INFECCIONES O ENFERMEDADES DE TRANSMISIÓN SEXUAL (ETS) EN CAVIDAD BUCAL Y SEXO ORAL

Summary

El programa aborda infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) que afectan la cavidad oral, como sífilis, gonorrea, virus del herpes, virus del papiloma humano y el VIH/SIDA. Se discuten las manifestaciones orales de estas infecciones, su transmisión a través del contacto oro-genital y cómo la salud bucal y la inmunidad del paciente influyen en el riesgo de contraerlas. Además, se enfatiza la importancia de la prevención y el diagnóstico temprano para evitar complicaciones.

Takeaways

• 😷 Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) también pueden afectar la cavidad oral a través de prácticas sexuales orales.
• 🌐 Desde 1998, la OMS ha cambiado el término de ITS a 'Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual', ya que muchas son asintomáticas.
• 📈 La OMS ha informado que cada día más de un millón de personas se infectan con ITS curables.
• 🔬 Hay más de 30 bacterias, virus y protozoarios que se transmiten sexualmente, de los cuales 8 están fuertemente asociados con la transmisión sexual.
• 👅 La sífilis, que alguna vez fue considerada erradicada, ahora tiene la tasa más alta de frecuencia de ITS.
• 💊 Aunque la sífilis es curable, si no se trata, puede evolucionar a etapas secundarias y terciarias, afectando múltiples órganos.
• 🌈 El gonococo, causado por bacterias, se asocia comúnmente con relaciones sexuales orales y es resistente al tratamiento.
• 🦠 El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) se ha incrementado en 700% y puede manifestarse en la boca como verrugas, papilomas u otras lesiones.
• 🔄 El herpes simplex virus (HSV) se puede transmitir a través de lesiones activas o fluidos, y su transmisión cruzada es común hoy en día.
• 🚫 Las prácticas sexuales orales aumentan el riesgo de transmisión de ITS, y la higiene oral, así como el uso de preservativos, son factores clave para reducir el riesgo.
• 💊 Aunque el VIH/SIDA no se transmite fácilmente a través de relaciones orales, puede tener manifestaciones orales en etapas avanzadas, como la candidiasis y el sarcoma de Kaposi.

Q & A

¿Cómo pueden aparecer las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) en la boca?

Las ITS pueden aparecer en la boca a través de prácticas sexuales orales, como la fellación, la cunnilingus y el anilingus. Esto se debe a que las bacterias y virus que causan ITS pueden transmitirse a través de contacto directo con las mucosas bucales.

¿Cuáles son las manifestaciones de las ITS en la boca?

Las manifestaciones incluyen úlceras induradas asintomáticas, placas blancas en la orofaringe, verrugas o papilomas, vesículas que se convierten en úlceras, y en casos avanzados, lesiones como la sarcoma de Kaposi.

¿Cuáles son los riesgos al practicar sexo oral?

Los riesgos incluyen la exposición a ITS como sífilis, gonorrea, clamidia, tricomoniasis, herpes, virus del papiloma humano (VPH), y en casos extremos, el VIH/SIDA. Además, la falta de síntomas en etapas tempranas puede llevar a una transmisión no intencionada.

¿Cuál es la relación entre el número de parejas sexuales y el riesgo de ITS?

Un mayor número de parejas sexuales aumenta el riesgo de ITS, ya que aumenta la probabilidad de exposición a bacterias y virus que causan ITS.

¿Cómo afecta el uso de preservativos el riesgo de ITS?

El uso de preservativos reduce significativamente el riesgo de ITS, ya que actúa como barrera física que impide el contacto directo con las mucosas infectadas.

¿Por qué es importante la integridad de la mucosa bucal para prevenir ITS?

Una mucosa bucal intacta actúa como barrera de protección. Las erosiones o úlceras facilitan la entrada de microorganismos, incrementando el riesgo de infección.

¿Cómo se relaciona el estado inmunológico del paciente con el desarrollo de ITS?

El estado inmunológico del paciente es crucial, ya que individuos con un sistema inmunitario comprometido tienen mayor probabilidad de desarrollar manifestaciones clínicas de ITS.

¿Cómo se puede diferenciar una infección de ITS en la boca de una infección común?

Las infecciones de ITS pueden tener síntomas similares a infecciones comunes, pero suelen ser persistentes y no responden al tratamiento estándar. Un diagnóstico preciso requiere de pruebas de laboratorio.

¿Cuál es el papel del herpes simple en las ITS orales?

