Подключение УЗО и ДИФавтоматов топ 5 ошибок.

Команда ГОСТплюс

22 Jan 202414:18

Summary

TLDRThe video discusses common mistakes when installing residual current devices in Russian homes. It explains they must be installed on all sockets used by average people and lighting in residential buildings. The host debunks myths about not using them in old homes without grounding and violating selectivity rules. He also clarifies proper sizing, recommending 10-30mA devices for human protection. The goal is increasing electrical safety awareness.

Takeaways

🔌 RCDs (Residual Current Devices) and RCBOs (Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overcurrent protection) have been widely available in the market for decades, highlighting their importance in electrical safety.
👷‍♂️ Despite the widespread use and availability of RCDs and RCBOs, not all electricians are thoroughly knowledgeable about their application, indicating a gap in professional training or awareness.
📚 There have been significant changes in regulatory documents concerning these devices, emphasizing the need for ongoing education and updates for professionals in the field.
🎓 The channel has launched masterclasses on electrical meter assembly via a paid subscription, demonstrating a commitment to professional development and education in the field.
💡 One common mistake in differential protection installation is limiting it to bathroom sockets and outdoor groups, while it's necessary for all domestic sockets up to 32 Amps and all lighting in residential and similar premises.
🏠 New regulations require RCD protection in both new and old residential buildings, reflecting an evolving understanding of electrical safety requirements.
🧐 Misconceptions about the incompatibility of RCDs in older homes without grounding are addressed, clarifying that RCD installation is not only possible but also recommended.
🔍 The importance of selective RCDs is highlighted, ensuring that the main protective device does not trip along with group devices, maintaining overall electrical integrity.
⚠️ There's a focus on the correct selection of RCD nominal values, emphasizing the distinction between devices intended for personal protection (10-30 mA) and those for equipment protection (100-300 mA).
📈 The video concludes by reiterating the importance of proper electrical safety and invites viewers to engage further through comments or a dedicated chat.

Q & A

What types of differential current devices are widely used in the market?
-Devices like residual current devices (RCDs) and circuit breakers with residual current protection have been widely used in the market for decades.
What are some common mistakes made when installing differential protection?
-Some common mistakes are only installing RCDs for bathrooms and outdoor circuits rather than all household sockets, incorrectly believing RCDs cannot be installed in old buildings without grounding, combining too many circuits under one RCD, and using incorrect current ratings for human protection.
Is it allowed to install RCDs in old buildings without grounding?
-Yes, installing RCDs in old buildings without TN-S grounding systems is not only allowed but recommended to improve electrical safety.

Outlines

00:00

🛠️ Overview of the installation of differential current protection devices

The paragraph provides an introduction to the video, stating it will cover the top 5 mistakes made when installing differential current protection devices like residual current devices (RCDs) and circuit breakers with integrated RCD. It notes that proper understanding of installing these devices is important, though even manufacturers make mistakes in promotional materials. It mentions that a high-level overview was already provided in a previous video, but updates to regulations necessitate a more thorough discussion.

05:02

❌ Mistake 1: Only installing RCDs for bathrooms and outdoor circuits

The first mistake is only installing RCDs on bathroom and outdoor sockets rather than all household sockets up to 32A used by ordinary people, as required since 2009. Lighting circuits in homes now also require RCDs. It notes builders now install RCDs throughout, indicating this is an ironclad requirement. It cites regulatory documents that require comprehensive RCD installation.

10:04

❌ Mistake 2: Not installing RCDs in old buildings without grounding

The second mistake is not installing RCDs in old buildings without grounding, based on outdated knowledge. RCDs are prohibited in TN-C-S grounding systems but old apartments use outdated two-wire systems not considered TN-C-S. Installation of even one RCD per old apartment does not cause nuisance tripping, unlike in new buildings. Regulations confirm installing RCDs in old buildings is recommended.

