🌍 ANTES que Sea TARDE - RESUMEN | MEJOR Documental de CAMBIO CLIMATICO C/Leonardo DiCaprio ♻️

Robert Dávila
16 Sept 202213:26

Summary

TLDREste documental de 2016, dirigido por Fisher Stevens y narrado por Leonardo DiCaprio, expone los efectos devastadores del cambio climático. A través de ejemplos como la desaparición de los glaciares, el aumento del nivel del mar y la deforestación, muestra cómo la actividad humana ha impactado gravemente al planeta. El documental destaca la importancia de abandonar los combustibles fósiles, promover energías renovables y adoptar medidas urgentes para evitar una catástrofe climática. También expone la desinformación promovida por intereses económicos y ofrece esperanza a través de soluciones como la energía solar y eólica.

Takeaways

  • 🌍 El documental aborda el cambio climático, mostrando cómo muchas personas aún no creen en él o no están interesadas.
  • 🛢️ La sociedad actual depende enormemente de los combustibles fósiles, lo que agrava el calentamiento global.
  • ❄️ La disminución de los glaciares en el Ártico está provocando un aumento del nivel del mar, lo que afecta a ciudades como Florida y a islas como Kiribati.
  • 💸 Políticos y empresarios financian campañas de desinformación sobre el cambio climático para proteger sus intereses económicos.
  • 🌬️ China ha comenzado a implementar energías renovables como la eólica y solar, aunque sigue siendo una de las naciones más contaminantes.
  • 🐄 La industria ganadera y la producción de carne de res contribuyen al cambio climático, en gran parte por la emisión de metano, un gas altamente contaminante.
  • 🔥 La quema de bosques para la producción de aceite de palma, especialmente en Indonesia, libera grandes cantidades de CO2 y destruye ecosistemas vitales.
  • 🔋 Las soluciones energéticas como las baterías de Tesla y las energías renovables podrían abastecer al mundo entero si se expanden.
  • 🌡️ Un aumento de la temperatura global de 2°C podría causar la desaparición de arrecifes de coral y oleadas de calor que harían inhabitable muchas regiones.
  • 🕊️ El Acuerdo de París de 2016 reunió a 195 países con el compromiso de cambiar sus sistemas energéticos para combatir el cambio climático.

Q & A

  • ¿Quién es el narrador del documental y quién fue uno de los productores ejecutivos?

    -Leonardo DiCaprio es el narrador del documental y Martin Scorsese fue uno de los productores ejecutivos.

  • ¿Cuál es uno de los problemas principales mencionados en el documental respecto al uso de combustibles fósiles?

    -El documental menciona que nuestra sociedad está basada en el uso de combustibles fósiles, lo que contribuye significativamente al calentamiento global debido a la liberación de CO2.

  • ¿Qué ejemplo se menciona en el documental sobre el aumento del nivel del mar?

    -Se menciona cómo el aumento del nivel del mar afecta a Florida, donde el agua está entrando en la ciudad, y se han implementado soluciones temporales como elevar las carreteras y usar sistemas de bombeo.

  • ¿Qué se dice sobre el impacto de las campañas de desinformación en relación con el cambio climático?

    -El documental destaca que algunos políticos y empresarios financian campañas de desinformación para negar el cambio climático, comprando medios de comunicación y políticos para desacreditar teorías científicas.

  • ¿Cómo está abordando China el problema de la contaminación, según el documental?

    -En China, a pesar de los altos niveles de contaminación, especialmente en Beijing, los medios informan sobre el cambio climático, y el país ha sido uno de los primeros en hacer la transición a energías eólicas y solares.

  • ¿Qué dificultad se presenta en la India para implementar energías alternativas?

    -En India, debido a la gran población y la pobreza, es difícil implementar energías alternativas como la solar o eólica, ya que las necesidades básicas de la población aún no se han cubierto completamente.

  • ¿Qué porcentaje de tierras fértiles en Estados Unidos se utilizan para alimentar al ganado?

    -En Estados Unidos, el 47% de las tierras fértiles se utilizan para la agricultura, y de ese porcentaje, el 70% está destinado a alimentar al ganado.

  • ¿Cuál es el impacto del metano en el medio ambiente, según el documental?

    -Una molécula de metano tiene el mismo efecto contaminante que 23 moléculas de CO2. El documental sugiere que reducir el consumo de carne de res podría ayudar a mitigar el impacto ambiental.

  • ¿Qué menciona Elon Musk sobre las fábricas 'gigafactory' y su potencial para la energía renovable?