El herpes simple, causado por el virus herpes simplex (VHS), puede ser transmitido a través de relaciones orales y causa lesiones en las mucosas bucales, como vesículas y úlceras.

¿Cómo afecta el tratamiento antirretroviral la transmisibilidad del VIH/SIDA?

El tratamiento antirretroviral altamente activo (HAART) puede reducir el viral carga a niveles indetectables, lo que significa que el VIH no es transmisible y mejora la calidad de vida del paciente.

Outlines

00:00

😷 Enfermedades de transmisión sexual en la cavidad oral

El primer párrafo explora cómo las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) pueden afectar la cavidad oral y presenta los síntomas y riesgos asociados. Se menciona que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) prefiere el término 'Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual' debido a la asimetría de síntomas. Se discuten las ITS curables y no curables, con énfasis en sífilis, gonorrea, clamidia, tricomoniasis, herpes, hepatitis B y el virus del papiloma humano. Además, se destaca la importancia de la prevención y diagnóstico temprano para evitar la propagación de la infección.

05:01

👨‍⚕️ Manifestaciones de las ITS en la cavidad oral

Este párrafo se centra en las manifestaciones clínicas de las ITS en la cavidad oral, como la sífilis, gonorrea y el virus del papiloma humano. Se describen las etapas de la sífilis, desde la lesión primaria hasta la secundaria, y cómo se presenta en la cavidad oral. Se aborda la gonorrea, su relación con las relaciones sexuales masculinas y cómo afecta específicamente la faringe. También se menciona el virus del papiloma humano, sus diferentes manifestaciones en la cavidad oral y su asociación con las prácticas sexuales orales.

10:01

🌐 Otras ITS y su relación con las prácticas sexuales orales

El tercer párrafo continúa explorando otras ITS, como el herpes simple, el virus del papiloma humano, el molluscum contagiosum y el citomegalovirus. Se discute cómo estas infecciones pueden ser transmitidas a través de las prácticas sexuales orales y cómo su presentación en la cavidad oral varía según el tipo de infección. Se enfatiza la importancia de la higiene y la salud bucal para reducir el riesgo de transmisión y la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento temprano.

15:04

💊 HIV y AIDS: Manifestaciones orales y transmisión

El último párrafo aborda el tema del VIH y el SIDA, su transmisión a través del contacto sexual y las manifestaciones orales asociadas, como la candidiasis y el sarcoma de Kaposi. Se destaca la importancia de los niveles de carga viral y la cuenta de linfocitos T CD4 en la aparición de estas manifestaciones. Además, se menciona la eficacia de los tratamientos antirretrovirales en reducir la transmisibilidad del VIH y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

Keywords

💡Enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS)

Las ETS, también conocidas como Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS), son infecciones que se transmiten principalmente a través de prácticas sexuales. En el guion, se menciona que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) prefiere el término ITS ya que algunas de estas pueden ser asintomáticas. Las ETS son un tema central del video, ya que se discuten varias que pueden afectar la cavidad oral, como sífilis, gonorrea, clamidia, tricomoniasis, herpes, virus del papiloma humano y VIH/SIDA.

💡Sífilis

La sífilis es una ETS causada por la bacteria Treponema pallidum. Se discute en el guion cómo puede presentarse en la cavidad oral, causando manchas o ulceras indolentes conocidas como 'chancre sifilítico'. El guion destaca que, aunque la sífilis es curable, si no se trata, puede evolucionar a etapas más avanzadas y afectar otros órganos.

💡Gonorrea

La gonorrea es otra ETS bacteriana, transmitida por contacto sexual, y puede afectar la faringe, causando una faringitis asintomática. El guion menciona que la gonorrea está estrechamente relacionada con las relaciones orogenitales y puede ser confundida con una infección de vías respiratorias superiores.

💡Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH)

El VPH es un virus que se puede transmitir sexualmente y puede causar lesiones en la cavidad oral como verrugas o papilomas. El guion destaca que el VPH tiene varios tipos y que, aunque algunas manifestaciones son más comunes en niños, también se asocia con prácticas sexuales orales en adultos.

💡Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

El HSV es un virus que causa herpes, y se puede transmitir a través de las lesiones activas o los fluidos corporales. El guion menciona que hay dos tipos de HSV, donde el tipo 1 tradicionalmente se asocia con lesiones orales y el tipo 2 con lesiones genitales, aunque hoy en día se puede encontrar ambos tipos en ambas áreas.

