人到中年驚覺無儲蓄!50+才開始退休規劃, 來得及嗎?
Summary
TLDRIn this video, the host discusses the importance of starting financial planning for retirement as early as possible, emphasizing that it's never too late to start, even in one's fifties. The script covers the 4% rule for calculating retirement funds, the need to increase savings rates, and the significance of investing for retirement. It introduces three common investment strategies: growth investing, dividend investing, and index investing. The host also stresses the importance of risk management through asset allocation to ensure a comfortable retirement.
Takeaways
- 💼 Start planning for retirement as early as possible, ideally in your 20s or 30s, to take full advantage of compound interest.
- 🚀 Even if you start late, like at 50, it's still possible to save enough for retirement with disciplined financial planning over 15 years.
- 💰 Use the 4% rule to calculate your retirement savings goal, which suggests you'll need 25 times your annual expenses saved up for retirement.
- 📈 Consider inflation when planning for retirement to ensure your savings maintain their purchasing power over time.
- 💸 Increase your savings rate significantly if you're starting late, as you'll have less time to accumulate wealth.
- 💼 Look for ways to boost your income, such as taking on a part-time job or leveraging your skills for additional work.
- 🏦 Invest your savings wisely to grow your wealth faster than inflation; consider the stock market for higher returns over the long term.
- 📊 Understand different investment strategies like growth investing, dividend investing, and index investing to find the right fit for your risk tolerance and goals.
- 🌐 Diversify your investments to spread risk and protect your portfolio from market volatility.
- 🛡 Control risk by having a balanced asset allocation that includes a mix of stocks, bonds, and cash to safeguard against potential losses.
- 💪 Be prepared to learn and take an active role in your financial planning; no one will do it for you.
Q & A
At what age should one start financial planning for retirement according to the script?
-The script suggests that the earlier, the better for financial planning for retirement, but it does not specify an exact age. It discusses scenarios of people starting to plan in their twenties, thirties, and even fifties.
What is the '4% rule' mentioned in the script for retirement planning?
-The '4% rule' is a method to calculate the amount needed for retirement by taking 4% of the annual expenses one anticipates in retirement and multiplying it to find the total retirement fund needed.
How much does the script suggest one might need for retirement if they are planning to retire at 65 and want a basic living?
-The script uses the '4% rule' to calculate that if someone needs HKD 18,000 per month for retirement, they would need approximately HKD 4.5 million initially, adjusted for inflation to about HKD 6 million by the time they retire at 65.
What common mistake do people make regarding retirement savings according to the script?
-The script points out that many people either do not start saving at all or do not start investing their savings, thus failing to account for inflation which erodes the purchasing power of their money over time.
What are the three investment strategies outlined in the script?
-The script outlines three investment strategies: Growth Investing, which focuses on companies expected to grow significantly; Cash Flow Investing, which involves assets that generate stable cash flow; and Index Investing, which involves buying into broad market indices to gain exposure without having to pick individual stocks.
Why is diversification important when investing for retirement?
-Diversification is important to spread risk and avoid putting all eggs in one basket. The script mentions that even with strategies like investing in dividend stocks, one should have a diversified portfolio to mitigate the risk of selecting poor-performing assets.
What does the script suggest about the role of investment in retirement planning?
-The script emphasizes that investment is crucial for accumulating enough money for retirement, especially for those with average incomes, as savings alone may not be sufficient to keep up with inflation and provide a comfortable retirement.
How does the script address the fear of losing money in investments?
-The script acknowledges the risk associated with investments but advises that it's about managing risk rather than avoiding it. It suggests that a disciplined approach to investing, such as index investing, can help overcome short-term market volatility.
What is the significance of the S&P 500 index mentioned in the script?
-The S&P 500 index is highlighted as a reliable long-term investment option with historical average annual returns over 11% in the past 50 years and over 12% in the past decade. It represents a broad market index that many, including Warren Buffett, recommend for long-term investment.
What advice does the script give to those who are middle-aged and have not started saving for retirement?
-The script advises middle-aged individuals who have not started saving for retirement to calculate how much they will need, increase their savings rate, consider multiple income streams, and invest wisely to make up for the lost time.
Why does the script emphasize the importance of starting financial planning early?
-The script emphasizes early planning because the power of compound interest and investment returns can significantly increase the amount saved over a longer period, providing more security for retirement.
Outlines
💼 Starting Financial Planning for Retirement
The paragraph discusses the importance of starting financial planning for retirement at an early age. It poses questions about the ideal age to begin planning and reflects on common scenarios where people start planning late in life. The speaker emphasizes the benefits of early investment and the potential consequences of delaying financial planning. It also touches on the idea that even starting in one's fifties is better than not starting at all, as there is still time to save and invest before retirement. The speaker highlights common mistakes such as living paycheck to paycheck without saving and the impact of inflation on savings that are not invested.
