O que é a histeria hoje? | Christian Dunker | Falando nIsso 54

Summary

This YouTube video explores hysteria from a psychoanalytic perspective, discussing its historical significance and Freud's investigation into its symptoms. It highlights how hysteria has evolved and is now categorized differently in the DSM-5, with conditions like somatoform disorders and panic disorders taking its place. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding hysteria to grasp the social and psychological underpinnings of suffering and its manifestation in today's society.

Takeaways

• 📚 Hysteria was a significant diagnostic paradigm in psychoanalysis, investigated by Freud to understand unconscious processes, symbolism of symptoms, and the importance of childhood experiences and trauma.
• 🔍 Freud's initial concept of hysteria has evolved; what was once considered hysteria now encompasses various disorders like paranoia, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and somatoform disorders.
• 👩‍⚕️ Elisabeth Zetzel in the 1960s identified four subtypes of hysteria: depressive, somatic, infantilizing, and those related to historical 'madness', indicating a shift in diagnostic thinking.
• 📉 Hysteria was officially removed from the DSM-5 diagnostic manual, reflecting a fragmentation of the term into more specific disorders since 1973.
• 🌐 The concept of hysteria has been replaced by a range of disorders including depression, somatoform disorders like fibromyalgia, panic disorder, factitious disorders, histrionic personality disorder, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, and narcissistic and borderline personality disorders.
• 👥 Hysteria affects both men and women, but cultural, familial, and social power structures influence its manifestation and perception.
• 🤔 The importance of hysteria in contemporary discussions lies in its ability to prompt reflection on the genesis and ordering of symptoms, and their social and psychological context.
• 🌟 Hysteria challenges the notion of suffering as an individualized, decontextualized phenomenon, emphasizing the social bonds and relational aspects of distress.
• 📚 The script suggests that revisiting the psychoanalytic concept of hysteria can offer critical insights into current forms of suffering and their societal implications.
• 📖 For further reading on hysteria's evolution and its relation to gender and societal roles, the script recommends the work organized by Pedro Ambar and Nelson Silva Jr., particularly the chapter 'Hysteria and Gender: Sex as a Missed Encounter'.

Q & A

What is hysteria according to the script?

Hysteria is a historical diagnostic paradigm in psychoanalysis, originally investigated by Freud to uncover aspects of the unconscious, symbolic determination of symptoms, the importance of memory, and the impact of childhood experiences and trauma.

How has the concept of hysteria evolved since Freud's time?

The concept of hysteria has evolved significantly. Freud's initial texts grouped what we now consider different disorders under hysteria. By the 1960s, Elisabeth Zetzel had identified four subtypes of hysteria, and by the time of the DSM-5, hysteria was removed as a diagnostic category.

What are the four subtypes of hysteria mentioned in the script?

The four subtypes of hysteria are: depressive, related to physical suffering with many somatizations, linked to depression, and associated with infantilization, characterized by very sweet and submissive personalities.

Why was hysteria removed from the DSM-5?

Hysteria was removed from the DSM-5 because it was becoming an uncomfortable diagnostic entity. It was fragmented into numerous other smaller disorders such as depression, somatoform disorders, panic disorder, factitious disorders, histrionic personality disorder, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, and narcissistic personality disorder.

How does hysteria manifest in today's society according to the script?

Today, hysteria is not diagnosed as such but its manifestations can be seen in various disorders that were previously categorized under hysteria. It is important to understand the genesis and ordering of symptoms within a social context.

What is the significance of hysteria in understanding human suffering?

Hysteria is significant because it forces us to think about the origin of symptoms and their arrangement. It helps us understand the social ties and why suffering occurs in relation to others, rather than being solely a chemical or individualized mental issue.

Why is it important not to reduce hysteria to individualized mental chemistry?

Reducing hysteria to individual mental chemistry ignores the social context and relationships that contribute to suffering. It's important to consider the broader social and cultural factors that influence the manifestation of symptoms.

What does the script suggest about the role of gender in hysteria?

The script suggests that hysteria is reconceptualized when considering different gender relations, body relations, and social roles of women. It implies that the understanding of hysteria needs to evolve with changing societal views on gender and desire.

What is the recommended reading for a deeper understanding of hysteria according to the script?