💡Molluscum contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum es un virus que causa lesiones en la piel, conocidas como 'molluscos', y aunque no es muy común en la cavidad oral, se menciona en el guion que puede estar relacionado con prácticas sexuales orales. En el contexto del video, se destaca la importancia de considerar la inmunidad del paciente y la posibilidad de abuso sexual en niños.

💡Cytomegalovirus

El citomegalovirus es un virus común que infecta a la mayoría de los adultos y puede causar síntomas en las glándulas salivales y, ocasionalmente, ulceras en la cavidad oral. Aunque no se transmite a través de las prácticas sexuales orales, se menciona en el guion para destacar la variedad de infecciones virales que pueden afectar la boca.

💡Inmunidad

La inmunidad es un factor clave en la susceptibilidad a las ETS, como se discute en el guion. Un sistema inmunológico comprometido puede aumentar el riesgo de contraer y manifestar enfermedades, mientras que un sistema inmunitario saludable puede ayudar a prevenir o controlar las infecciones.

💡Practicas sexuales orales

Las prácticas sexuales orales, como la felación y la cunnilingus, se mencionan en el guion como métodos de transmisión de ETS. El video enfatiza la importancia de la protección y la higiene para reducir el riesgo de contraer infecciones a través de estas prácticas.

💡Manifestaciones orales

Las manifestaciones orales son síntomas o signos de enfermedades que aparecen en la cavidad oral. El guion describe varias manifestaciones orales asociadas con ETS, como ulceras, verrugas o plaques, y cómo estas pueden variar según el tipo de infección y la fase de la enfermedad.

💡Prevención

La prevención es un tema recurrente en el guion, abordando la importancia de la información, la higiene oral, el uso de preservativos y la atención médica temprana para evitar la transmisión y el desarrollo de ETS. El video subraya que la prevención es esencial para mantener una vida sexual saludable y evitar complicaciones a largo plazo.

Highlights

Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) también conocidas como enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS), son bacterias, virus y protozoarios que se transmiten a través del contacto sexual.

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha informado que más de un millón de personas se infectan diariamente con una ITS curable.

Cuatro enfermedades curables están fuertemente ligadas a la transmisión sexual: sífilis, gonorrea, clamidia y tricomoniasis.

Cuatro ITS incurables están principalmente asociadas con virus como el Virus del Herpes Simplex (VHS), el Virus de la Hepatitis B y el Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH).

El VIH (SIDA) también se transmite a través del contacto sexual y puede tener manifestaciones orales en su etapa avanzada.

La sífilis puede presentarse en la cavidad oral con manchas eritematosas o ulceraciones induradas asintomáticas llamadas cáncer de sífilis.

La gonorrea es una ITS común que puede causar faringoamigdalitis asintomática en la cavidad oral y es resistente al tratamiento.

El VPH puede causar verrugas, papilomas o condilomas en la cavidad oral, que son lesiones con una connotación sexual del 100%.

El VHS se puede transmitir por contacto directo con lesiones activas o a través de fluidos, incluyendo saliva, y puede causar herpes labiales o genitales.

El Molusco Contagioso es causado por un virus y puede presentar papulas nacaradas en la cavidad oral que están relacionadas con el sexo oral.

El Citomegalovirus es común en adultos y puede causar ulceras en la cavidad oral, aunque más comúnmente afecta las glándulas salivales.

El riesgo de contraer ITS aumenta con un mayor número de parejas sexuales y el no uso de preservativos.

El estado inmunológico del paciente es un factor clave en la manifestación y transmisión de ITS.

Las ITS se pueden transmitir a través de la saliva, tanto el que recibe como el que practica el sexo oral tiene riesgos.

El VIH/SIDA puede tener manifestaciones orales como la candidiasis y el sarcoma de Kaposi, pero estas son infecciones oportunistas en pacientes inmunocomprometidos.

El control de la carga viral y la toma de medicamentos antirretrovirales reduce la capacidad de transmisión del VIH y mejora la calidad de vida del paciente.

Transcripts

How can a sexually transmitted disease (STD) present in the mouth? what

are the demonstrations? What risks do we run when doing this type of practice? What is the

percentage that we can put our health at risk? And for that, well, there is Dr.