💰 Increasing Savings and Income
This section focuses on strategies to increase savings and income, especially for those who have delayed their financial planning. It suggests increasing the savings rate by saving a larger portion of each paycheck and emphasizes the importance of both increasing income and reducing expenses. The speaker shares anecdotes about extreme saving methods and stresses that while saving is crucial, increasing income is even more important due to its higher potential. The paragraph also introduces the concept of investing as a necessary step towards building a retirement fund, contrasting the potential returns of different investment types such as fixed deposits and stocks.
📈 Investment Strategies for Retirement
The final paragraph delves into investment strategies suitable for retirement planning. It outlines three common investment approaches: growth investing, which involves investing in companies expected to grow significantly; dividend investing, focusing on assets that generate a steady cash flow; and index investing, which eliminates the risk of stock selection by investing in a broad market index. The speaker also discusses the benefits of index investing, referencing Warren Buffett's endorsement of this method. The importance of risk management through asset allocation is highlighted, suggesting a balanced approach to investing that includes safer assets to mitigate potential losses during market downturns.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Retirement Planning
💡Investment
💡Financial Planning
💡Inflation
💡Compound Interest
💡4% Rule
💡Savings Rate
💡Asset Allocation
💡Growth Investing
💡Dividend Investing
💡Index Investing
Highlights
The importance of starting financial planning for retirement early.
Many people do not start financial planning for retirement until middle age or later.
Even starting financial planning at 50 is better than not starting at all.
The 4% rule is a method to calculate how much money is needed for retirement.
The calculation of retirement funds should consider inflation rates.
The lack of a savings habit is a common mistake that prevents people from accumulating retirement funds.
Saving money without investing can lead to the erosion of purchasing power due to inflation.
The urgency of starting financial planning for retirement in middle age.
Calculating the exact amount needed for retirement is the first step towards planning.
Increasing savings rate is crucial when starting to save for retirement in middle age.
Both increasing income and reducing expenses are important for saving money.
