Learners With Physical Disabilities
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script discusses typology of learners, focusing on students with physical disabilities. It covers four major categories of physical disabilities: visual impairment, hearing impairment, speech impairment, and multiple physical impairments. The script provides detailed explanations of each type, including common conditions and strategies for educators to support these students effectively. It emphasizes the importance of inclusive education and early intervention, ensuring that students with physical disabilities have access to quality learning experiences.
Takeaways
- 𧩠Physical disabilities affect an individual's movement, posture, grasping, communication, eating, and reflexes.
- π Inclusive education has been introduced to help students with physical disabilities access learning opportunities.
- π Visual impairment encompasses a range of conditions from complete blindness to legal blindness, including hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and color blindness.
- π Hearing impairments can be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed, and may be pre-lingual or post-lingual, affecting a person's ability to hear or understand sounds.
- π£οΈ Speech impairments involve difficulties with speech sounds, fluency, or voice, impacting communication and educational performance.
- π Learning strategies for visual impairments include using visual aids, ensuring suitable lighting, and increasing oral activities.
- π§ Strategies for hearing impairments involve using assistive listening devices, minimizing background noise, and providing supplementary materials.
- π¬ For speech impairments, collaboration with speech-language pathologists and the use of assistive technology are key.
- π€ Multiple physical impairments require a tailored approach, considering each student's unique set of skills, strengths, and learning needs.
- π§ Teachers should use assistive technology and provide related services in the classroom to support students with multiple physical impairments.
- π± Early intervention services are crucial for children with disabilities to help them develop mobility, speech, and other skills.
Q & A
What is the main topic of the video script?
-The main topic of the video script is about typology of learners with physical disabilities, specifically focusing on visual impairment, hearing impairment, speech impairments, and multiple physical impairments.
What are the challenges faced by individuals with physical disabilities in accessing education?
-Individuals with physical disabilities may face challenges such as problems with movement, posture, grasping objects, communication, eating, and reflexed movement, which can hinder their ability to access and engage with the world of learning or education.
What is visual impairment and what are its types?
-Visual impairment refers to any kind of vision loss that causes problems with seeing, ranging from complete blindness to legal blindness. Types include hyperopia (farsightedness), myopia (nearsightedness), astigmatism, color blindness, retinopathy of prematurity, macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, cataract, amblyopia (lazy eye), strabismus (cross-eye), and coloboma.
What strategies can be applied to support students with visual impairments in learning?
-Strategies include encouraging the use of visual aids, ensuring suitable lighting, using enlarged print materials, providing clear verbal explanations alongside visual materials, and increasing oral activities.
How is hearing impairment defined and what are its types?
-Hearing impairment is defined as a hearing loss that makes it difficult to hear or understand sounds. It can range from deafness to partial hearing loss. Types include conductive loss, sensorineural loss, and mixed loss.
What are the common causes of hearing impairment?
-Causes of hearing impairment can include a gradual build-up of earwax, ear infections, abnormal growths or tumors, ruptured eardrums, and damage to the inner ear.
What learning strategies can be applied for students with hearing impairments?
-Learning strategies for students with hearing impairments include using assistive listening devices, minimizing background noise, repeating questions clearly, being mindful of facial obstructions, providing supplementary materials, and allowing for in-depth study of fewer texts.
What is speech impairment and what are its general categories?
-Speech impairment is a disorder affecting speech sounds, fluency, or voice that interferes with communication. Categories include fluency disorders, voice disorders, and articulation disorders.
How can teachers support students with speech impairments?
-Teachers can support students with speech impairments by collaborating with speech-language pathologists, using assistive technology, and employing alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) methods such as sign language.
What is meant by multiple physical impairments?
-Multiple physical impairments refer to having more than one physical disability, such as a combination of intellectual disability, blindness, and conditions like autism and cerebral palsy.
What are some tips for teachers addressing students with multiple physical impairments?
-Tips include understanding each student's unique set of skills and needs, making substantial modifications and accommodations, allowing partial participation in activities, using assistive technology, practicing and reinforcing learning tasks, and supporting related services in the classroom.