    -Elon Musk menciona que si se construyeran 100 fábricas gigafactory, se podría proporcionar energía sostenible a todo el planeta. Sin embargo, Tesla no puede construir todas las fábricas; otras empresas y gobiernos tendrían que participar.

  • ¿Qué se propone como solución para reducir el consumo de productos derivados del petróleo?

    -Una solución propuesta es implementar un impuesto al carbono, lo que disminuiría el consumo de productos derivados del petróleo y ayudaría a combatir el cambio climático.

Outlines

00:00

🌍 Un documental sobre el cambio climático y su impacto global

Este documental de 2016, dirigido por Fisher Stevens y narrado por Leonardo DiCaprio, explora la gravedad del cambio climático. Aunque en la antigüedad los humanos cazaban por necesidad, hoy en día somos conscientes del daño que causamos al medio ambiente. El documental resalta cómo los productos derivados del petróleo son esenciales para la sociedad moderna, pero su extracción daña el planeta. A través de ejemplos como el derretimiento del Ártico y la subida del nivel del mar, se evidencian los efectos devastadores en lugares como Florida. También se menciona cómo la desinformación y los intereses políticos complican la lucha contra el cambio climático.

05:15

🔥 La deforestación, el aceite de palma y el ganado en la crisis climática

El documental destaca cómo la deforestación en lugares como Indonesia se debe a la producción de aceite de palma, utilizado en muchos productos cotidianos. Estas prácticas liberan grandes cantidades de CO2. Además, gran parte de las tierras fértiles de EE. UU. se dedican a la ganadería, un sector que contribuye al cambio climático a través de la producción de metano. Reducir el consumo de carne, en especial de res, podría ayudar a mitigar los efectos. La grabación de 'The Revenant' en Canadá también ilustra el impacto del calentamiento global, y Elon Musk presenta la Gigafábrica de Tesla como una solución de energía renovable.

10:20

💡 Las energías renovables y la esperanza ante el cambio climático

El documental aborda cómo países como Alemania y Suecia lideran la transición hacia energías renovables, con Suecia buscando ser el primer país libre de combustibles fósiles. Se explican los efectos variables del calentamiento global en diferentes regiones del mundo, y se menciona que incluso si se dejara de usar combustibles fósiles hoy, la Tierra seguiría calentándose antes de estabilizarse. El Acuerdo de París de 2016, con 195 países comprometidos a cambiar sus sistemas energéticos, es un punto de esperanza. También se enfatiza el papel de los consumidores en la lucha contra el cambio climático, apoyando productos locales y sostenibles.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Cambio climático

El cambio climático se refiere a las alteraciones a largo plazo en los patrones climáticos globales, especialmente el aumento de las temperaturas debido al uso excesivo de combustibles fósiles que liberan dióxido de carbono (CO2) y otros gases de efecto invernadero. En el documental, se destaca cómo estas actividades humanas están provocando deshielos en el Ártico y aumentando el nivel del mar, lo que amenaza a lugares como Florida y las islas Kiribati.

💡Combustibles fósiles

Los combustibles fósiles son recursos energéticos como el petróleo, el gas y el carbón que se queman para producir energía. El documental subraya que la sociedad moderna depende enormemente de estos combustibles, lo que genera grandes cantidades de CO2 que contribuyen al calentamiento global. Se mencionan las consecuencias de su extracción y uso, como la contaminación y la destrucción de ecosistemas.

💡Desinformación

La desinformación en el contexto del documental se refiere a las campañas financiadas por políticos y empresarios para confundir al público sobre la realidad del cambio climático. Estos grupos, al tener intereses en la industria de los combustibles fósiles, promueven la negación del cambio climático para proteger sus ganancias, evitando el debate científico e influyendo en la opinión pública.

💡Deshielo del Ártico

El deshielo del Ártico es uno de los efectos más visibles del calentamiento global, donde las capas de hielo polar se están derritiendo rápidamente. El documental muestra cómo la reducción del hielo ártico altera el equilibrio de la temperatura del planeta y eleva el nivel del mar, lo que afecta a comunidades costeras como Florida.

💡Energías renovables

Las energías renovables son fuentes de energía que no generan emisiones de carbono, como la solar y la eólica. En el documental se resaltan los esfuerzos de países como Alemania, Dinamarca y España para transitar hacia estas fuentes de energía, con el objetivo de reducir su dependencia de los combustibles fósiles y mitigar los efectos del cambio climático.

💡Nivel del mar

El nivel del mar se refiere a la altura del océano en relación con la tierra. El aumento del nivel del mar es una de las consecuencias más preocupantes del cambio climático, ya que afecta a ciudades costeras e islas. El documental presenta ejemplos como Florida, donde el agua ya está ingresando en la ciudad, y Kiribati, que está en riesgo de ser completamente sumergida.

