The Luzon Literature ¦ ENG SUB

Summary

The video script explores the rich diversity of literature in Luzon, Philippines, highlighting the oral traditions and early literary forms across its seven political regions. It emphasizes the influence of cultural differences on literature, the role of the printing press in its development, and the importance of periodicals in popularizing poetry and fiction. The summary also touches on the varied themes in Luzon literature, from social issues to local life, and the use of multiple languages, including Spanish and English, reflecting the region's colonial history.

Takeaways

• 🗺️ Luzon is divided into seven political regions, each with its unique cultural and literary contributions.
• 📚 Luzon has the most political regions among the three major island groups in the Philippines, leading to a rich diversity in literature.
• 🎭 Oral lore and early forms of literature are common across Luzon, including myths, epic poetry, songs, and chants.
• 🏔️ The Cordilleras are known for their religious and ritual-associated narrative and poetic texts, such as myths, legends, and riddles.
• 🎤 Northern Luzon, particularly Ilocos, has performance arts like 'dallot' and 'dung-aw', which are part of wedding and death rituals.
• 📖 Pangasinan literature features early folk forms like 'uliran', 'diparan', and 'pabitla', representing legends, maxims, and riddles.
• 🎼 Kapampangan literature includes riddles, folksongs, and children’s rhymes, with literature catering to different social classes during Spanish colonization.
• 📜 Central Luzon and Southern Tagalog regions share riddles known as 'bugtong' and have war songs like 'kumintang'.
• 📚 Bicol literature is characterized by proverbs, riddles, songs, and folk narratives, with 'ariwaga' being a notable form.
• 🖨️ The invention of the printing press greatly influenced the development of literature in the Philippines, especially in Luzon.
• 📰 Periodicals like newspapers and magazines played a significant role in propagating the literature of different provinces in Luzon.
• 📝 The content of literary pieces varies, reflecting social responsibility, dreams, aspirations, and unique local life experiences.
• 🌐 The language of literary works in Luzon differs by region, with some works produced in Spanish and English due to colonial influences.
• 📘 The University of the Philippines was pivotal in the creation of Philippine Literature in English and promoted bilingual and multilingual literary works.

Q & A

How many political regions does Luzon comprise?

Luzon comprises seven political regions.

What are the seven political regions of Luzon?

The seven political regions of Luzon are Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR), Ilocos (Region 1), Cagayan Valley (Region II), Central Luzon (Region III), CALABARZON (Region IV-A), MIMAROPA (Region IV-B), and the Bicol Region (Region V).

What is the significance of the diversity of literature from the different regions of Luzon?

The diversity of literature from Luzon's regions is significant because it reflects the different cultures, traditions, and beliefs of the people from these areas.

What are some examples of oral lore and early forms of literature from the Cordilleras?

Examples of oral lore and early forms of literature from the Cordilleras include myths, epic poetry, songs, chants, legends, folktales, riddles, and proverbs.

What is the purpose of the chants 'dallot' and 'dung-aw' in Northern Luzon?

The chants 'dallot' and 'dung-aw' in Northern Luzon are used during specific cultural practices; 'dallot' is recited during weddings, while 'dung-aw' narrates the pain and joy of the departed during death and lamentation practices among the Ilocanos.

How did the Spanish colonization influence the types of Kapampangan literature?

During the Spanish colonization, Kapampangan literature catered to different classes, with literature pieces intended for Spanish-speaking elites, native-speaking friars, and oral lore for the working class.

What is the role of the printing press in the development of literature in the Philippines?

The advent of the printing press in the fifteenth century greatly influenced the development of literature in the Philippines by allowing for the printing of many books, including religious works and other literary pieces, which helped promote Catholicism and made literature more accessible.

How did periodicals contribute to the propagation of literature in Luzon?

Periodicals like newspapers and magazines, such as Bannawag and Pangasinan Review, contributed to the propagation of literature in Luzon by making poetry and fiction popular in the regions.

What types of content were commonly found in the literary pieces produced in Luzon?

The literary pieces produced in Luzon often included works on social responsibility, dreams and aspirations, unique life experiences of the Ilocanos and the Tagalogs, farming experiences, and agrarian unrest.

How did the use of different languages in writing reflect the cultural influences in Luzon?