Outlines
π Understanding Visual Impairments
This paragraph introduces the topic of physical disabilities with a focus on visual impairments. It defines physical disabilities and explains how they can affect an individual's daily life, particularly in the context of education. The paragraph then delves into the specifics of visual impairments, defining them as conditions that affect an individual's ability to see. It outlines various types of visual impairments, including hyperopia (farsightedness), myopia (nearsightedness), astigmatism, color blindness, retinopathy of prematurity, macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Each type is briefly explained, highlighting the impact on vision and, in some cases, the potential causes.
ποΈβπ¨οΈ Addressing Hearing Impairments
The second paragraph shifts focus to hearing impairments, which are defined as difficulties in hearing or understanding sounds. It discusses the broad range of hearing losses, from mild to profound deafness. The paragraph categorizes hearing impairments into conductive loss, sensorineural loss, and mixed loss, each affecting the auditory system differently. It also introduces the concepts of pre-lingual and post-lingual hearing impairments, which refer to the timing of when hearing loss occurs relative to language development. The paragraph concludes by mentioning common causes of hearing impairments, such as earwax buildup, ear infections, and damage to the inner ear.
π£οΈ Tackling Speech Impairments
This paragraph discusses speech impairments, which are disorders affecting the fluency, sounds, or voice that can hinder communication and educational performance. It outlines three main types of speech impairments: fluency disorders, voice disorders, and articulation disorders. Fluency disorders are characterized by irregular speech patterns, while voice disorders involve issues with the quality or pitch of the voice. Articulation disorders are related to the incorrect production of speech sounds. The paragraph also touches on the causes of these impairments, such as brain injuries, developmental issues, and physical anomalies. It emphasizes the importance of educational professionals, including speech-language pathologists, in providing services to students with speech impairments.
π€² Navigating Multiple Physical Impairments
The fourth paragraph addresses the complexities of multiple physical impairments, where an individual may have more than one type of disability. It uses the story of Sharon, a child with an intellectual disability, mobility issues, and speech impairment, to illustrate the challenges faced by such individuals. The paragraph discusses the causes of multiple physical impairments, including chromosomal abnormalities, premature birth, infections, and genetic disorders. It also provides tips for teachers on how to support students with multiple physical impairments, emphasizing the importance of understanding each student's unique set of skills, strengths, and learning needs.
π Strategies for Inclusive Education
The final paragraph offers strategies for educators to support students with physical disabilities in the classroom. It suggests substantial modifications and accommodations to help these students access the curriculum effectively. The paragraph also advocates for partial participation in activities, the use of assistive technology, and the reinforcement of learning through practice and feedback. It highlights the importance of related services such as speech therapy and occupational therapy, which can be integrated into the classroom routine to support students' learning. The paragraph concludes by expressing hope that the video has provided valuable insights into educating students with physical disabilities.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Physical Disabilities
π‘Visual Impairment
π‘Hearing Impairment
π‘Speech Impairments
π‘Inclusive Education
π‘Assistive Technology
π‘Multiple Physical Impairments
π‘Early Intervention
π‘Related Services
π‘Accommodations
Highlights
Introduction to the topic of typology of learners, focusing on special needs learners with physical disabilities.
Definition of physical disabilities and their impact on an individual's life, including movement, posture, and communication.
The importance of inclusive education for students with physical disabilities.
Exploration of the four major categories of physical disabilities, starting with visual impairment.
Definition and types of visual impairment, including hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and color blindness.
Explanation of less common visual impairments such as retinopathy of prematurity and macular degeneration.
Discussion on the causes of visual impairments, ranging from genetic factors to environmental conditions.
Learning strategies for students with visual impairments, emphasizing the use of visual aids and suitable lighting.
Introduction to hearing impairments as a type of physical disability, including conductive and sensorineural losses.
Description of the impact of hearing impairments on speech and language development, distinguishing between pre-lingual and post-lingual losses.
Strategies for supporting students with hearing impairments in educational settings, such as using assistive listening devices.
Overview of speech impairments, including fluency, voice, and articulation disorders.
Teaching strategies for students with speech impairments, involving collaboration with educational professionals and the use of assistive technology.
Understanding multiple physical impairments and the story of Sharon, a child with intellectual disability, mobility issues, and speech impairment.
Causes of multiple physical impairments, such as chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders.
Tips for teachers on addressing the needs of students with multiple physical impairments, including knowing their strengths and providing modifications.
The role of assistive technology in supporting students with multiple physical impairments.
