Steve Jobs Discurso en Stanford Sub Español HD YouTube

Summary

En esta conmovedora y motivadora charla de graduación, Steve Jobs comparte tres historias personales que ilustran la importancia de conectar las experiencias de la vida, el amor y la pérdida, y la inevitabilidad de la muerte. Jobs narra su decisión de abandonar la universidad, lo que le permitió explorar sus intereses y eventualmente influir en la creación del primer Macintosh con tipografía elegante. Habla de su despedida de Apple, lo que resultó en un renacimiento creativo, incluyendo la fundación de Pixar y el retorno triunfante a Apple. Finalmente, reflexiona sobre su propia experiencia con el cáncer y cómo la perspectiva de la muerte le ayudó a tomar decisiones importantes. Concluye instando a los graduados a seguir su pasión y vivir sin miedo a fracasar, recordándoles 'mantenlo, hambriento, mantenlo, tonto'.

Takeaways

• 🎓 Steve Jobs nunca se graduó de la universidad, pero compartió tres historias de su vida.
• 📚 Primera historia: conectar los puntos. Jobs dejó Reed College después de seis meses, pero continuó asistiendo a clases que le interesaban.
• 🖋️ La clase de caligrafía en Reed College influyó en el diseño tipográfico del Macintosh.
• 🔮 No puedes conectar los puntos mirando hacia adelante; solo puedes hacerlo mirando hacia atrás. Debes confiar en que se conectarán en el futuro.
• ❤️ Segunda historia: amor y pérdida. Jobs y Wozniak fundaron Apple en un garaje, pero Jobs fue despedido de la empresa que creó.
• ✨ Después de ser despedido, Jobs fundó NeXT y Pixar, y regresó a Apple cuando ésta compró NeXT.
• 🖥️ La tecnología desarrollada en NeXT impulsó el renacimiento de Apple.
• ⚰️ Tercera historia: la muerte. Jobs se enfrentó al cáncer de páncreas y reflexionó sobre la mortalidad.
• ⏳ Recordar que va a morir fue una herramienta clave para ayudarle a tomar decisiones importantes.
• 💡 Tu tiempo es limitado, no lo desperdicies viviendo la vida de otra persona. Ten el coraje de seguir tu corazón e intuición.
• 📜 Jobs se inspiró en el 'Whole Earth Catalog' y su mensaje de despedida: 'Stay hungry, stay foolish' ('Mantente hambriento, mantente alocado').

Q & A

¿Por qué Steve Jobs decidió abandonar la universidad?

Steve Jobs abandonó la universidad porque no veía el valor en su educación y no tenía idea de qué quería hacer con su vida ni cómo la universidad le ayudaría a descubrirlo, además de que su educación estaba gastando todo el dinero ahorrado por sus padres.

¿Qué impacto tuvo la enseñanza de caligrafía en la vida de Jobs?

La enseñanza de caligrafía tuvo un impacto significativo en Jobs, ya que más tarde, al diseñar la primera computadora Macintosh, utilizó lo aprendido para integrar una tipografía hermosa, algo que no habría existido si no hubiera asistido a esa clase.

¿Cómo describió Jobs su experiencia después de abandonar la universidad?

Jobs describió su experiencia como desafiante pero en última instancia valiosa, ya que le permitió seguir sus intereses y curiosidad, lo que más tarde se convirtió en una gran ventaja en su carrera.

¿Cuál fue la razón por la que Jobs fue despedido de Apple?

Jobs fue despedido de Apple debido a desacuerdos sobre la visión del futuro de la empresa con el director ejecutivo que había contratado para trabajar junto a él.

¿Cómo describió Jobs el efecto de ser despedido de Apple en su vida?

Jobs consideró que ser despedido de Apple fue lo mejor que le había pasado, ya que le permitió comenzar de nuevo y entrar en uno de los períodos más creativos de su vida.

¿Qué compañías fundó Steve Jobs después de ser despedido de Apple?

Después de ser despedido de Apple, Jobs fundó dos compañías: NeXT y Pixar.

¿Cómo describió Jobs el significado de encontrar lo que amas hacer?

Jobs enfatizó la importancia de encontrar lo que amas hacer, ya que esto es lo que te mantendrá motivado y satisfecho en tu trabajo y te permitirá realizar un trabajo excelente.

¿Qué lecciones sobre la vida Jobs aprendió de su experiencia con el cáncer?

Jobs aprendió que la vida es limitada y que no se debe desperdiciarla viviendo la vida de alguien más, y que se debe tener el coraje de seguir el corazón y la intuición.