💡CO2 (Dióxido de Carbono)

El dióxido de carbono (CO2) es uno de los principales gases de efecto invernadero que atrapan el calor en la atmósfera, contribuyendo al calentamiento global. El documental menciona cómo las actividades humanas, como la quema de combustibles fósiles y la deforestación, han aumentado drásticamente los niveles de CO2, lo que ha calentado el planeta y desencadenado fenómenos como el deshielo y el aumento del nivel del mar.

💡Palmicultura

La palmicultura se refiere al cultivo de palma para la producción de aceite de palma, un ingrediente común en alimentos y productos de consumo. El documental destaca cómo las empresas queman bosques en Indonesia para expandir las plantaciones de palma, lo que libera grandes cantidades de CO2 y destruye los hábitats naturales. Este es un ejemplo de cómo la producción de bienes puede tener impactos devastadores en el medio ambiente.

💡Aumento de temperatura global

El aumento de temperatura global es el incremento promedio de las temperaturas en la Tierra debido a la acumulación de gases de efecto invernadero. En el documental se menciona que la temperatura del planeta ya ha subido casi 1°C y que un aumento mayor podría causar colapsos en los ecosistemas, como los arrecifes de coral, y generar olas de calor que harían inhabitables muchas regiones.

💡Transición energética

La transición energética se refiere al proceso de cambiar de fuentes de energía basadas en combustibles fósiles a energías renovables. El documental presenta la transición que ya está ocurriendo en países como China, que está adoptando energías eólicas y solares, y se mencionan esfuerzos globales como el Acuerdo de París, donde 195 países acordaron reducir su dependencia de los combustibles fósiles para combatir el cambio climático.

Highlights

Leonardo DiCaprio narrates and Martin Scorsese is one of the executive producers, highlighting the high-profile nature of the documentary.

National Geographic made the documentary free on multiple streaming platforms as part of their commitment to climate change awareness.

The documentary shows how many people either do not believe in climate change or are not concerned with it, which is a major issue today.

Comparison of ancient cultures' survival-based extinction of animals with modern-day ignorance towards environmental damage despite our knowledge of its consequences.

Fossil fuels, particularly oil, gas, and coal, are highlighted as major contributors to global CO2 emissions, warming the planet over time.

The documentary showcases the rapid decrease in Arctic ice and the subsequent rise in sea levels, impacting cities like Florida and islands like Kiribati.

Politicians and businessmen fund disinformation campaigns to sow doubt about climate change, often buying media and politicians to protect their interests.

China's air pollution is incredibly high, especially in Beijing, but the country is among the first to shift toward wind and solar energy.

India struggles to implement alternative energies due to poverty, which complicates meeting basic needs like electricity for large portions of the population.

The U.S. is the largest historical emitter of greenhouse gases, and developed nations should set an example in transitioning to renewable energies.

Oceans absorb approximately one-third of the world’s CO2 emissions, but pollution and coral reef loss make it increasingly difficult for them to perform this role.

Mass deforestation, especially in places like Indonesia, often occurs to produce palm oil, contributing significantly to CO2 emissions and environmental degradation.

Livestock, particularly cattle, contribute to climate change through methane production, and shifting diets to chicken or fish could reduce environmental impact.

Elon Musk’s Tesla Gigafactory aims to reduce battery costs and enable homes to rely entirely on solar power, demonstrating a scalable solution for renewable energy.

The documentary emphasizes that global warming will affect different regions unevenly, with some areas experiencing droughts while others will face extreme cold.

Transcripts

play00:00

This is a 2016 documentary directed by Fisher Stevens. Leonardo DiCaprio is the

play00:05

narrator and Martin Scorsese one of the executive producers. As part of National Geographic's commitment

play00:10

to collaborate with information about climate change, made its

play00:15

streaming free on other platforms. The introductory part shows us how there are

play00:19

many people who do not believe in climate change or who are not directly

play00:23

interested. In ancient cultures, animals were killed until they became extinct,

play00:27

but it was done out of necessity for survival and out of ignorance at the time. Today,

play00:33

we are aware of the damage we cause, but even so we are not interested and that is very worrying.

play00:43

Petroleum-derived products are destined mainly for the automobile fleet and the carbon

play00:49

and gas are used for the production of electricity. In this way, having

play00:53

so much demand for the mentioned products, it is required to extract and process large amounts of

play00:59

fossil fuels, these extraction processes cause gigantic damage to the environment.

