Grammaire - La situation d'énonciation 3° (3AC)

Summary

This video explains the concept of enunciation in grammar, focusing on the roles of the emitter, the recipient, and the context in which a statement is produced. It distinguishes between two types of statements: those anchored in the situation of enunciation, which directly reference the emitter and recipient, and those detached from it, typically found in indirect discourse. Key indicators of time, place, and verb tenses are highlighted for each type, emphasizing the importance of understanding these concepts for effective communication.

Takeaways

• 📜 A statement (énoncé) is a written or oral message produced by an emitter for a recipient.
• 🗣️ The 'situation de dénonciation' specifies the context in which a statement is produced, including the emitter, recipient, time, and place.
• 🔍 Two types of statements are identified: anchored and disjointed.
• 🔗 An anchored statement refers directly to the situation of enunciation and requires knowledge of the context for full understanding.
• 📝 Anchored statements are typically found in direct discourse, such as dialogues, letters, or diaries.
• 👥 Personal pronouns in anchored statements are usually in the first and second person.
• ⏰ Time indicators for anchored statements include 'here,' 'today,' 'yesterday,' and 'tomorrow.'
• 🕒 Verb tenses in anchored statements are often present, passé composé, or futur simple.
• 📖 Disjointed statements do not refer back to the situation of enunciation and are commonly found in narratives.
• 🌐 Third-person pronouns are used in disjointed statements, with time indicators such as 'there,' 'that day,' and 'the following day.'

Q & A

What is the definition of a statement in the context of the transcript?

A statement is a message, either written or spoken, produced by a sender for a recipient.

What is meant by the term 'situation of enunciation'?

The situation of enunciation refers to the context in which a statement is produced, specifying the speaker (emitter), the listener (recipient), and the time and place of the message.

What are the two types of statements mentioned in the script?

The two types are statements anchored in the situation of enunciation and statements cut off from the situation of enunciation.

How can one identify a statement anchored in the situation of enunciation?

Such statements reference the context in which they were produced, and understanding them requires knowledge of the emitter, recipient, time, and place.

What is an example of direct discourse mentioned in the transcript?

In direct discourse, the words refer to the situation of enunciation of the character who pronounces them.

What distinguishes statements cut off from the situation of enunciation?

These statements do not reference the situation in which they were produced, often seen in indirect discourse where the words are incorporated into a narrative.

What pronouns are typically used in statements anchored in the situation of enunciation?

The first and second person pronouns are used in these statements.

What indicators of time and place are associated with anchored statements?

Indicators such as 'here,' 'today,' 'yesterday,' 'tomorrow' are used, along with present, compound past, or simple future verb tenses.

What pronoun is used for statements cut off from the situation of enunciation?

The third person pronoun is typically used in these statements.

What verb tenses are associated with statements cut off from the situation of enunciation?

These statements often use the imperfect, simple past, pluperfect, and present conditional tenses.