Investing is essential for accumulating enough money for retirement.
The difference between saving in fixed deposits and investing in the stock market.
Three common investment methods: Growth, Income, and Index investing.
The benefits and risks of Growth investing in the stock market.
Income investing through dividend stocks and the importance of diversification.
Index investing as a low-risk, long-term strategy recommended by investment gurus like Warren Buffett.
The historical performance of S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100 index funds.
The importance of risk management and asset allocation in investment strategy.
The necessity of continuous learning and effort in personal finance.
The final call to action for middle-aged individuals to start planning for retirement urgently.
Transcripts
大家好,又是我維尼姐Step by Step
我想問你覺得多少歲開始
就要為退休作出一個理財規劃呢?
20歲?30歲?還是40歲之後?
那我想問一下
閣下又是多少歲開始為退休而作出理財規劃呢?
說真的,人人都知道投資理財越早開始越好
但有多少人在二十多歲的時候
就已經開始為退休而作出理財呢?
不要說二十多歲
去到四十多五十歲
都還沒認真開始為退休而作出任何規劃
其實大有人在
今天這個題目就是
人到中年,驚覺自己竟然一點積蓄都沒有
人到五十歲才開始規劃退休
究竟還能趕不趕得及呢?
五十歲才開始來理財?
你比起二三十歲已經懂得理財的人
你當然是輸了
你輸了很多時間
不過,幸好就是
其實五十多歲又不算是真的很老
如果你想著六十五歲退休
你還有十五年時間去準備
視乎你對退休生活的要求有多高
只要你好好利用這十五年的時間
嚴謹地去執行你的理財規劃的話
我相信是絕對夠時間去儲錢去準備退休的
人到中年,打工打了幾十年
一點錢都儲不到
當然有千百萬種原因
不過很多時候,有很多人都是犯上了一個共同的錯誤
就是沒有理財的習慣
我身邊有些朋友,真的一點理財習慣都沒有
平日就是賺多少,花多少
最重要就是今天開心就行了
從來都不會計劃明天的
這種人因為完全不理財
所以怎會有錢剩下
到他退休的時候
就要看父母有沒有錢剩下給他
沒有錢剩下的就等政府養
但是我認識有些人,平日生活就很節儉
有錢就儲起來了
把錢放在銀行那裡
定期升高的時候就做定期
沒有升的時候就放在活期存款戶口
從來都不投資
所以一元都沒虧錢
儲了幾十年
但是發現自己的資產為什麼好像沒怎麼升值
因為這些人雖然有理財
但是用錯方法
他忽視了這個世界上有一樣東西叫做通貨膨脹
物價越來越貴
你放在銀行收到利息根本追不上物價的升幅
其實你的錢放在銀行一直被通脹蠶食
所以自己的錢的消費力就一直在下跌
因為用錯了理財的方法
所以這種人死坑死底
最後都是儲不夠錢退休的
總之儲不到錢去退休的話
可以有千百萬種原因
如果人到中年才現在醒覺
發現哎呀死了不夠錢退休
我現在才來理財趕不趕得及
其實都沒說趕不趕得及
你現在不去做就一定趕不及
接下來我就會step by step
逐點逐點講一下
究竟我們人到中年現在才開始規劃退休
可以做些什麼呢
第一步要做的事
首先你要計算一下自己退休要多少錢
很多人都不知道退休要多少錢
坊間經常有很多調查
說香港人退休要多少錢
他說要七百萬就七百萬
其實退休要多少錢
不是隨便說一個數出來的
是真的有方法可以計算的
有一個叫做4%法則
很多人就會用這個方法來計算自己退休要多少錢
4%法則就是1990年代
由一個美國財務規劃師研究出來的
現在我們就試一下用這個4%法則
去計算一下退休之後要多少錢
首先就計算一下退休之後
你每個月的花費是多少
假如你想著第二天退休的時候
萬元過基本退休生活就夠了
一年就是十八萬
除了4%就是四百五十萬
這四百五十萬就是你退休要的錢
十五年之後這四百五十萬
你按每年大約2%的通脹率
即是說到你65歲的時候
你就要儲到六百萬
那就夠錢退休了
只要你能夠保持著你的資產
按通脹增長的話
你日後就可以每年拿4%的資金出來用
就可以持續用足幾十年了
六百多萬?
阿維尼姐我真的儲不了這麼多錢
我相信大部分人去到中年
沒有可能一些積蓄都沒有
那你的強積金也有一筆錢吧
把你的強積金的錢計算下去
那你還欠多少錢才有六百萬呢
其實大家又不需要說
看到那個退休金額計出來
說很驚人 嚇壞我儲不了
那就不要因為這樣就放棄
因為還有十五年時間支持退休
所以仍然有很多未知之數
而你計算出來的這個退休金額
可以作為一個參考指標
起碼你有了一個明確的退休需要金額
你就有一個更加清晰的目標
知道自己現在欠多少錢
你就可以朝著這個方向
朝著這個目標努力進發
第二步要做的事就是積極去儲錢
人到中年才開始去儲錢退休
你以前已經浪費了太多時間
所以現在你不能夠怠慢
你一定要加大你的儲蓄率
就是說每個月你一出糧
就要將大部分的錢儲起來
要儲多點錢只有兩個因素影響
就是收入和開支
一是增加你的收入
一是就減少你的開支
說到減少開支
很多人都很厲害的
可以有層出不窮各種的省錢大法
好像我公司以前有一個舊同事
真是省錢達人
他說自己每個月的薪金
一出糧之後就上繳給他老婆
然後他老婆每個星期給他零用錢
來逼他儲錢