play01:08

Do you know what is bad? That our entire society is based on the use of fuels

play01:14

fossil fuels, transportation, construction, heating systems, most of

play01:20

our daily activities release CO2 and this has been warming the planet for a long time.

play01:26

In the documentary we are shown the arctic, how the amount of ice has decreased and

play01:31

the importance that this has to regulate the temperature of the planet. The decrease of

play01:36

this ice causes sea levels to rise, we are shown the example of Florida,

play01:42

where the water is literally entering the city. The solution found by the

play01:47

governors is to raise the roads and use pump systems that remove the water that

play01:51

enters the city, the bad news is that this solution can only last about

play01:56

50 years. Likewise, we are shown how there are islands like Kiribati and Palaos that

play02:02

they are being completely buried by rising ocean levels.

play02:18

There are politicians and businessmen who, for their own interests, manage and finance

play02:24

large disinformation campaigns to confuse people into believing

play02:29

that there is no climate change. It is impossible for them to win a scientific debate,

play02:34

therefore they refuse to participate in them, however, they buy media

play02:39

or politicians who discredit scientific theories. In a nutshell,

play02:44

it can be said that fossil fuel money can buy many people.

play02:50

In China, pollution levels are incredibly high, especially in Beijing,

play02:57

As we already know, China is the factory of the world and at the time of recording this documentary,

play03:02

Many inhabitants were already forced to wear masks due to poor air quality.

play03:16

One big difference from the rest of the world is that the Chinese media,

play03:20

they give information on climate change, people can see how much it pollutes

play03:24

each factory and demand that they correct their contamination levels. Likewise,

play03:29

China was among the first countries to transition to wind and solar energies.

play03:33

In India, a country with a large population and also poverty, there are still a large number of people who has

play03:39

no access to electricity. In countries of this type, where poverty still exists, it is not easy

play03:45

to implement new alternative energies such as solar or wind energies , since first the efforts

play03:51

they should focus on meeting people's needs. We are shown the floods

play03:56

in India, where torrential rain completely floods an area, destroying crops.

play04:01

Something very remarkable that is mentioned in the documentary is the fact that

play04:06

the US is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases throughout history,

play04:10

Together with other developed countries, they should set an example for developing countries.

play04:16

about the transition to other types of energy and the change that must take place as societies.

play04:24

In our world today, there is a huge number of people who depend on fishing,

play04:29

our activities put too much pressure on the ecosystem in all its areas,

play04:34

in the case of the oceans it causes the loss of coral reefs, only in the last 30 years,

play04:40

50% of the reefs were lost. The oceans are said to help regulate

play04:45

pollution of the planet, collect approximately 1/3 of the world's CO2,

play04:51

but at the rate we are polluting, it is impossible for them to regulate so much.

play04:55

Forests also absorb CO2, storing it as organic matter in their trunks and leaves.

play05:15

Unfortunately, however, many forests end up on fire today and that releases

play05:20

huge amounts of CO2 into the environment In Indonesia, for example, trees are burned

play05:26

to plant and produce palm oil, which is used in cooking, cosmetics,

play05:31

detergents, among other products. It is the oil whose production cost is the lowest of all.

play05:37

Fires in Indonesia were very frequent because the big companies bought the

play05:42

government to allow them to clear forests and plant palm plantations. Thus,

play05:48

it is important to reflect on the products we consume, what we buy,

play05:52

does it affect the environment? Is it made through nature-friendly processes? We have to

play05:58

know the details of what we consume, how it is made, in this way we will support

play06:04

companies seeking circular economies. Another reason why forests are removed,

play06:08

is for beef, much of this land is used to produce food for

play06:13

livestock. In the US, 47% of the land is used to produce food, and of this fertile land,

play06:21

70% is used for livestock feed. Cows, having no digestive system, ferment

play06:27

compounds in their stomach and produce methane, which is released through the mouth when they chew.

play06:35

As an amazing fact, 1 molecule of methane pollutes the same as 23

play06:42

CO2 molecules. A simple change in our diet replacing beef with chicken,

play06:48

fish or simply reducing its consumption to a minimum, can cause a great help to the planet.

