Pallas’s Cat: The Original Grumpy Cat
Summary
TLDR这段视频介绍了一种名为“宫猫”的小型猫科动物,它们生活在极端的喜马拉雅山脉和欧亚大草原上。宫猫是自成一属的唯一现存物种,与豹猫是近亲。它们的耳朵短圆,毛发随季节变化,以适应环境。宫猫有着圆形的瞳孔,与人类相似,这让它们看起来更具表情。它们是白天活动的捕食者,主要以啮齿类动物为食。尽管宫猫看起来像家猫,但它们与家猫的共同祖先生活在620万年前。宫猫目前面临近危的保护状态,受到栖息地破坏和盗猎的威胁。
Takeaways
- 🐱 帕拉斯猫(Palace's cats)是一种生活在恶劣环境中的小型猫科动物,主要分布在欧亚大草原,从蒙古沙漠到喜马拉雅山脉。
- 🏔️ 它们是唯一存活的自动属(Autocalibus)成员,与豹猫是近亲,共同祖先生活在约600万年前。
- 🚫 帕拉斯猫不适合家养,尽管它们与家猫有相似之处,但它们的共同祖先生活在620万年前。
- 🎩 帕拉斯猫的名字来源于首次正式描述它们的德国博物学家彼得·西蒙·帕拉斯(Peter Simon Pallas),学名Autocalibus manual意味着‘丑陋的耳朵’。
- 👂 帕拉斯猫的耳朵短而圆,适合它们大部分时间隐藏的生活习性,与大多数猫科动物的大尖耳朵不同。
- 🌈 它们的毛色随季节变化,冬季呈灰色,夏季变为橙棕色,以适应栖息地环境。
- 😺 帕拉斯猫被认为是世界上最富有表情的猫之一,部分原因是它们有圆形瞳孔,类似于人类。
- 👁️ 圆形瞳孔通常出现在追逐猎物的动物中,而帕拉斯猫是伏击型猎手,这种瞳孔结构有助于它们在不同高度寻找猎物和警惕天敌。
- 🕵️ 帕拉斯猫是白天活动的捕食者,主要以鼠类和偶尔的小鸟或年幼的土拨鼠为食。
- 🐿️ 它们最喜欢的猎物是土拨鼠,因为捕捉一只大型猎物比捕捉几只小型猎物更高效。
- 👶 帕拉斯猫的繁殖能力较低,每年发情期仅1至2天,生活在极低密度下,交配困难。
- 🛑 帕拉斯猫目前被列为近危物种,面临栖息地破坏和盗猎的威胁。
Q & A
帕拉斯猫属于哪个科属,它们的近亲是什么?
-帕拉斯猫是小猫科Autocalibus属的唯一现存成员,它们的最近亲属是豹猫,两者最后的共同祖先大约在600万年前。
帕拉斯猫的学名是什么,它意味着什么?
-帕拉斯猫的学名是Autocalibus manul。'Autocalibus'意为“丑耳”,尽管这个命名可能有争议。
为什么帕拉斯猫不适合作为宠物养?
-尽管帕拉斯猫可能看起来像家猫,但它们与家猫最后的共同祖先生活在约620万年前,因此它们野性较强,不适合家养。
帕拉斯猫的耳朵有什么独特之处?
-与大多数其他猫不同,帕拉斯猫的耳朵短而圆,这有助于它们隐藏,避免在捕猎时被猎物或天敌发现。
帕拉斯猫的毛色如何随季节变化?
-帕拉斯猫的毛色随季节变化,在冬季更灰,在夏季则变为更偏橙棕色,以便更好地融入环境。
为什么说帕拉斯猫是世界上最具表情的猫?
-帕拉斯猫被认为是世界上最具表情的猫之一,主要是因为它们与其他小型猫不同的瞳孔形状——圆形瞳孔,给人一种更加人性化的表情。
帕拉斯猫的狩猎方式与其他猫科动物有何不同?
-尽管帕拉斯猫是伏击猎手,但它们有圆形而非垂直裂缝瞳孔。这可能是因为它们生活的地域变化大,需要更好的整体视觉来寻找不同高度的猎物和监视天敌。
帕拉斯猫主要捕食哪些动物?
-帕拉斯猫主要以啮齿动物为食,如旱獭和鼠兔,偶尔也会捕食小鸟或幼年旱獭。它们最喜欢的猎物是鼠兔。
帕拉斯猫的繁殖情况如何?
-帕拉斯猫的发情期仅为一年中的1到2天,这使得它们繁殖十分困难,与熊猫相比,它们在繁殖方面更加挑战。
为什么帕拉斯猫面临灭绝的威胁?