¿Qué cita marcó a Jobs cuando tenía 17 años y cómo influenció su vida?

La cita que marcó a Jobs fue 'Si vives cada día como si fuera el último, algún día ciertamente estarás en lo correcto', lo que lo llevó a reflexionar sobre su vida y a tomar decisiones importantes cada mañana.

¿Cuál fue el mensaje de despedida de la revista Whole Earth Catalog y cómo lo interpretó Jobs?

El mensaje de despedida de la Whole Earth Catalog fue 'Stay hungry, stay foolish', y Jobs lo interpretó como un llamado a mantener la ambición y la curiosidad, y a no tener miedo de cometer errores.

Outlines

00:00

🎓 La importancia de conectar los puntos de la vida

Steve Jobs comparte su experiencia universitaria y cómo la decisión de abandonar la escuela se convirtió en un punto fundamental en su vida. Narra su historia personal, desde la adopción hasta su elección de colegio y la decisión de retirarse para seguir sus intereses. Destaca cómo la asistencia a un curso de caligrafía en Reed College, que inicialmente parecía inútil, impactó profundamente en el diseño del primer Macintosh y la evolución de la tipografía en las computadoras personales. Jobs enfatiza la importancia de confiar en que las decisiones y experiencias pasadas se conectarán en el futuro para dar forma a tu vida.

05:02

❤️ La historia del amor y la pérdida en la vida laboral

En esta sección, Jobs narra su segunda historia, centrada en el amor y la pérdida. Contó cómo encontró su pasión temprano en la vida y comenzó Apple en el garaje de sus padres. A pesar del éxito y crecimiento de la empresa, Jobs fue despedido de la compañía que fundó, lo que le causó una gran desolación. Sin embargo, esto lo llevó a reinventarse y comenzar de nuevo, lo que resultó en la creación de Next y Pixar, y eventualmente en un regreso a Apple. Jobs concluye que el amor por lo que haces es fundamental para la satisfacción y que uno debe buscar activamente esa pasión, ya que es la clave para hacer un gran trabajo y tener una vida plena.

10:05

⚰ La muerte como un catalizador de cambio

Jobs comparte su tercera historia, relacionada con la muerte. Comenta una cita que le impactó en su juventud y que lo llevó a vivir cada día como si fuera el último. Esta filosofía le ayudó a tomar decisiones importantes en su vida. Narra su experiencia con un cáncer del páncreas, un diagnóstico que inicialmente parecía fatal pero resultó ser curable. Esta experiencia reforzó su convicción de que la muerte es un catalizador de cambio y un recordatorio de que el tiempo es limitado. Jobs insta a los oyentes a no desperdiciar su tiempo viviendo la vida de alguien más y a tener el coraje de seguir su corazón e intuición. Concluye con el mensaje de 'stay hungry, stay foolish', un llamado a la curiosidad y la audacia en la vida.

Keywords

💡Conexión de Puntos

La frase 'Conexión de Puntos' se refiere a la idea de que los eventos de nuestra vida, aunque no parezcan estar relacionados en el momento, eventualmente se conectarán para formar un patrón o historia personal. En el video, Jobs utiliza esta metáfora para explicar cómo su decisión de abandonar la universidad y asistir a una clase de caligrafía que no tenía una aplicación inmediata, más tarde influyó en la creación del primer Macintosh con tipografías hermosas.

💡Adopción

La palabra 'Adopción' es un concepto clave en la historia personal de Jobs, ya que su madre biológica, siendo una estudiante universitaria no casada, decidió ponerlo en adopción. Esta decisión y el acuerdo de sus padres adoptivos de enviarlo a la universidad juegan un papel importante en la narrativa de su vida y cómo tomó decisiones que afectaron su futuro.

💡Caligrafía

La 'Caligrafía' es mencionada como un ejemplo de un conocimiento que, aunque en ese momento no tenía aplicación práctica, más tarde se convirtió en fundamental para Jobs. Aprendió sobre tipografías y espacio entre letras en una clase que, sin saberlo, influiría en el diseño del primer Macintosh, integrando tipografía hermosa en las computadoras personales.

💡Renuncia

La 'Renuncia' es otro tema central en la vida de Jobs, especialmente cuando fue despedido de Apple, la empresa que él fundó. Esta experiencia, aunque devastadora al principio, lo llevó a comenzar nuevas empresas y a encontrar pasión y creatividad en su trabajo, lo que eventualmente resultó en su regreso a Apple y en el éxito de Pixar.