Bertha Patricia Guzmán Beltrán who is with us today and well, once again I

welcome you here to the doctor program. Very kind doctor; thanks above all for the space for

oral pathology. - What better way to avoid these contagions than information? What are

the sexually transmitted diseases that can reach our oral cavity through

oral sex? - Yes, well doctor, before addressing the subject, I would like to comment that they are known as

sexually transmitted diseases, however, since 1998, the World Health Organization

accepted to modify or believed that it was more appropriate, to change it to "Infections of Sexual Transmission"

since most, or some of these, are asymptomatic, so that both

terms may be correct, however, we will focus more on Sexually Transmitted Infections

(STDs). The World Health Organization has published until today,

that approximately every day, more than one million people contract a

curable SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION, that is, approximately they already know, through the information that is available,

that more of 30 bacteria, viruses and protozoa are those that are transmitted through

sexual intercourse, of these 30, 8 are those that are strongly linked to the mechanism of

sexual transmission, of these 8, 4 are curable diseases that are: syphilis, gonorrhea , chlamydia

and trichomoniasis; and 4 that are incurable diseases that are mainly associated with

viruses such as: Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) or Herpes Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, or

Human Papilloma Virus. - And where does HIV (AIDS) come in? - It would also be there, in infections

by virus transmission (virus-related). - Later we will explain,

in fact, the doctor brings some photographs of the patients' mouths, and she will give us details of

the main manifestations of each of them. Let's go with SYPHILIS please. -

Syphilis several years ago was considered practically an eradicated infection,

however, it currently represents the highest rate of frequency of sexually transmitted diseases;

this has a connotation of direct contact, that is, either genital, anal or oro-genital.

When we find, or it is important to tell patients that syphilis is going to have three stages:

the primary stage, when it is detected and the diagnosis is made, it no longer evolves into a secondary

or a tertiary stage, but it is important to mention that the primary one when there is orogenital contact

, the spirochete that is the TREPONEMA PALLIDUM has the ability to penetrate the mucosa

, so if there is direct contact with the tongue, with the lips, which are the most common sites,

with the affected area it will enter the spirochete, and in approximately half an hour it is already at the level

of lymph nodes, and from there it spreads to the bloodstream. At the site of the entrance of

the SPIROCHETE. We see an image on the tongue, where we find a macula, which is a spot,

so to speak, erytoma_violacia that is asymptomatic, and that in the course of about two

weeks will evolve into an ulcer, an indurated, asymptomatic ulcer, which can measure up to 3

centimeters in diameter with a yellowish background, and is known as the SYPHILITIC CHANCRUM,

there is the site of entry of the spirochete, which is when the diagnosis must be made,

however, between 30 to 40 % of Syphilis, are not diagnosed, and some patients

will evolve to secondary syphilis, which is characterized by presenting (we are talking

specifically in the oral cavity) with whitish plaques in the oropharynx area,

which are also asymptomatic, these occur in 50% of

secondary syphilis. - This spirochete, I imagine it's called that because it has a spiral shape, that's

why we were looking at the picture. - So is. - And well I understand...! And correct me if I'm

wrong! that it goes to secondary and tertiary when, as it is a disease, that you mentioned at the

beginning, that it is curable, it is produced by a bacterium, that the treponema was there,

then the antibiotic is taken, it is eradicated, the infection is eliminated disease, but if it is not done like this,

then it passes to a secondary infection, let's say where it affects more organs, and it invades, let's say,

that is, this infection spreads, right? - It is correct and it also has latency periods,

where there may not be any clinical manifestation, the patient thinks that he is already cured, when

in fact there is a dissemination of the infection, and we will only observe tertiary syphilis

in 30% of cases. patients, which are characterized by lesions in the oral cavity and in multiple other

sites but with the formation of granulomas, with the ability to destroy tissues. - This syphilitic chancre

is like an ulcer, a canker sore that bursts. - So is. - It's painful right? - No,

the chancre is painless, precisely for this reason patients do not worry so much,

since it is painless, they see it or detect it, but since it is painless, at that moment they may not know

where to go and they leave it; and since it regresses in a period of 3 to 6 weeks, then they think that

they are already cured. Gonorrhea, doctor, is the second most frequent "Sexually Transmitted Disease", it

is closely related to men who have sex with men, patients with

homosexual men or promiscuous men; here it is important to mention that the term promiscuous

is not discrimination, simply the World Health Organization for

academic, research and statistical purposes, defines a promiscuous person as a

person who has sexual relations with more than two people in a period less than six months,

then we are only naming it, as part of an investigation process, and the

publication of the article; then Gonorrhea, here we are going to focus that it is practically a

localized disease in men, therefore, oro-genital relations are very frequent,

and can be bidirectional at the time of having homosexual relations. We are seeing in the

image, a Gonococcal Pharyngitis, which is usually asymptomatic and can... is very resistant to

treatment, located in the part of the pharynx (it is very localized) and can also be the site.