Conclusion and call to action for educators to continue learning and adapting their practices to better serve students with physical disabilities.
Transcripts
afternoon everybody this is jeremy
romero and i will be your speaker this
afternoon together with mr michael
taranya and we are from math major
and in this informational video we will
going to
um cover all about typology of learners
with uh special needs learners with
physical disabilities to be specific
to start let us first broaden the praise
physical disabilities physical
disabilities this is a person with
physical conditions affecting how
individual lived their lives students or
persons with physical disabilities may
have problems related to
movement postures like sitting or
sanding grasping or manipulating objects
communication eating an even reflexed
movement
as we all know the initial barrier
experienced by children with physical
disabilities is physically accessing to
the world of learning or education
fortunately
in this present time there are many
shelters that are accepting that kind of
situation
the good thing is that inclusive
education is introduced
in an early time let us now explore the
four major categories of physical
disabilities starting with visual
impairment
visually impaired children may be
defined as those children who is
suffering from the impaired conditions
difficulties and deficiencies present in
their visual organs which make them
different from children with normal
vishon the extent of requiring special
education prohibition
to make it more
comprehensive
when we're talking about visual
impairment
um this is any kind of vision loss
this is a conditions that
causes problems to inability to see
some people are completely blind but
many others have what as you call legal
blindness
so under this visual impairment there
are various types
and let's begin with hyperopia
hyperopia or farsightedness can see
objects for far away but not near so
meaning to say
you can see things that are far away
better than things that are up close in
the case of persons with this this
ability
nerve eye objects may appear blurry
[Music]
next is myopia or nearsightedness
can see objects for near but not far
away
this is an opposite of hyperopia when
you are
aligned to the definitions earlier
persons with this myopia have difficulty
seeing distant objects but can see
objects that are nearby clear
[Music]
astigmatism so
astigmatism you cannot focus at one
object regularly
this is a common eye condition that
causes blurred vision that's why many
people uses lenses or eyeglasses so if
you are having trouble seeing objects
specifically if you are looking for a
particular object and you found it
blurry you probably have astigmatism
color blindness is also part of visual
impairment
i know that some of you are aware with
this condition
this is a problem with cone cells of the
eye
trouble telling the difference between
colors so if you have this condition it
means you see colors differently than
most people do
okay next is red ten novelty of
prematurity this is an eye
caused by abnormal blood vessels brought
in the light sensitive part of the eyes
of premature infants
scarring and detachment of the retina
can result from this condition
the next is macular degeneration
macular degeneration loss
of central version
i mean this is a chronic eye disorder
that causes blurred vision or a blind
spot in our visual field it's generally
caused by abnormal blood vessels that
leak fluid or blood into the part of
retina were responsible for central
vascon
next is glaucoma
glaucoma is true to the blockage of the
fluids that normally circulate within
the eye
this is a group of eye conditions that
damage the optic nerve
and this is this damage is often caused
by abnormally high pressure in our eye
this disability or condition is
primarily one of the leading causes of
blindness for people over at the age of
60.