The script recommends a work organized by Pedro Ambar and Nelson Silva Jr, which includes a chapter titled 'Hysteria and Gender: Sex as a Missed Encounter,' discussing how hysteria is redefined with changing gender relations.

How can the concept of hysteria help in understanding contemporary forms of suffering?

The concept of hysteria can help in understanding contemporary forms of suffering by providing a framework to analyze the social and psychological factors behind symptoms, rather than just focusing on individual biological or mental aspects.

What is the main message of the script regarding the discussion of hysteria?

The main message is that hysteria, despite being removed as a diagnostic term, still serves as a critical concept to understand the social and psychological aspects of suffering, and to avoid reducing human distress to individualized, decontextualized issues.

Outlines

00:00

🧠 Understanding Hysteria

The paragraph delves into the concept of hysteria from a psychoanalytic perspective, highlighting its historical significance in Freud's work and its evolution over time. It discusses how hysteria was initially a broad diagnostic category that encompassed various forms of mental suffering, including what we now recognize as paranoia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other neuroses. The speaker also mentions Elisabeth Zetzel's work from the 1960s, which identified four subtypes of hysteria: depressive, somatic, infantilizing, and those linked to rebellious behavior. The paragraph concludes by noting the removal of hysteria as a diagnostic entity from the DSM-5, replaced by more specific disorders such as depression, somatoform disorders, panic disorder, factitious disorders, histrionic personality disorder, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, and narcissistic personality disorder.

05:02

🌐 The Social Relevance of Hysteria

This paragraph explores the continued relevance of hysteria as a concept, even though it has been removed from the DSM-5. It emphasizes the importance of hysteria in understanding the genesis and ordering of symptoms, as well as the social context in which suffering occurs. The speaker argues that hysteria challenges the notion of suffering as an individualized, internal problem and instead frames it as a social phenomenon related to our relationships with others. The paragraph suggests that hysteria can be used to critique the way society often individualizes suffering, encouraging a return to a psychoanalytic understanding of hysteria that considers the social and gender dynamics at play. The speaker recommends a work organized by Pedro Ambar and Nelson Silva Jr., which discusses how hysteria is redefined in the context of changing gender relations and societal roles.

Keywords

💡Hysteria

Hysteria is a term historically used in psychoanalysis to describe a set of symptoms that were thought to originate from emotional or psychological causes. In the video, hysteria is discussed as a diagnostic category that has evolved over time. It was initially investigated by Freud to understand unconscious processes, symbolism in symptoms, and the impact of childhood experiences and trauma. The script indicates that hysteria has been 'inflated' in Freud's early texts, encompassing what we now recognize as various forms of neurosis.

💡Freud

Sigmund Freud is the founder of psychoanalysis, and his work is central to the discussion of hysteria in the video. Freud's theories on hysteria were foundational in understanding the unconscious mind and the symbolic nature of symptoms. The script mentions that Freud's early texts on hysteria have been broadened to include a range of conditions that would now be classified differently.

💡Elisabeth Zetzel

Elisabeth Zetzel is mentioned as a psychoanalyst from the 1960s who contributed to the understanding of hysteria. She is noted for suggesting that hysteria was becoming an uncomfortable diagnostic entity and proposed four subtypes of hysteria, including depressive, somatic, infantilizing, and those related to what was historically termed 'hysterical madness.'

💡DSM-5

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is a classification system used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental disorders. The script explains that hysteria has been excluded from the DSM-5, which reflects a shift in how mental health conditions are categorized and understood.

💡Somatic Symptom Disorder

Somatic Symptom Disorder is a condition characterized by physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by a general medical condition. In the context of the video, it is one of the disorders that have emerged as hysteria has been reclassified. The script connects somatic symptom disorder with the historical concept of hysteria, highlighting the ongoing relevance of the concept in understanding physical manifestations of psychological distress.

💡Conversion Disorder

Conversion Disorder, also known as functional neurological symptom disorder, is a condition where psychological stress leads to physical symptoms affecting the nervous system. The video script uses this term to illustrate how certain physical manifestations, such as pain or loss of bodily function, were historically grouped under hysteria.

💡Factitious Disorder

Factitious Disorder is a mental health condition in which a person acts as if they have a physical or mental illness when they are not really sick. The script mentions Munchausen syndrome as an example, where individuals may fabricate or induce illness in themselves or others to assume the sick role. This concept is tied to the discussion of hysteria as it relates to the creation and maintenance of symptoms.