💡Amor

El 'Amor' es presentado como una fuerza motriz en la vida de Jobs, no solo en el ámbito personal, donde se enamoró de su futura esposa, sino también en su pasión por su trabajo. Jobs enfatiza la importancia de encontrar y hacer lo que amas, ya que esto es lo que te mantendrá motivado y satisfecho a largo plazo.

💡Muerte

La 'Muerte' es un tema que Jobs utiliza para enfatizar la importancia de vivir de manera auténtica y no posponer el seguimiento de tus sueños. La experiencia de Jobs con el cáncer y su recuperación refuerzan el mensaje de que la vida es limitada y que debemos valorar cada momento, evitando vivir de acuerdo a las expectativas de los demás.

💡Seguir el Corazón

El concepto de 'Seguir el Corazón' es una leitmotiv en toda la charla de Jobs. Él insta a los graduados a confiar en sus instintos y a tomar decisiones basadas en sus pasiones y convicciones internas, más allá de las expectativas externas o el miedo al fracaso.

💡Cambio

El 'Cambio' es un tema recurrente en la vida de Jobs, desde su decisión de abandonar la universidad hasta su despido de Apple y su lucha contra el cáncer. Cada cambio, aunque a menudo difícil, le proporcionó nuevas oportunidades y lo llevó a crecer tanto profesional como personalmente.

💡Creación

La 'Creación' es una palabra clave que describe no solo el proceso de dar forma a nuevas ideas y productos, como el Macintosh y Pixar, sino también la creación de una vida significativa y auténtica. Jobs enfatiza la importancia de innovar y dejar una huella en el mundo.

💡Curiosidad

La 'Curiosidad' es descrita por Jobs como un impulsor de aprendizaje y descubrimiento. Fue su curiosidad lo que lo llevó a tomar la clase de caligrafía y a explorar otros campos que más tarde se revelaron ser fundamentales en su carrera y éxito.

💡Autoaprendizaje

El 'Autoaprendizaje' es un tema implícito en la historia de Jobs, especialmente en la forma en que se educó después de abandonar la universidad, eligiendo aprender sobre temas que le interesaban genuinamente, como la caligrafía, en lugar de seguir un plan de estudios tradicional.

💡Riesgo

El 'Riesgo' es un concepto clave en la vida de Jobs, quien tomó decisiones arriesgadas como abandonar la universidad y comenzar nuevas empresas. Estas decisiones, aunque llenas de incertidumbre, resultaron en oportunidades y logros significativos.

💡Innovación

La 'Innovación' es un hilo conductor en la vida profesional de Jobs, desde la fundación de Apple hasta el éxito de Pixar. Jobs vio la innovación como una forma de mantenerse a la vanguardia y de cambiar el mundo a través de tecnología y arte.

💡Perseverancia

La 'Perseverancia' es un tema importante en la charla de Jobs, quien enfrentó múltiples desafíos y fracasos a lo largo de su vida. A pesar de estos obstáculos, su determinación y la capacidad de seguir adelante le permitieron alcanzar el éxito.

Highlights

Steve Jobs addresses the graduates at a prestigious university and acknowledges that he never graduated from college himself.

Jobs shares three personal stories, beginning with his decision to drop out of Reed College after six months.

His biological mother wanted him to be adopted by college graduates, but his adoptive parents didn't meet this criterion initially.

Jobs highlights how dropping out allowed him to attend classes that interested him, leading to his fascination with calligraphy.

The calligraphy class he attended influenced the typography of the first Macintosh computer, demonstrating the importance of following one's curiosity.

Jobs emphasizes that it's impossible to connect the dots looking forward, but it becomes clear looking backwards.

He encourages the audience to trust that the dots will connect in the future, urging them to follow their hearts.

Jobs shares the story of founding Apple with Steve Wozniak in his parents' garage and growing it into a billion-dollar company.

He recounts how he was fired from Apple at 30, which he describes as a devastating but beneficial experience.

After being fired, Jobs started NeXT and Pixar, the latter becoming a hugely successful animation studio.

Jobs highlights the importance of loving what you do, advising the audience not to settle until they find their passion.

He discusses his experience with cancer, emphasizing the clarity and focus that facing death brings to making life choices.

Jobs reflects on the inevitability of death and its role in clearing out the old to make way for the new.

He advises the audience to avoid living someone else's life and to have the courage to follow their own intuition.

Jobs concludes with a reference to the Whole Earth Catalog and its farewell message: 'Stay hungry, stay foolish.'