It is closely related to the practices of or to "Oral Sex" specifically. - When the man

is the one receiving oral sex, it is "fellatio", and when it is the woman who receives oral sex,

"cunnilingus". - And there is also "anilingus", which is when it is oral sexual intercourse in the

anus. - All these practices have increased to prevent pregnancy, and well, it is part

of sexuality, however, well, it leads to risk. Gonorrhea is practically a

curable infection, a curable disease because it is caused by a bacterium, and

we can practically eradicate the bacterium, eliminate it with the use of antibiotics. You were showing

some reactions like that in your throat, which can sometimes be confused, I think, with tonsillitis,

with a serious period of respiratory tract infection. Here we go this virus,

which we already have here on the channel, on the YouTube channel "CLÍNICA DE ORTHODONCIA AVANZADA" several

human papillomavirus programs, you yourself gave us a program about one of the

manifestations, which is the " Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia" in children, which is a manifestation of

the human papillomavirus in the mouth. - It has increased up to 700% due to, as you mentioned,

social and sexual modifications; We can definitely find these,

where it is important to highlight that here the contagion mechanism, the form of contagion, can be

transplacental, perinatal, by contact with fomites, that is, contaminated surfaces,

but definitely also self-inoculation or sexual intercourse, in this case. In this case, we are going to talk about

sexual intercourse, which requires direct contact, whether genital, anal, or

oro-genital, and the most common lesions that we can find are: warts, papilloma,

which it is important to refer to as It had already been commented, it has a tropism or affinity for

epithelial cells, and in the oral cavity we have the advantage that we find keratin in some

keratinized areas, therefore they offer a barrier, as protection, therefore the

most common places to locate them They will be those places where

these characterized areas are not found, such as: floor of the mouth, labial mucosa, soft palate and

lateral edges of the tongue . It is also closely associated with oral sex and definitely these lesions

that are warty or papillary, each one has its characteristics, but for

today's topic we cover them in a general way, warts are very important, in fact warts are

known as the "venereal wart" and this has a 100% sexual connotation. - Because

the Papilloma Virus has several manifestations in the mouth, it can be as you already mentioned: an Epithelial Hyperplasia

, it can be a Wart, a Papilloma or a Condyloma. - So is. - Of these 4 lesions,

for example Condyloma, it is the one that is most associated with sexual activity. - That's right doctor,

definitely; in fact it is a lotion that is when it is located in pediatric patients,

sexual abuse must be ruled out. - Let's see the following infection of the "Herpes

Simplex Virus" can it be acquired by self-inoculation doctor or can it also be by oral sex? - Yes,

definitely the transmission mechanism is with active lesions, or also through fluids,

and in this case it would also be related to saliva. It is important to know that there are two types,

to inform people that originally type 1 was associated with oral lesions, and type 2 with

genital lesions; however, today, there is a crossed dissemination manifesting itself in both

mucous membranes. Here the main characteristic, as you commented, doctor, the first infection

is located in pediatric ages, being able to develop primary "Herpetic Gingivostomatitis"

and later they are recurrences, with herpes as we know it, with small

ulcers, vesicles that later evolve into ulcers being multiples in the

mucous areas, and this can also be definitively due to orogenital infection. - Very well, what happens

is that once the virus is acquired, even if the pain is cured or cured, the manifestation,

the burning in the mouth, the canker sores are removed but the latent virus remains, and then at a certain

moment when the defenses go down again, in a year, in two years, in five years

the manifestations can reappear, right? - That's right, it's reactivated. - It reactivates, then,

that is why people when they have a fire, a fire that is also a

herpes simplex virus (it is normally associated with it then) suddenly the fires come out; there are people who

suffer from fires when their defenses drop a little. - These are the least known

and are less frequent (MOLUSCUS CONTAGIOSUS), molluscum contagiosum is caused by a virus,

the appearance or manifestations in the oral cavity are not very frequent, however when it is

located in the oral cavity, it is related to orogenital sex. This is characterized by

presenting mainly in men, women or homosexual patients and can be spread. It is

important to mention that also with some contaminated areas such as: towels, utensils or bottles,

in swimming pool areas for example, in children, however, if it is found in the genitals, it is

also necessary to look for or rule out sexual abuse. In the oral cavity, it first begins as macules,

later they become nacreous papules or nodules and are located mainly on the skin,

this is an opportunistic infection, which when found in multiple forms,

it is necessary to rule out that the patient has AIDS or some immunosuppression severe,