💡Histrionic Personality Disorder

Histrionic Personality Disorder is characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. The video script discusses this disorder as a modern manifestation of what was historically considered hysterical behavior, particularly the need for drama and attention.

💡Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative Disorders involve a disconnection or breakdown of a person's thoughts, memory, identity, or perception of reality. The script relates these disorders to hysteria by highlighting the historical association with memory loss or altered states of consciousness, which were once considered hysterical symptoms.

💡Eating Disorders

Eating Disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, are serious conditions that involve abnormal or disturbed eating habits. The video script connects these disorders to hysteria by discussing how they can be seen as modern expressions of the psychological distress that was historically categorized under hysteria.

💡Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Narcissistic Personality Disorder is characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance and a need for admiration. The video script suggests that this disorder, along with others like Borderline Personality Disorder, could have been considered hysterical conditions in the past, reflecting the fluidity of diagnostic categories over time.

💡Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder is a mental health disorder marked by a pattern of unstable moods, behavior, and relationships. The script indicates that this disorder, like others, was once part of the broader category of hysteria, emphasizing the historical and evolving nature of psychiatric diagnoses.

Highlights

Hysteria is a complex paradigm that was a major focus of psychoanalysis, investigated by Freud to understand the unconscious mind, symbolism of symptoms, and the importance of childhood experiences and trauma.

Freud's early texts on hysteria encompassed what we now call paranoia, obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and other conditions.

In the 1960s, Elisabeth Zetzel argued that hysteria as a diagnostic entity was becoming uncomfortable for psychoanalysts and identified four subtypes of hysteria.

The four subtypes of hysteria include depressive, somatization-related, infantilization, and those linked to what was historically termed 'hysterical madness'.

Hysteria has been largely replaced in the DSM-5 by other diagnoses such as depression, somatoform disorders, panic disorder, and factitious disorders.

Hysteria can manifest in both men and women, though cultural and social factors may influence its expression.

The concept of hysteria is important for understanding the genesis and ordering of symptoms, not just their occurrence.

Hysteria challenges the notion of suffering as an individualized, decontextualized phenomenon and emphasizes the social context of suffering.

The concept of hysteria invites a critical return to understanding suffering in relation to societal structures and power dynamics.

Hysteria can be reconceptualized in light of changing gender relations, body perceptions, and social roles, especially with regards to women.

The book 'Histeria e Gênero: o sexo como um desencontro' discusses how hysteria is redefined with new gender relations and societal roles.

The speaker recommends the work organized by Pedro Ambar and Nelson Silva Jr. for a deeper understanding of hysteria today.

The concept of hysteria is still relevant for understanding the social and psychological aspects of suffering in contemporary society.

The speaker emphasizes the importance of not falling into the trap of viewing suffering as an individual's private issue disconnected from social context.

The discussion highlights the evolution of the concept of hysteria and its relevance in understanding mental health in the context of societal changes.

Transcripts

Bem vindos ao nosso canal no youtube com Falando  Nisso de hoje e a pergunta de Débora Lázaro "o que é,  

afinal, a histeria e como ela se manifesta no nosso  tempo?" histeria é um grande paradigma né diagnóstico  

para a psicanálise no fundo foi uma forma de  sofrimento que o Freud investigou pra descobrir  

uma série de coisas, de visão do sujeito, inconsciente, a  determinação simbólica dos sintomas, a importância  

da memória, a importância de experiências infantis,  a importância do trauma, mas se a gente olha no  

Freud essa categoria é um pouco inflacionada  né, os primeiros textos que ele chama de histeria  

compreenderiam o que hoje a gente chama assim de  paranóia compreenderia uma partida da neurose  

obsessiva, compreenderia uma série de outros  quadros, já na década de 60 uma psicanalísta

chamada Elisabeth Zetzel mostrou que a histeria  no fundo já estava se tornando deconfortável para os  

psicanalistas enquanto entidade diagnóstica,  ela dizia no fundo a gente tem quatro subtipos da histeria  

um subtipo depressivo, um subtipo que está  ligado à aos sofrimentos corporais né então  

com muitas somatizações, conversões, dores, anestesias  problemática ligada ao corpo, outra ligado então a  

depressão, outra ligada a infantilização né, as  personalidades muito dóceis, muitos subservientes, e  