Transcripts

it's been Speaker Steve Jobs

thank you I'm honored to be with you

today for your commencement from one of

the finest universities in the world

truth be told I never graduated from

college and this is the closest I've

ever gotten to a college graduation

today I want to tell you three stories

from my life that's it no big deal

just three stories the first story is

about connecting the dots I dropped out

of Reed College after the first six

months but then stayed around as a

drop-in for another 18 months or so

before I really quit so why did I drop

out it started before I was born my

biological mother was a young unwed

graduate student and she decided to put

me up for adoption she felt very

strongly that I should be adopted by

college graduates so everything was all

set for me to be adopted at Birth by a

lawyer and his wife except that when I

popped out they decided at the last

minute that they really wanted a girl so

my parents who were on a waiting list

got a call in the middle of the night

asking we've got an unexpected baby boy

do you want him they said of course my

biological mother found out later that

my mother had never graduated from

college and that my father had never

graduated from high school she refused

to sign the final adoption papers she

only relented a few months later when my

parents promised that I would go to

college this was the start in my life

and 17 years later I did go to college

but I naively chose a college that was

almost as expensive as Stanford and all

of my working-class parents savings were

being spent on my college tuition after

six months I couldn't see the value in

it I had no idea what I wanted to

with my life and no idea how college was

going to help me figure it out and here

I was spending all the money my parents

had saved their entire life so I decided

to drop out and trust that it would all

work out okay it was pretty scary at the

time but looking back it was one of the

best decisions I ever made the minute I

dropped out I could stop taking the

required classes that didn't interest me

and begin dropping in on the ones that

looked far more interesting it wasn't

all romantic I didn't have a dorm room

so I slept on the floor in friends rooms

I returned coke bottles for the five

cent deposits to buy food with and I

would walk the seven miles across town

every Sunday night to get one good meal

a week at the Hari Krishna temple I

loved it and much of what I stumbled

into by following my curiosity and

intuition

turned out to be priceless later on let

me give you one example Reed College at

that time offered perhaps the best

calligraphy instruction in the country

throughout the campus every poster every

label on every drawer was beautifully

hand calligraphed

because I had dropped out and didn't

have to take the normal classes I

decided to take a calligraphy class to

learn how to do this I learned about

serif and sans-serif typefaces about

varying the amount of space between

different letter combinations about what

makes great typography great it was

beautiful historical artistically subtle

in a way that science can't capture and

I found it fascinating none of this had

even a hope of any practical application

in my life but 10 years later when we

were designing the first Macintosh

computer it all came back to me and we

designed it all into the Mac it was the

first computer with beautiful typography

if I had never dropped in on that single

course in college the Mac would have

never had multiple typefaces or

proportionally spaced fonts and since

windows just copied the Mac it's likely

that no personal computer would

if I had never dropped out I would have

never dropped in on that calligraphy

class and personal computers might not

have the wonderful typography that they

do of course it was impossible to

connect the dots looking forward when I

was in college but it was very very

clear looking backwards ten years later

again you can't connect the dots looking

forward you can only connect them

looking backwards so you have to trust

that the dots will somehow connect in

your future you have to trust in

something your gut destiny life karma

whatever because believing that the dots

will connect down the road will give you

the confidence to follow your heart even

when it leads you off the well-worn path

and that will make all the difference my

second story is about love and loss I

was lucky I found what I loved to do

early in life woz and I started Apple in

my parent's garage when I was 20 we

worked hard and in 10 years Apple had

grown from just the two of us in a

garage into a two billion dollar company

with over 4,000 employees we just

released our finest creation the

Macintosh a year earlier and I just

turned 30 and then I got fired how can

you get fired from a company who started

well as Apple grew we hired someone who

I thought was very talented to run the

company with me and for the first year

or so things went well but then our

visions of the future began to diverge

and eventually we had a falling out when

we did our Board of Directors sided with

him and so at 30 I was out and very

publicly out what had been the focus of

my entire adult life was gone and it was

devastating I really didn't know what to

do for a few months I felt that I'd let

the previous generation of entrepreneurs

down that I had dropped the baton as it

was being passed to me I met with David

Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to

apologize for screwing up so badly I was

a very public fail

and I even thought about running away

from the valley but something slowly

began to dawn on me I still loved what I

did the turn of events at Apple had not

changed that one bit

I'd been rejected but I was still in

love and so I decided to start over I

didn't see it then but it turned out

that getting fired from Apple was the

best thing that could have ever happened

to me