-帕拉斯猫面临的威胁包括栖息地的开发、猎物数量的减少、被牧羊犬捕杀等。它们目前的保护状况为近危,每年生存情况都在变得更加艰难。
Outlines
🐱 藏地山猫的神秘生活
这段视频介绍了藏地山猫(Palace's cats)这种生活在喜马拉雅山脉等极端环境中的小型猫科动物。它们是欧亚大草原上的居民,从蒙古沙漠到喜马拉雅山,是唯一存活的autocalibus属成员。它们的最近亲是豹猫,共同祖先生活在大约600万年前。视频解释了为什么人们不能拥有这种猫,它们的耳朵虽然被认为“丑陋”,但实际上是为了在藏匿时不被发现而进化出的。此外,它们的毛皮随季节变化,冬季为灰色,夏季为橙棕色,以适应环境。藏地山猫被认为是世界上最富有表情的猫之一,因为它们有着不同于其他小型猫的圆形瞳孔,这使得它们看起来更像人类。它们是白天活动的捕食者,主要以鼠类为食,但也会捕食小鸟或年轻的土拨鼠。尽管外表看起来胖乎乎的,但它们的体型实际上很小,最大的也只重约4.5公斤。它们的毛发是所有猫中密度最高的,以适应极端的温度。繁殖期非常短,每年只有一到两天,而且它们的繁殖难度很大。
🌏 藏地山猫的生存挑战
这段视频讨论了藏地山猫面临的生存挑战。由于它们的活动范围巨大,加上它们非常独居,使得它们在有限的繁殖窗口期内找到配偶变得极其困难。如果成功繁殖,它们的妊娠期为10到11周,之后母猫会制作一个用毛皮、羽毛和树叶铺垫的巢穴来保护幼崽免受极端温度的影响。幼崽出生时只有100克重,非常脆弱。藏地山猫在野外非常难以发现和研究,它们的种群数量很小,但由于它们的毛皮和内脏在传统医药中的价值,仍然遭到偷猎者的捕杀。随着人类活动侵占它们的栖息地和食物来源的减少,藏地山猫的生存状况变得更加艰难。视频呼吁人们提高对这种猫的保护意识,以帮助它们克服生存挑战。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡喜马拉雅山脉
💡欧亚大草原
💡自侏罗猫属
💡
💡彼得·西蒙·帕拉斯
💡自侏罗猫
💡表情丰富
💡圆形瞳孔
💡伏击猎食者
💡日行性捕食者
💡繁殖困难
💡濒危物种
Highlights
Palace's cats是生活在喜马拉雅山脉等极端环境中的一种小型猫科动物。
Palace's cats是唯一存活的Autocalibus属的成员,与豹猫是近亲。
Palace's cats的名字来源于首次正式描述它们的德国博物学家Peter Simon Pallas。
它们的学名Autocalibus manual意味着“丑耳朵”,但这种特征实际上有助于它们在藏匿时避免被发现。
Palace's cats的毛色随季节变化,冬季呈灰色,夏季变为橙棕色,以便更好地伪装。
这种猫被认为是世界上最富有表情的猫之一,部分原因是它们有着与人类似的圆形瞳孔。
圆形瞳孔通常出现在追逐猎物的动物中,而非伏击型猎手,但Palace's cats是个例外。
Palace's cats的圆形瞳孔可能有助于它们在多变的地形中寻找猎物和警惕天敌。
它们是白天活动的捕食者,主要以鼠类和偶尔的小鸟或幼年旱獭为食。
Palace's cats不是优秀的奔跑者,它们更擅长伏击猎物。
尽管外观看起来像家猫,但Palace's cats实际上体型很小,最大的个体重量约为4.5公斤。
它们的毛发是世界上所有猫中最密集的,以适应它们所生活的极端温度。
Palace's cats的繁殖期非常短,每年只有一到两天。
由于生活在低密度区域,Palace's cats很难找到配偶。
Palace's cats在野外非常难以发现和研究,它们的种群数量很小。
偷猎者仍然捕杀Palace's cats,出售它们的皮毛和内脏用于传统医学。
Palace's cats目前被列为近危物种,随着栖息地被开发,它们的生存状况越来越困难。
Transcripts
palace's cats may look like cute and
lazy house cats but don't let that fool
you they've made home to one of the most
difficult places to live in the world
the himalayas
hi i'm danielle and you're watching
animal logic palace's cats or manuel are
a species of small cat found in the
eurasian steppes living everywhere from
the mongolian deserts to the himalayas
they are the only living members of the
autocalibus genus and their closest
living relatives are leopard cats with
their last common ancestor living just
under 6 million years ago a common
question asked about palace's cats is
can i own one the answer is as always
no
and while palace's cats may resemble
domestic cats their last common ancestor
lived 6.2 million years ago they get
their name from the german naturalist
who first formally described them peter
simon palace though their scientific
name autocalibus manual has a much more
interesting meaning autocolibus means
ugly eared an assessment that
i can't say i entirely agree with their
so-called ugly ears do serve a purpose
though hiding unlike most other cats
which have big pointed ears palace's
cat's ears are short and round this
comes in handy when you spend most of
your day hiding from both predators and
prey as pointy ears would be all too
conspicuous
living in the steps their coats are also
designed to blend in in the winter their
fur is more gray and in the summer it
becomes more of an orange brown can you
find the palace's cat
oh it's right there
palace's cats have been called the most
expressive cats in the world and while
part of that reputation may come from
their snaggly teeth the main reason for
their seemingly expressive faces is
another feature that is different from
other small cats their pupils if you
look closely you'll notice that unlike
other species of small cats palace's
cats don't have vertical slits for
pupils and instead have round ones just
like us this gives them somewhat of a
more human look and is probably why
people on the internet call them their
spirit animal i guess they kinda
sometimes do look like they also don't
like mondays if anything this makes them
the garfield of wild cats but palace's
cats don't have round pupils so that
reputable news sites can put together
listicles about the 14 times palace's
cats threw more shade than beyonce they
have them for hunting generally speaking