有一次我見到我這個同事
帶了四個尿袋回公司
在公司充電
他說省回家裡的電費
不知道可以省多少電費
還有因為公司8點鐘過後開OT的話
可以批准飯錢
所以這位同事就經常開OT
順便拿飯錢
都頗佩服他的恆心和毅力
省錢固然重要
但省錢是有上限的
你每個月的薪金只有2萬元的話
怎麼省都省不到3萬元出來
所以增加收入比起省錢更加重要
如果你發覺你每個月扣除了必要的開始之後
根本是儲不到錢
或者是儲到很少錢的話
那怎麼辦呢
你就真的要認真去面對這個問題
例如你可能要找多一份兼職
又或者你自己有沒有一些的興趣和技能
可以發展到正職以外的一些工作
令到你可以增加收入
無論如何怎樣也好
總之你發現你自己根本是收入是不夠
令到你儲不到錢的話
你就要想方法
不可以就這樣坐在這裡聽天由命的
你一定要去走出這一步
去嘗試找方法增加收入
人到中年
你還有市場價值去賺錢
但是去到60多歲的時候
更退休之年
你就更加難去賺多一點錢
第三樣要做的事就是投資
其實投資真的非常重要
除非你本身的收入非常高
否則作為一般的打工仔
扣除了生活的必需開支
每個月可以儲到的錢不是很多
如果不靠投資的話
可能一輩子都儲不到錢退休
剛才我們計算過
基本退休的話
15年後都要600萬
假如大家現在50歲
65歲退休的話
這15年裡面
究竟我們每個月要儲多少錢
才可以儲到600萬
就視乎你儲的錢
投資在什麼地方
如果你說我只是喜歡做定期
如果做定期的話
現在定期息都有3厘息
但是大家記不記得
08年金融風暴的時候
定期息差不多十幾年
都是不夠1厘息
COVID那時候定期息
只有0.5厘
所以如果你做定期的話
不是永遠都有3厘息
現在我假設用3厘的複式回報去計
你每個月要儲26500元
15年時間大約可以儲到600萬
但是如果投資進去
高一些回報的產品
例如股票市場
假如每年的回報率有10%
你每個月只需要儲15000元
同樣都是15年時間
你就可以儲到600萬
投資還是不投資
其實就要看時間的長短
如果時間短的話
那就做定期買一下債券算了
例如你是1至5年之內
就會退休
那些錢是要拿出來用的話
你就不要承受任何的波動風險
最好就是買一下債券做定期
但是現在我們說15年之後才退休
15年期間這些錢是不會想著動的
所以這些錢最好就是投進去股票市場
利用股市的複式回報的威力
去累積你的資產
接下來我就很簡單的介紹一下
市場上最多人採用的三種投資法
第一種就是叫做增長型投資法
買入一些吃正市場趨勢
將會大幅增長的企業
例如是一些科技股
又能夠在這些股價被低估的時候
一早買入的話
真的可以短短幾年時間裏面
為你帶來數以倍計的回報
NVIDIA 99年上市至今25年
股價升了差不多2000倍
至於TESLA由2010年上市至今
14年股價升了幾百倍
但是增長型投資法
除了你要有好的投資眼光
懂得選股之外
你還要承受這些股價的大上大落
不是人人都頂得住的
第二種就是叫做現金流投資法
就是專門投資入去一些
可以為你產生穩定現金流的資產
包括買樓收租
買收息股
借券等等
現金流對於退休長者來說是很重要的
所以很多人喜歡買收息股
作為退休的準備
但是買收息股也有風險
就是有選錯股份的風險
尤其是你想著拿著那隻股票
是幾十年收息的話
你很難確保一家企業可以一生都不變質
所以買收息股必須要有一個
多樣化的收息組合
不可以只得那幾隻持股
你可能就需要拿著多隻的收息股
才能夠幫你分散到風險
第三種的投資法就叫做指數投資法
也就是說買入整個市場不需要選股
所以不會有選錯股的風險
選指數ETF除了管理費要低之外
一定要選一些市場要夠大
覆蓋的股份要夠多
以及市場要有實力
很多投資大師都是積極地提倡
和推崇指數投資法
其中巴菲特就是不遺餘力
他經常都叫一般的散戶投資者
定時定額去買入S&P500指數的ETF
只要透過嚴謹的紀律
你就可以戰勝股市短期的波幅
長線來說你一定會贏的
巴菲特曾經說過
如果有一個十年期的投資選擇
買一個十年期的債券好
還是買S&P500指數然後持續十年
他說他一秒鐘就可以作出決定
買S&P500指數
巴菲特就表示
他說在他去世之後
他會將大部分的遺產留給他太太
而且建議要投資S&P500指數的ETF
因為巴菲特認為
這個比起選擇個別的股份風險又低
而且能夠提供一個長期穩定的收入方法
S&P500指數過去50年來
平均年回報率超過11%
過去10年來回報率更加超過12%
代表的ETF包括SPY,VO,IVV等等
另一個大型的指數就是納斯達克100指數
納斯達克100指數是1985年成立
所以歷史數據不算太長
代表的ETF就是QQQ
它是追蹤納斯達交易所上市
市值最大100間企業
成份股都是以科技股為主
所以很多人都視QQQ為一隻科技股的ETF
QQQ在過去10年裏面
平均年回報率差不多有20%
對於很多追求高增長的投資者來說
QQQ是非常受歡迎
目前資產規模已經達到2000多億
大型股災在過去趨勢來說
平均10年就發生一次
至於小型股價調整幾乎幾年就發生一次
但長期來說股市都是向上
指數投資就是假設大市長期上升
只要時間夠長就可以
所以投資指數ETF
投資時間最少要有10年時間
如果你時間短的話相對的風險就會增加
一講到投資有些人就會覺得
買股票我虧了錢怎麼辦
你給我
如果你是這樣想的話
可能你真的不適合投資股市
或者你繼續做定期就比較適合你
其實人生路上每一種的抉擇都是風險
是講機會成本
我們是不可能完全迴避風險
但我們可以做到的就是控制風險
理財規劃不可以只講投資
還有一樣是非常非常重要
就是控制風險
要懂得控制風險就一定要做資產配置
也就是說不要全買一件東西
尤其是股票你不可以100%持貨
你一定要保留一些資金
包括做定期或者現金或者債券
這些我們形容叫做安全的資產
在股市大升的時候
雖然你不能夠賺到最多
但在股市大跌的時候
你也不會輸得太多
這個世界是要付出才有收成的
投資都是要自己學習的
沒有人無緣無故會送錢進你的手袋
看你是否願意走出這一步
如果人到中年你都儲不夠錢退休的話
最起碼你一定要做好自己的工作
努力工作努力儲錢
為退休之前作出最後的衝刺
好 今天就跟大家說到這裡
拜拜
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