we also find the "Cytomegalovirus" which is mainly... well almost the majority of

adults, with 80% will have antibodies for it, ulcers can occur in the oral cavity,

however it is important to mention that they have greater affection in salivary glands, causing

viral sialadenitis. - How true is it that obviously we can avoid suffering from all these

infections or these diseases or transmission by having good hygiene, avoiding having lesions

in the mouth, ulcers, canker sores and obviously avoiding, if we have any such lesions, practices

such as Oral Sex? ? - Yes, the risk factors definitely increase with a greater

number of sexual partners, also the non-use of protection barriers is another risk factor,

and definitely, although these can be spread or are sexually

transmitted infections, it is also very important. As you refer to it, how intact is the mucosa,

since any erosion will depend on or will facilitate the entry of the microorganism,

access being much easier in some of them, and definitely also the

patient's compromise or immunological status. , because it is very likely that I had contact

and caught one of the diseases mentioned above, but I do not necessarily

manifest the disease. So it also depends a lot on the immune status of each

patient. - And also explain to the public that just as one can get infected with

Oral Sex practices, one can also transmit these infections to another person with saliva, that is, it

is vice versa, that is, both the one who receives, and the one who gives. - Yes, in fact, they are infections

in a couple. We leave for the last, of all these sexually transmitted diseases, what is the

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, better known as AIDS or also well, sometimes it

occurs with HIV. - That's right doctor, here it is very important to mention that as such, the "Human

Immunodeficiency Virus" is going to be transmitted through sexual contact. the possibility that

there is transmissibility through orogenital contact is minimal, however it is important

to refer and make a big difference here, that HIV is going to have oral manifestations,

and especially when it enters the AIDS stage we are going to Candidiasis

and Kaposi's Sarcoma can be found very frequently, but these are opportunistic diseases or infections located in a

patient with severe immunocompromise, that is, the oral manifestations in these patients

will depend on the CD4 count (T4 lymphocytes) and of the viral load, not because... for example,

Candidiasis is not transmissible, if I explain myself? and it is typical of the disease depending on

the patient's immune status, however, Kaposi's Sarcoma, which is

caused by the human virus type 8, could be transmitted through contact with saliva,

but does not necessarily mean that it transmits HIV, nor that a Kaposi's Sarcoma developed,

it is simply contagious, but it does not have to develop the disease. And what

about the viral load? to say something, in a person who has AIDS, who already has the manifestations

or who has HIV and is taking their antiretroviral medication. - When they become loads,

depending on the treatment (currently with highly active antiretroviral therapy)

they can have undetectable loads, therefore, HIV is not transmissible and the

oral manifestations of the disease are related depending on the load viral,

that is, there are oral manifestations that can become more severe when the patient has a

viral load, the higher the viral load and the lower the CD4 (T4 LYMPHOCYTES) count, the greater

the manifestations will be in the oral cavity. - And therefore the risk is greater, it increases. So

patients who are well controlled, patients who take their medication, because they have

the lowest rate of being able to transmit it. - That's right, and it increases their quality of life and they can be

perfectly fine for many years. With a good quality of life. These are videos with topics of

the doctor's specialty, which she handles and with very interesting, very important clinical cases,

where the doctor has come here to the program to talk about Chondrosarcomas, she has

also come to talk about Squamous Cell Carcinoma, how it is they take the Biopsies, of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

type 1, Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type 2, sometimes associated with crystal children, that is what

type 1 and type 2 refer to, Sjögren's Syndrome, which occurs in people with dry mouth, and as already We comment on Focal Epithelial

Hyperplasia or human papillomavirus in children; in children, why

it occurs, there is a very specific presentation. We also have here in the program, speaking

of candidiasis, which, as you mention, is not specifically that candidiasis is transmitted,

but rather when the defenses are lowered, and sometimes it is common in children, that they are called

Milkweed, Muguet, Toads in some parts of the country. Well, well, I want to clarify here

as to what the sexual part is, of oral sex, there are practically many taboos. I am sure

that I will receive questions on the YouTube channel "Clínica de Ortodoncia Avanzada"

Please subscribe, we answer all the questions, all the doubts, but they will ask me, what is

the rate if this type of practice is carried out ? going to infect? How soon do

lesions appear? Is there any index that manifests the...?- It really all depends on the specific

infection that is being transmitted, and each of the lesions that we have mentioned have

a different incubation time, so the clinical manifestations have a

different time. . - Unfortunately, time has run out. See you next time!