Gejala Ekstrem Perubahan Iklim

Summary

This video highlights the impacts of climate change in Indonesia, emphasizing extreme weather events like cyclones, droughts, and floods. These shifts are linked to rising temperatures, which in turn affect public health and agriculture. Diseases like dengue fever are becoming more widespread, and farmers struggle with crop failures due to unpredictable rainfall patterns. The Indonesian Meteorological Agency (BMKG) monitors these changes, revealing a steady rise in temperature and more frequent extreme weather events. The video stresses the need for climate adaptation strategies, such as climate-smart agriculture, to mitigate the effects on communities and the environment.

Takeaways

• 😀 Indonesia is experiencing the impacts of global warming, with increasing occurrences of extreme weather events like prolonged droughts and intense flooding.
• 🌍 The frequency of extreme weather events, such as El Niño and tropical cyclones, has risen significantly in recent years, indicating a clear link to climate change.
• 🌀 Cyclone Seroja, which struck Indonesia in 2021, caused massive destruction in NTT (East Nusa Tenggara), including fatalities, injuries, and extensive damage to homes and infrastructure.
• 📊 Data from BMKG (Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency) shows a rise in average temperatures and extreme rainfall events in Indonesia, with Jakarta experiencing a temperature increase of over 1°C since pre-industrial times.
• 🌡️ Global surface temperatures have risen by 1.1°C by 2021, and Indonesia's climate is showing similar trends, with an increase of around 1°C in temperature and more frequent extreme rainfall.
• 🔬 Climate change is linked to various environmental impacts, including the spread of vector-borne diseases like dengue fever, which has now affected almost every region of Indonesia.
• 🦟 Rising temperatures and increasing rainfall create ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes, leading to more frequent outbreaks of diseases like dengue, malaria, and other mosquito-borne illnesses.
• 💧 Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns are affecting agriculture, particularly crop yields, with farmers experiencing losses due to unpredictable weather, flooding, and pest outbreaks.
• 🚜 Farmers are being encouraged to adapt to climate change through initiatives like climate-smart agriculture, which helps improve their resilience to changing weather conditions.
• 🌍 The acceleration of the hydrological cycle and more frequent extreme weather events, such as heatwaves in Europe, exemplify how climate change will likely continue to escalate, impacting ecosystems, agriculture, and human health worldwide.

Q & A

What does the climate data reveal about Indonesia's climate changes?

The climate data highlights that Indonesia is experiencing global warming, with increasingly frequent extreme weather events like prolonged dry spells, El Niño conditions, and intense storms. Additionally, there is evidence of higher temperatures and more extreme rainfall events.

How has the frequency of extreme weather conditions changed in Indonesia?

Extreme weather conditions in Indonesia have become more frequent in recent years, with events like El Niño-induced droughts occurring multiple times, including in 1997 and 2015. Additionally, Indonesia has experienced tropical cyclones, like Cyclone Rojak, which used to be rare in the region.

What impact did Cyclone Rojak have on Indonesia, especially in NTT?

Cyclone Rojak had a devastating impact, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), causing strong winds, floods, landslides, and storm surges. The cyclone resulted in over 180 deaths, 115 injuries, and the destruction of thousands of homes and public facilities.

How does climate change relate to the increased occurrence of tropical cyclones near Indonesia?

Climate change has contributed to the rising sea surface temperatures globally, which in turn has led to more frequent and intense tropical cyclones near Indonesia. Studies suggest that the warming of ocean waters and the atmosphere are likely to increase the frequency of such storms.

What is the correlation between global warming and the spread of diseases in Indonesia?

Global warming has contributed to the spread of vector-borne diseases, such as dengue fever, by increasing the frequency of rainfall and the spread of stagnant water, which provides breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Warmer temperatures also accelerate the development of mosquitoes, leading to more frequent bites.

How has the incidence of dengue fever changed in Indonesia?

The incidence of dengue fever has increased significantly across Indonesia, with nearly 500 cities and regencies affected. The disease is now present in almost every region of the country, making it an endemic threat throughout the nation.

What other diseases are rising due to climate change in Indonesia?

Other diseases that are rising due to climate change include malaria, which is transmitted by mosquitoes, and diarrheal diseases, which are exacerbated by the contamination of water sources due to both floods and droughts. Additionally, respiratory infections like ISPA (acute respiratory infections) are also increasing due to worsened air quality.

How does climate change affect agriculture in Indonesia?

Climate change has caused erratic weather patterns, including intense rainfall and droughts, which negatively affect agriculture. Farmers, especially in the onion farming sector, have experienced crop failures, with excessive rain causing diseases like root and leaf rot, resulting in significant financial losses.

What measures are being taken to help farmers adapt to climate change in Indonesia?

To help farmers adapt, the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) runs 'climate field schools' to educate farmers on climate monitoring and how to interpret weather patterns. The aim is to help them adjust their farming practices to the changing climate.

What are the long-term implications of climate change for Indonesia's population?

The long-term implications include more frequent and intense natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, and storms, as well as more widespread disease outbreaks. Climate change is expected to severely impact agriculture, food security, and public health, threatening the livelihoods of many Indonesians.