TENDÊNCIAS PEDAGÓGICAS DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA (TENDÊNCIA POPULAR - 1985 AOS DIAS ATUAIS) #ESPORTES

Summary

The transcript discusses the evolution of physical education in Brazil, particularly from 1985 onward, within the context of social and political change. The rise of 'Popular Physical Education' is linked to broader social movements, including labor strikes and the end of the military dictatorship. This era emphasizes inclusion, with students gaining more voice and participation in education. However, the shift led to a crisis in educational methodology, as teachers were unprepared for the new approach, resulting in a crisis of identity within physical education, marked by ineffective methods like the 'roll the ball' approach. The conversation highlights the challenges and the need for new frameworks in physical education.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Popular trend in physical education emerged in 1985, focusing on inclusive education that gives a voice to students.
• 😀 This shift in physical education is linked to the political and social changes in Brazil, especially the end of military dictatorship.
• 😀 The movement for more rights and participation, spurred by strikes and worker movements, influenced educational approaches, including physical education.
• 😀 The creation of the Brazilian Constitution during this time played a significant role in shaping the rights of citizens and students in schools.
• 😀 Physical education teachers faced a crisis of epistemology, struggling to adapt to the new demands of inclusivity and student participation.
• 😀 The shift away from militaristic and hygiene-focused physical education opened the door to new models of teaching, but also created confusion for educators.
• 😀 The 'roll the ball' method emerged as a reaction to the new student rights, but was seen as ineffective and overly simplistic by educators.
• 😀 Teachers initially struggled with the idea that students now had the right to suggest and critique activities, leading to an over-simplification of lessons.
• 😀 The 'roll the ball' method became a default because it required minimal preparation or expertise from the teacher, but it lacked educational depth.
• 😀 The crisis in physical education during this period sparked the creation of new approaches and reflections on the role of physical education in society.

Q & A

What is the 'Popular Physical Education' trend discussed in the script?

The 'Popular Physical Education' trend emerged in 1985 and continues to this day. It is not about making physical education accessible to all, but rather giving a voice to workers' movements and students. This shift occurred alongside broader social changes in Brazil, where labor strikes and political movements influenced the educational system, including physical education.

What role did the political context of Brazil in the 1980s play in shaping this trend?

In the 1980s, Brazil was transitioning from a military dictatorship to a civilian government. This political change, alongside the rise of workers' strikes and the 'Diretas Já' movement, pushed for greater rights and inclusion, which extended to education. This environment influenced physical education to become more inclusive and responsive to the needs and rights of students.

How did the change in Brazil's political system affect physical education?

With the end of military rule and the formation of a civilian government, there was a push for inclusivity and participation in various societal spheres, including education. Physical education became more focused on the rights of students, allowing them to have a say in their activities and pushing for the inclusion of a broader range of students in physical education programs.

What were some of the challenges faced by physical education teachers during this transition?

Teachers faced a crisis in how to adapt their teaching methods. They had to move away from past models, such as the military-focused physical education, which emphasized strength and exclusion, and the pedagogical models that focused on discipline and technique. The teachers were unsure how to balance the new emphasis on inclusion and the need for a more open, student-centered approach.

What is the 'epistemological crisis' in physical education referred to in the script?

The 'epistemological crisis' refers to the uncertainty and confusion teachers felt regarding the direction of physical education. With the shift toward inclusivity and student participation, educators struggled to reconcile traditional teaching methods with the new demands of a more democratic and student-driven approach to physical education.

What are some of the educational models that physical education moved away from in the 1980s?

Physical education moved away from several models, including the hygienic model focused on public health and cleanliness, the militaristic approach that emphasized physical strength and exclusion of weaker students, and the pedagogical model that was more centered on discipline and obedience rather than fostering creativity and inclusion.

How did the 'roll the ball' method reflect the crisis in physical education?

The 'roll the ball' method emerged as a simple and easy way for teachers to manage physical education classes without fully understanding how to incorporate the new, more inclusive pedagogical demands. It was seen as an inadequate response to the crisis, where the teacher would simply give the students a ball and supervise, rather than providing structured or meaningful physical education.

What is the significance of the 'Popular Physical Education' trend in the broader context of education?

The 'Popular Physical Education' trend is part of a larger movement toward greater inclusivity in education, reflecting societal demands for more democratic rights and participation. It highlights the importance of adapting education to meet the needs of diverse student populations, ensuring that all students, regardless of background or ability, have the opportunity to participate in physical activities.

What historical events were influential in shaping the educational reforms mentioned in the script?

Key events such as the end of Brazil's military dictatorship, the election of Tancredo Neves, the constitutional reform, and the establishment of the SUS (Unified Health System) in the 1980s played a major role in reshaping educational policies, including physical education. These events were tied to broader struggles for political rights, social inclusion, and democratic participation.

How did the inclusion of students' voices in physical education reflect broader social changes in Brazil?

As Brazil transitioned to a more democratic society, there was an increased focus on student rights and participation. This shift in social values was mirrored in physical education, where students were given more agency in determining their activities and were encouraged to participate more actively in their education. This was part of a broader movement to include diverse voices in educational practices.