synthetic retinopathy is also part of
visual impairment
diabetes unusual interference with a
blood supply to the retina it may result
in serious vision impairment
from the word itself diabetic this is an
eye disease caused by the high blood
sugar from diabetes next is cataract
cataract is a condition or state of
cloudiness in the lens into in a
distorted or incomplete vision in a
simple context
people who have this visual impairment
is like seeing through a frosty or fog
area or surrounding you can identify
easily if you have cataracts through
that symptoms next is amblyopia or a
lazy eye this means one eye vision loss
due to muscle imbalance this is
generally developed from birth
up to age seven years and amblyopia
develops when the image and one eye is
blurred and the other eye is clear next
is cross eye
it represents an inability of the
individual to focus on the same object
with both eyes simultaneously
in other words one eye
[Music]
is joined
in direction that is different from the
one eye the last part is
condition in which the central areas of
the ratana of a newborn are found
incomplete in their formation
a condition that occurs before birth
in simple description you have kalabama
when part of the tissue on your eye is
or are missing more awareness upon
knowing how this visual impairment is
acquired i will mention some causes of
it and the first one is transfer of
genes associated from the parents
or probably carelessness adapted by
pregnant mothers
mishaps and incidents unfavorable
conditions
eye infections and eye disease
evil effects of fatal disease or
improper postures adapted at workplace
or probably
reading writing and working and
effective in improper lights
for you all know i am telling this
variety of visual impairment because
first as a student right now we can be
aware to those conditions so we can
you know easily notify ourselves
if we are experiencing symptoms that
match on any of those visual impairments
also we can be able to take actions
easily before something getting worse
in addition as
future educators studying this kind of
talks or context we will be able to
address students with this kind of
situation in the future and we can think
strategies that will improve their
learning despite their active conditions
and
speaking of strategies i will show you
the different
learning strategies that can apply to
this uh
persons with physical disabilities
[Music]
okay
here are some of learning strategies
that we can apply for the students with
a visual impairment
first is encourage the student to use a
visual aids or resources that have been
prescribed like glasses magnifiers
big print books and many more
next one is that we should also make
sure that light is suitable for those
students with problems related to light
next is consider the use of enlarged
magnified award sheets and printed
materials must be clear and dark
next is supplement visual materials with
clear verbal explanation and the last
one strategy is increased oral
activities
apart from visual impairment as physical
disabilities
we also have three remaining um
topics of impairments and
hearing impairment is one of those
hearing impairment is
hearing loss
children or somebody who are suffering
hard time to hear or understand sounds
that is hearing impairment this is often
used to describe a wide range of hearing
losses including deafness
uh earlier i stated visual impairment
which is kind of physical condition that
talks about vision now this hearing
impairment is also any physical
condition that affect our auditory
just like visual impairment there are
also variety of types under
this hearing impairment and first one is
conductive loss
so conductive loss refers to decrease
and sound caused by a problem in the
outer or middle ear
it happens when sounds cannot get
through the outer and middle ear for
those people who have this kind of
condition they may be hard to hear soft
sounds
louder sounds maybe muffled
next type of hearing impairment is
sensory neural loss
refers to a problem located in the inner
ear or along the nerve pathway between
the inner ear and the brain you can have
this condition if you have in trouble
hearing sounds when there is background
noise trouble hearing high pitch sounds
or feeling like you can hear voices but
can understand that
and the third
or and last type is mixed lost it refers
to a conductive loss and sensory neural
loss occurring at the same time
when we're talking about this hearing
loss this is the combination of two
hearing impairments the conductive loss
and sensory neural loss okay in this
hearing impairment we have two ages
pre-lingual and post-lingual when we're
talking about pre-lingual this is the
loss of hearing where speech and
language have not yet developed or deaf
child
it means that this impairment can exist
before a child acquiring speech and
language it appears in a newborn baby
and infants up to the age where they can
understand the surrounding
the last or the second one is
post-lingual the loss of hearing after
spontaneous speech and language develop
this impairment appears at any point
after a child has acquired speech well
i know that some of you will ask
how hearing impairments occurs and i
will tell you some of them the first one
is a gradual build up of earwax
next is ear infections in abnormal grots
or tumors
or ruptured ear drum and the last one is
damage to the inner ear okay
earlier i mentioned variety of learning
strategies that we can apply for those
students with
visual impairment and now let's move on
to
some of learning strategies that we can
apply for those students with hearing
impairment the first strategy is use
assistive listening devices such as
induction loops if this are available in
the lecture theater hearing aids may be
include transmitter or receiver systems
with any clip on microphone for the
lecturer
also ensure that any background noise is
minimized
and this third one is repeat clearly any
questions asked
by students in the lecture or class
before giving a response
we also have strategy like do not speak
when facing the blackboard
be aware that mustache
beards hands books or microphones in
front of your face can add to the
difficulties okay provide re-end
materials to supplement all lectures
tutorials and laboratory sessions it is
somehow
difficult for student with hearing
impairment to follow the lectures and
discussion
so
it is necessary to provide learning
materials for them in order to get a