the heaviness of being successful was

replaced by the lightness of being a

beginner again less sure about

everything it freed me to enter one of

the most creative periods of my life

during the next five years I started a

company named next another company named

Pixar and fell in love with an amazing

woman who would become my wife Pixar

went on to create the world's first

computer animated feature film Toy Story

and is now the most successful animation

studio in the world in a remarkable turn

of events Apple bought next and I

returned to Apple and the technology we

developed it next is at the heart of

Apple's current Renaissance and Laureen

and I have a wonderful family together

I'm pretty sure none of this would have

happened if I hadn't been fired from

Apple

it was awful tasting medicine but I

guess the patient needed it sometime

life sometimes life's going to hit you

in the head with a brick don't lose

faith I'm convinced that the only thing

that kept me going was that I loved what

I did you've got to find what you love

and that is as true for work as it is

for your lovers your work is going to

fill a large part of your life and the

only way to be truly satisfied is to do

what you believe is great work and the

only way to do great work is to love

what you do if you haven't found it yet

keep looking and don't settle as with

all matters of the heart you'll know

when you find it and like any great

relationship it just gets better and

better as the years roll on so keep

looking don't settle

my third story is about death when I was

17 I read a quote that went something

like if you live each day as if it was

your last someday you'll most certainly

be right it made an impression on me and

since then for the past 33 years I've

looked in the mirror every morning and

asked myself if today were the last day

of my life

what I want to do what I am about to do

today and whenever the answer has been

no for too many days in a row I know I

need to change something remembering

that I'll be dead soon is the most

important tool I've ever encountered to

help me make the big choices in life

because almost everything all external

expectations all pride all fear of

embarrassment or failure these things

just fall away in the face of death

leaving only what is truly important

remembering that you are going to die is

the best way I know to avoid the trap of

thinking you have something to lose you

are already naked there is no reason not

to follow your heart about a year ago I

was diagnosed with cancer I had a scan

at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly

showed a tumor on my pancreas I didn't

even know what a pancreas was the

doctors told me this was almost

certainly a type of cancer that is

incurable and that I should expect to

live no longer than 3 to 6 months my

doctor advised me to go home and get my

affairs in order which is doctors code

for prepare to die it means to try and

tell your kids everything you thought

you'd have the next 10 years to tell

them in just a few months it means to

make sure everything is buttoned up so

that will be as easy as possible for

your family it means to say your

goodbyes I live with that diagnosis all

day later that evening I had a biopsy

where they stuck an endoscope down my

throat through my stomach and into my

intestines put a needle into my pancreas

and got a few cells from the tumor I was

sedated but my wife who was there

told me that when they viewed the cells

under a microscope the doctor started

crying because it turned out to be a

very rare form of pancreatic cancer that

is curable with surgery I had the

surgery and thankfully I'm fine now

this was the closest I've been to facing

death and I hope it's the closest I get

for a few more decades having lived

through it I can now say this to you

with a bit more certainty than when

death was a useful but purely

intellectual concept no one wants to die

even people who want to go to heaven

don't want to die to get there

and yet death is the destination we all

share no one has ever escaped it and

that is as it should be because death is

very likely the single best invention of

life its life's change agent it clears

out the old to make way for the new

right now the new is you but some day

not too long from now you will gradually

become the old and be cleared away sorry

to be so dramatic but it's quite true

your time is limited so don't waste it

living someone else's life

don't be trapped by Dogma which is

living with the results of other

people's thinking don't let the noise of

others opinions drown out your own inner

voice and most important have the

courage to follow your heart and

intuition they somehow already know what

you truly want to become everything else

is secondary

when I was young there was an amazing

publication called the Whole Earth

Catalog which was one of the Bible's of

my generation it was created by a fellow

named Stuart brand not far from here in

Menlo Park and he brought it to life

with his poetic touch this was in the

late 60s before personal computers and

desktop publishing so it was all made

with typewriters scissors and Polaroid

cameras it was sort of like Google and

paperback form 35 years before Google

came along it was idealistic overflowing

with neat tools and great notions Stuart

and his team put out several issues of

the Whole Earth Catalog and then when it

had run its course they put out a final

issue

it was the mid-1970s and I was your age

on the back cover of their final issue

was a photograph of an early-morning

country road the kind you might find

yourself hitchhiking on if you were so

adventurous beneath it were the words

stay hungry stay foolish it was their

farewell message as they signed off stay

hungry stay foolish and I have always

wished that for myself and now as you

graduate to begin anew I wish that for

you stay hungry stay foolish thank you

all very much