most cats with vertical pupils are
ambush hunters with vertical pupils cats
can control the amount of light that
enters their eye because they can expand
their pupils 300-fold compared to round
pupils which can only expand about
15-fold vertical pupils provide
excellent vision along the y-axis and
very good depth perception
two things key to ambush predators they
also tend to be found on smaller animals
domestic cats have vertical pupils but
lions and tigers don't this is due to
how light enters the vertical pupil when
the vertical pupils are closer to the
ground there is less blur in their
vision and the sharper the predator's
vision the more likely they are to nab
dinner but here's where it gets weird
cats with circular pupils are foragers
meaning they chase their prey but
palace's cats are ambush hunters yet
don't have the vertical slit pupils
found on their relatives we're not
entirely sure why palace's cats have
round pupils but the leading theory is
that since palace's cat's territory is
so much more varied than other small
cats ranging from deserts to planes to
mountains
they need the better overall vision that
round pupils provide for finding prey at
different elevations and for keeping an
eye on their predators like eagles
palace's cats are diurnal predators
meaning that they're active during the
day
when hunting they feed primarily on
rodents like gerbils and pikas with the
occasional small bird or young marmot
thrown in the mix their prey of choice
though is the pika they're the largest
animal they can consistently catch and
it's much more efficient to catch one
large prey than a couple small ones
palace's cats aren't fantastic runners
perhaps due to the difficult terrain
they live in and are much better at
pouncing on prey as they exit their dens
palace's cats may look like they're fat
cats but it's all fluff despite
appearances they are quite small with
the largest weighing around four and a
half kilos about the weight of an
average domestic cat their poofy fur
coat is to keep them warm in the extreme
temperatures that they live in and their
fur is actually the densest fur of any
cat in the world due to the extreme
temperatures that they live in estrus or
the period in which the female is
fertile lasts a mind-numbing one to two
days a year move over pandas we have a
new worst at reproducing species
entering the arena
palace's cats live in very low densities
with only four to eight cats per hundred
square kilometers that would be like if
you were here in toronto there would
only be about 25 to 50 people in the
entire city
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would be nice
since their ranges are so huge and since
they are so solitary it makes it
incredibly difficult for them to find a
mate in this limited time window if they
do their gestation period is 10 to 11
weeks after which mom will make a den
lining it with fur feathers and leaves
to protect the kitties from the extreme
temperatures the kittens weigh only 100
grams when born and are quite possibly
the cutest things i've ever seen
palace's cats are very difficult to find
let alone study in the wild
their territory is huge they're very
good at hiding and their numbers are
small yet despite this poachers still
manage to catch them to sell their fur
and guts for use in traditional medicine
palace's cats are near threatened and
every year life gets a little harder as
we develop into their habitat and drive
out their prey
something as docile as hurting can be a
big problem for palace's cats as herders
need dogs which kill a lot of palace's
cats and their prey
it's a hard problem that's difficult to
solve but the first step is getting the
word out what animal should i check out
next please let me know in the comments
and be sure to subscribe for new
episodes of animal logic every other
week thanks for watching
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you
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