

What happens when the battery in an inverter is fully charged?

Once the battery is fully charged, the inverter switches to using grid or solar power as necessary to maintain the power supply to the home. It also starts providing AC power from the battery to the household appliances.

Why is the size of the transformer in an inverter important?

The transformer size directly correlates with the inverter’s capacity. Larger inverters (e.g., 5kW or 10kW) require bigger transformers to handle the increased power output.

What should you do if the inverter's screw threads get damaged?

It’s important to use the correct type of screwdriver when opening the inverter to avoid damaging the screw threads. If the threads are damaged, it could cause difficulty in reassembling or maintaining the unit.