Praktikum Sistematika Tumbuhan Biologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga Acara ke-2 Pterydopyta (Tumbuhan Paku)

Summary

In this practical session on pteridophytes, students will explore the classification and characteristics of ferns. The session covers four classes of pteridophytes: Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, and Polypodiopsida. Specimens from the Polypodiopsida class are observed, including *Nephrolepis*, *Adiantum caudatum*, and *Marsilea crenata*. Students will examine various plant parts such as roots, stems, and leaves, noting distinct features like the curled young leaves of *Nephrolepis*, the smooth, dark stems of *Adiantum*, and the four-leaf structure of *Marsilea*. Key functions of tropophyls and sporophylls, and their role in photosynthesis and spore production, are also highlighted.

Takeaways

• 😀 The practice session today focuses on pteridophyta, or ferns, and the key objectives are to learn their classification and characteristics.
• 😀 Pteridophyta are divided into four main classes: Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, and Polypodiopsida.
• 😀 The specimens to be studied in this session represent the class Polypodiopsida, specifically Nephrolepis, Marsilea crenata, and Adiantum.
• 😀 The first specimen, Nephrolepis, has roots that are brown and scaly, resembling higher plants.
• 😀 Nephrolepis has a round, brown, rough stem that is branched and has a velvet-like texture.
• 😀 Young leaves of Nephrolepis are coiled, which is a distinctive feature of pteridophytes.
• 😀 Nephrolepis has two types of leaves: tropophyls (non-spore-bearing leaves) and sporophylls (spore-bearing leaves), with sporangia located at the edges of the sporophylls.
• 😀 The second specimen, Adiantum caudatum, has fibrous brown roots and a smooth, dark brown stem.
• 😀 Adiantum leaves are either tropophyls, which help in photosynthesis, or sporophylls, which have sporangia at the leaf margins.
• 😀 The third specimen, Marsilea crenata, has brown, rhizome-like roots and green, herbaceous stems.
• 😀 Marsilea’s leaves are round and consist of four leaflets, though no sporangia were found in this particular specimen.
• 😀 The session encourages students to observe and analyze the characteristics of the three specimens for their assignment.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the practical session on pteridophytes?

The main focus of the practical session is to help students understand the classification of pteridophytes and describe their key characteristics, including the structure and functions of different plant parts.

What are the four classes of pteridophytes mentioned in the transcript?

The four classes of pteridophytes are Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, and Polypodiopsida.

Which class of pteridophytes does the practical session focus on?

The practical session focuses on the class Polypodiopsida, which includes species like Nephrolepis, Marsilea crenata, and Adiantum.

What are the main organs observed in the Nephrolepis specimen during the practical?

In the Nephrolepis specimen, the main organs observed are the roots, stems, and leaves, with particular attention given to the coiled young leaves, tropophilous leaves, and sporophylous leaves with sporangia.

How do the roots of Nephrolepis differ from those of higher plants?

The roots of Nephrolepis are brown and fibrous, resembling the roots of higher plants.

What is a characteristic feature of the young leaves of Nephrolepis?

A characteristic feature of the young leaves of Nephrolepis is that they are coiled, which is a typical trait of pteridophytes.

What is the function of tropophilous leaves in pteridophytes?

Tropophilous leaves function primarily for photosynthesis and do not bear sporangia.

Where are sporangia found in Nephrolepis leaves?

Sporangia in Nephrolepis are located at the edges of the sporophylous leaves.

What are the key characteristics of Adiantum’s stem and leaves?

Adiantum’s stem is round, dark brown, smooth, and glossy, while the leaves have serrated edges. Some of the leaves are tropophilous (for photosynthesis), and others are sporophylous, bearing sporangia on the leaf edges.

What is unique about the leaves of Marsilea crenata?

The leaves of Marsilea crenata are unique in that they are round and consist of four leaflets. However, the specimen studied did not contain sporangiophores.

How are the roots of Marsilea crenata different from those of other pteridophytes?

The roots of Marsilea crenata are brown and form long rhizomes, differing from the fibrous roots seen in other pteridophytes like Nephrolepis.

What practical tools are used to observe the plant specimens?

The practical session uses loops to observe various parts of the plant specimens, such as the roots, stems, and leaves.