clear knowledge for
the discussion
and the last one is allow assignments
and reviews to be completed on a
in-depth
study of a few texts rather than a broad
study of planning
this is michael j terrenia and i'm going
to discuss the remaining physical
impairments
speech impairments
speech impairments a disorder of speech
sounds fluency or voice and interfere
with communication adversely affect
performance and or functioning in
educational environment
and result in the need for exceptional
student of education
in a simple description this is a kind
of physical disorder that having time
pronouncing different speech sounds
they might distort the sounds of some
words and leave others
other sounds completely
general categories of speech impairments
there are the three types of speech
impairment and the first one is the
fluency disorders
it is difficulties with the rhyme and
timing of speech characterized by
hesitation repetition and prolongation
of sound syllables
words and phrases in a simple definition
this type of speech impairment can
describe as unusual expectation
of sounds in rhyme they accept cause of
fluency disorders at not known
it is said to be generally fast and run
in the families the number two is the
boy's disorders problems with the
quality or
use of one's voice
resulting from disorder is the larynx it
means you have the typical tone of voice
it could be an usual pitch quality
resonance or volume there are a lot of
situation that can cause
voice disorder including surgery
respiratory illness or allergies
number three is the articulation
disorder
this is the errors in production speech
sounds that may be related to anatomical
or neo-muscular support for speech
production
if you have
disorder you might deserve a certain
sound like silly for ship you could also
pull him with sounds like boo or both
or substitute sounds like wabi
for rabbit
brain injury
thinking or development disabilities
physical problems
that affects speech such as clean palate
or clip lip
are cause of this disorder
teaching strategies for children or
students with speech impairment
number one educational professional
student with speech or language
impairment will receive service from
many educational professionals including
general educational teacher
special education teacher and speech
language pathologist
the general education and speech special
education teacher should
both collaborate with the speech
language pathologist
for intervention and teaching strategies
number two assistive technology
students with speech and language
impairments have an array of computer
software packages
available to develop their speech and
language skills
students with speech impairment may use
agreement or alternative communication
aac
aac is a is the use of symbols
aids and techniques to enhance the
communication process
this includes sign language and various
communication boards another impairment
is multiple physical impairment
having multiple disabilities means that
the person has more than one
physical disability for example an
impairment in intellectual blindness
disability and a combination of autism
and cerebral palsy
for better comprehension listen to the
story of sharon who has multiple
physical impairment
sharon is an active 5 year old who loved
to spend time with her grandmother
she also loved to pink her pain and play
with the family dog
sharon has multiple disabilities
when she was born she didn't get enough
oxygen
as a result she has intellectual
disability
which result for problem in mobility and
speech impairment that makes it hard to
understand what she's saying
that doesn't stop sharon from shattering
she has a lot to say
for sharon's parents it's been a long
road from sharon's bed today
when she was a baby she began receiving
special services
called early intervention
these services helped children with
disability convert to their third
birthday in early intervention sharon
learned to crawl and to understand and
finally to walk with races
from sharon's story you could say that
she has an intellectual
disorder and speech impairment and also
problems immobility
which we can call as an example of
multiple physical impairment
what causes of multiple physical
impairment
chromosomal abnormalities
premature back
difficulties from birth
for development of the brain or spinal
cord
infection
genetic disorders
injuries from accidents tips for
teachers on how to address students with
multiple physical impairment
known the needs play the strengths
each students with multiple disabilities
will have his or her own set of skills
strength and learning needs
learning more about each disability of
students will help all in addressing
those learning needs in addition as a
teacher you have to find out more about
the students strengths and interests
reference this can be used to motivate
the students and enrich this education
he or she receives or to make motivation
students with multiple disabilities
often need substantial modification and
accommodation in the classroom this will
help
them access the general education
curriculum at a great appropriate level
number three allow partial participation
as necessary partial participation means
the students with multiple disabilities
aren't excluded from activities because
they might not be able to complete a
task
or independently modification can be
made to the task itself or to how
students particularly consider
a sensitive technology associative
technology is appropriate
even essential for many students with
multiple disabilities without a
sensitive technology there may be many
tasks they simply cannot perform or will
be have difficulty performing
practice and reinforce
in this particular scenario teachers
should be concrete in anything
gives a lot of hands-on opportunities
for learning practice
give feedback immediately that will help
boosting intellectual and emotional
aspects
repeat the learning tasks in different
settings
support related services in the
classroom depending on student
disabilities children may need related
services to benefit special education
related services may include speech
language therapy
occupational therapy or orientation and
mobility services
it best practices to provide the
services in the classroom during the
natural routine of the school we are
hoping that you end enough and valuable
lesson in our educational video thank
you for listening and have a nice day
everyone
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