outra quarto subtipo seria as histerias  ligadas ao que antes chamava de loucura histérica 

né que são quadros assim de insubordinação, de  confronto com a lei, de insurreição e que  

tinham um destino muito trágico se é que hoje  tem um outro lugar social, como ela se  

manifesta então nosso tempo? então falei do Freud, falei dos anos 60 e hoje, hoje a histeria ela foi  

excluída do manual diagnóstico estatístico DSM-5  né isso aconteceu há principalmente a partir  

de 1973 né com a fragmentação do que chamava  de histeria em inúmeros outros quadros menores  

né, então depressão, transtornos somatoformes  como fibromialgia com dores crônicas, síndrome do  

pânico né os ataques de pânico elas tem uma relação  com que o Freud chamava de neurose de angústia que era  

um quadro associado com a histeria, os transtornos  factícios que são aqueles tipo munchausen  

a mãe que precisa ter um filho que está doente,  que permanece doente, que cria doenças no filho

que inclusive simula doenças em si e no filho, síndrome de munchausen por procuração ou em si mesmo na sua forma mais  

simples, a personalidade histriônica ou pessoa que está teatralizando, que que precisa chamar a atenção o  

tempo todo, que é hiper afetavel, extremamente  sensível né os transtornos dissociativos  

aqueles em quem que há perda brutal de memória ou de  uma parte da lembrança, esquecimento de infância  

ou de um período inteiro dá na vida da pessoa,  transtornos do pânico, transtornos de alimentação  

como anorexia, como a bulimia, transtornos narcisicos,  personalidade borderline todos esses quadros  

eles poderiam então ser descritos 50/100 anos  atrás como como quadros histéricos, uma coisa que  

fique clara a histeria acontece igualmente em homens  e em mulheres, se há uma diferença é uma diferença  

responsiva a fatores assim culturais, organização  da família, organização do poder, o tipo de identificação  

prevalente, economia gozo, tudo isso que  se transforma com o tempo mas hoje a gente  

poderia perguntar assim mas então para que serve a  gente falar em histeria? já que são tantos outros  

quadros mais simples que a gente pode então ver  e são visíveis e etc, justamente por isso, uma um  

fator importantíssimo na histeria é que ele é um  quadro que faz a gente pensar na génese dos sintomas

no ordenamento dos sintomas, porque que as coisas  acontecem assim e não só que elas acontecem  

com presença num determinado sujeito, porque há um  problema de sono depois um problema de alimentação daí

uma depressão daí a angústia daí uma conversão  né, porque isso acontece numa determinada ordem  

porque isso acontece num determinado contexto,  porque isso tem que ver com a forma como a  

gente fala de nós mesmos e não simplesmente são  comportamentos objectivaveis né como uma doença  

propriamente dita ou seja a histeria diz respeito a toda uma lógica de como pensar o sujeito a partir  

dessa hipóteses que é a sua divisão e a presença  do inconsciente, a histeria serve pra que? serve  

pra gente extorcizar o nosso sofrimento, serve pra  gente não subordinar o nosso sofrimento á uma  

determinação que da qual estaríamos vamos dizer assim desresponsabilizados, serve para a gente entender os  

laços sociais e porque o sofrimento se da na relação  com o outro e não na química mental ou no  

caldeirão de representações desempenho individualizado que caracteriza justamente a nossa época né, a nossa 

época quer que você sofra assim, como um problema que  diz respeito a você, o seu interior sua vida íntima  

e só assunto seu não caia nesse truque, todas essas formas  de sofrimento elas podem ser redescritas

com um retorno crítico ao conceito psicanalítico de  histeria. Se você tem interesse de aprofundar essa  

matéria histeria hoje eu vou recomendar esse trabalho  organizado pelo Pedro Ambar e Nelson Silva Jr na  

qual tem um capítulo chama-se "Histeria e Gênero: o  sexo como um desencontro" então vai falar de como a  

histeria ela se reformula completamente quando a  gente tem uma outra relação de gênero quando a gente tem uma  

outra relação ao corpo, quando muda o papel social  da mulher, quando a nossa relação com o desejo  

com o gozo, com a angústia se reformula nas  nossas novas formas de vida, da editora nVersos recomendo.

Para receber então falando nisto toda quarta e domingo inscreva-se no nosso canal peace.