play06:54

In the documentary we are exposed how in the recording of The Revenant, in the belt of

play06:59

snow in Canada, there was no snow, the whole team had to move to Ushuaia in Argentina to

play07:05

finding it, Leonardo DiCaprio mentions: "I feel like I'm in a weird surreal movie,

play07:11

the truth, I observe and think, that when I have children, everything that we now take for granted,

play07:17

our planet and all its biodiversity and beauty, everything in the future, will be different"

play07:31

Tesla's gigafactory is shown, in Reno, Nevada. It is mentioned that one of his

play07:36

objectives is to reduce the cost of production of batteries. Elon Musk mentions that

play07:41

they can put solar panels on the roofs of houses using batteries that store

play07:46

this energy and that they can supply the whole place without any type of wiring or

play07:51

electric connections. It also indicates that 100 Giga factories could supply

play07:55

of sustainable energy to the entire world, yes, you heard right, to the entire planet. Nevertheless,

play08:01

Tesla cannot make these factories, they would have to be other companies

play08:05

around the world and governments would also have to participate in their creation.

play08:13

An alternative to reduce the demand for products based on

play08:17

petroleum, is to implement a carbon tax,

play08:25

this would reduce their consumption, it is not necessary to create new taxes,

play08:30

but this tax could be exchanged for another that already exists. Usually,

play08:36

politicians respond to the demands of the people, if we all demand a carbon tax and

play08:42

we are willing to assume the responsibilities that it entails, changes can be achieved.

play08:48

It is clear that climate change causes people to move from their places of origin,

play08:55

this causes certain places to have quite high populations

play09:00

and that some resources are not enough, that is how wars take place over water,

play09:04

for example, and can produce a large number of social conflicts.

play09:08

In this century we have an average warming of 4 C, this situation had not been seen in the

play09:15

last 4 million years. For a long time the temperature of the planet was

play09:19

stable within certain margins, but at the time the documentary is broadcast,

play09:24

the average temperature of the planet has already risen by almost 1 C, with that, storms have already occurred

play09:31

and droughts in many places. What would happen if the temperature rises more? At almost 2 C increment,

play09:38

the reefs would begin to collapse, at 3 and 4 C increments, there would be waves of

play09:44

heat that would make many parts of the world uninhabitable and unable to produce food.

play09:52

The planet, throughout its long history has gone through many things, already in the past,

play09:59

there were huge amounts of methane in our air, this methane was frozen under the ice

play10:04

of permafrost, which is found mainly in the northern hemisphere of our planet.

play10:10

In this way, one of the greatest dangers we face is that this

play10:14

permafrost melts and all the methane contained inside is released, which would accelerate

play10:20

further global warming and would have catastrophic consequences in a very short time.

play10:28

There are countries that already use renewable energies,

play10:31

for example, Germany, Denmark, Holland and Spain, among others,

play10:36

if a country invests in wind or solar energy, it can always have free energy,

play10:50

it is a long-term investment that can be very beneficial. The documentary mentions

play10:56

that Sweden has the goal of being the first country 100% free of fossil fuels

play11:00

When we hear "global warming" we all think that the planet will warm up in its entirety,

play11:08

but the reality is not that, the effects would be varied, some places on the planet

play11:13

indeed they would heat up, causing terrible droughts, however, others would cool down,

play11:20

among them are those belonging to Europe. In general, many of these places,

play11:25

either due to cold or heat, they would become uninhabitable, this would cause people to migrate

play11:31

and the population is concentrated in specific places where there would be food shortages and various

play11:36

social problems due to overpopulation. What would happen if we stopped burning fuels

play11:41

fossils right now? The truth is that the planet would continue to warm up a little more,

play11:46

after a certain time it would stabilize and then cool down little by little, so from a

play11:53

optimistic point of view, there is always hope of finding a solution to the problem we are going through.

play12:01

At the 2016 Paris Agreement, there were 195 countries assuring that they would do everything possible to change

play12:09

their energy production and consumption systems. On the other hand, even Pope Francis,

play12:14

who spoke with Leonardo DiCaprio, accepted the scientific theories of climate change, no

play12:20

Papa had done something like this before, demonstrating the commitment and putting aside the beliefs

play12:26

in order to seek a common good. It is important to use our greatest gift,

play12:30

intelligence, we must be analytical, use our vote well, support politicians with intentions of

play12:37

protect our environment, to take measures that reduce the contribution to global warming,

play12:42

we must consume our products intelligently, consume local, consume organically,

play12:48

that companies that care about the environment arise and that those that destroy it

play12:54

go bankrupt, as Leonardo DiCaprio mentions, this is unfortunately not a movie,

play12:59

we don't know how the script will end, we just have to do everything in our power, with

play13:05

will, teamwork, a lot of awareness and environmental responsibility we can achieve changes

play13:11

before it is too late…

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Related Tags
Cambio climáticoCombustibles fósilesLeonardo DiCaprioEnergías renovablesDeshielo árticoRecalentamiento globalContaminaciónDeforestaciónAcuerdo de ParísTesla
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