❌ Mistake 3: Using one RCD to protect too many circuits

The third mistake is using one RCD to protect too many circuits in an apartment, beyond the recommended 1/3 of RCD rated leakage current. This can eventually cause random tripping as cables age. A two-wire system only trips RCD for leakage to ground unlike a three-wire system which also detects leakage between live conductors, so new buildings are more prone to tripping as cables age when overloaded.

❌ Mistake 4: Not using selective RCDs at main panels

The fourth mistake is not using selective RCDs at the main panel, as required for fire safety. Standard RCDs of varying leak current are insufficient to provide selectivity, only specialized selective RCDs will work. This was covered in more detail in the first video on common mistakes.

❌ Mistake 5: Incorrect RCD rated leakage and operating currents

The fifth mistake covers incorrect selection of RCD rated leakage and operating currents. For human protection, 10-30mA leakage RCDs are used, 100-300mA only for main panels or special equipment. Operating current can match breaker rating unlike common misconception. Also sum of breakers under one RCD should not exceed its rating.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Residual-current device (RCD)

A residual-current device, also known as an RCD or GFCI, is a tool designed to quickly break an electrical circuit to prevent serious harm from an ongoing electric shock. In the video, it's mentioned as a critical safety device that's been widely available for decades and is essential for protecting against electrical faults by detecting and interrupting leakage currents. The presenter emphasizes the importance of understanding and correctly applying RCDs (УЗО in Russian) in electrical installations, highlighting common mistakes and misconceptions in their use.

💡Circuit breaker

A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit. The video discusses circuit breakers in the context of differential protection devices, illustrating their role in safeguarding electrical systems alongside RCDs and pointing out common errors in selection and installation.

💡Electrical safety

Electrical safety refers to the practices, precautions, and standards designed to prevent accidents and injuries caused by electrical systems and appliances. The video's main theme revolves around enhancing electrical safety in residential settings through the proper use of RCDs, circuit breakers, and other protective devices, stressing the necessity of widespread dissemination of correct installation practices and the recent changes in regulations.

💡Installation errors

Installation errors are mistakes made during the setup of electrical systems, particularly in the context of RCDs and circuit breakers. The video highlights the top five mistakes made during the installation of differential protection devices, aiming to educate electricians and enthusiasts on avoiding these common pitfalls to ensure the safety and reliability of electrical installations.

💡Regulatory changes

Regulatory changes refer to modifications or updates in the rules and standards governing electrical installations and safety measures. The presenter notes that recent changes in normative documents are crucial and need to be widely publicized to ensure that installations meet current safety standards, emphasizing the video's role in disseminating this vital information.

💡Grounding system

A grounding system is an electrical network designed to safely dissipate electricity from circuits into the earth to prevent electric shock. The video discusses misconceptions about the prohibition of RCD installation in older homes without grounding, clarifying that even in such settings, differential protection can be installed and is beneficial for enhancing safety.

💡TN-C system

The TN-C system is a type of electrical grounding system where the neutral and protective earth conductors are combined into a single conductor. The presenter corrects a common misunderstanding that RCDs cannot be installed in TN-C systems, explaining that many older buildings do not have this system but rather a basic two-wire setup, thus RCD installation is not only possible but recommended.

💡Selective device

A selective device in electrical engineering is designed to isolate faults in a system without disrupting the entire network. The video discusses the importance of selectivity in RCDs and circuit breakers, especially the need for fire protection devices at the home or building's entry point, and how proper selection can prevent unnecessary power outages while ensuring safety.

💡Leakage current

Leakage current refers to the flow of electrical current through unintended paths, such as the insulation or ground, instead of the intended circuit path. The video elaborates on how RCDs detect leakage currents to prevent electric shock and fire hazards, stressing the significance of this protection in both new and old residential installations.

💡Master classes

Master classes in the context of the video refer to specialized training sessions focused on assembling electrical panels, offered via paid subscription. These classes are part of the presenter's efforts to share practical knowledge and skills in electrical installations, showcasing real-life projects to illustrate the assembly process, errors to avoid, and the application of protective devices like RCDs.

Highlights

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