The use of different languages in writing, including regional languages, Spanish, and English, reflected the cultural influences in Luzon, with Spanish and English being introduced by colonizers and the University of the Philippines playing a significant role in the production of Philippine Literature in English.

How did writers from Luzon demonstrate their bilingual and multilingual abilities?

Writers from Luzon demonstrated their bilingual and multilingual abilities by translating each other's works or their own works into different languages, showcasing their versatility and ability to reach a wider audience.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Diverse Literary Forms of Luzon

This paragraph delves into the rich tapestry of literature from the various regions of Luzon, highlighting the diversity stemming from the island's distinct cultures, traditions, and beliefs. It emphasizes the common thread of oral lore and early literary forms across these regions, such as myths, epic poetry, songs, and chants, which are often tied to religious ceremonies and rituals. Specific examples from the Cordilleras, Northern Luzon, Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Central Luzon, and Bicol literature are provided, showcasing the unique forms of expression in each area. The paragraph also touches on the influence of the Spanish colonization on literature, the role of the printing press in its development, and the importance of periodicals in propagating regional literature. The summary concludes with the varied themes of Luzon's literary works, which include social responsibility, dreams, aspirations, and agrarian life.

05:02

🌐 Linguistic Diversity in Luzon's Literature

The second paragraph explores the linguistic diversity in Luzon's literary works, influenced by both Spanish and English due to colonization. It underscores the University of the Philippines' role in promoting English in tertiary education and its impact on the creation of what is now known as Philippine Literature in English. The paragraph also discusses the multilingual capabilities of Luzon's writers, who not only produced works in their regional languages but also translated works between languages, including Spanish and English. The summary highlights the writers' ability to articulate the realities of life in different mediums, showcasing their bilingual and multilingual prowess and the promotion of regional literature.

Keywords

💡Luzon

Luzon is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines, comprising seven political regions. It serves as the central theme of the video, illustrating the diversity of cultures, traditions, and literature across its regions. The video emphasizes how the island's political divisions contribute to the rich tapestry of oral and written literature, showcasing the island's cultural heritage.

💡Political Regions

The video mentions seven political regions within Luzon, each with its own distinct cultural identity and literary traditions. These regions include the Cordillera Administrative Region, Ilocos, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, the Bicol Region, and the National Capital Region. The concept of political regions is crucial as it underpins the diversity of literature and oral traditions discussed in the video.

💡Oral Lore

Oral lore refers to the traditional stories, myths, and legends passed down through generations by word of mouth. In the context of the video, oral lore is a common thread among the diverse regions of Luzon, reflecting shared cultural practices and beliefs. Examples from the script include the myths, epic poetry, and chants of the Cordilleras, which are integral to their religious ceremonies and rituals.

💡Literary Forms

The video discusses various literary forms present in Luzon's regions, such as myths, epic poetry, songs, chants, legends, folktales, riddles, and proverbs. These forms are indicative of the rich cultural heritage and artistic expressions of the people. The video highlights how these forms have evolved and been adapted to different social contexts, from religious ceremonies to everyday life.

💡Cultural Diversity

Cultural diversity is a key concept in the video, emphasizing the variety of cultures, traditions, and beliefs found across Luzon's regions. This diversity is reflected in the literature and oral traditions, with each region having its unique expressions and themes. The video uses the example of the different chants and folk forms in Northern Luzon and Pangasinan to illustrate the concept.

💡Spanish Colonization

The video touches on the impact of Spanish colonization on Philippine literature, particularly on the types of literature produced during that era. Spanish colonization introduced new themes and forms of literature, such as religious works and metrical romances, which catered to different social classes. The video notes how oral lore was intended for the working class, while written works in Spanish and later in English were produced for the elites and educated classes.

💡Printing Press

The advent of the printing press in the fifteenth century is highlighted as a significant factor in the development of literature in the Philippines. The video explains how the printing press facilitated the production and dissemination of written works, including religious texts, metrical romances, and zarzuelas. This technological advancement is credited with helping to popularize literature and promote Catholicism in the regions of Luzon.

💡Periodicals

Periodicals such as newspapers and magazines played a crucial role in propagating literature in Luzon, as mentioned in the video. They provided a platform for the publication of poetry, fiction, and other literary works, making them accessible to a wider audience. The video cites examples like Bannawag and Pangasinan Review, which were instrumental in popularizing poetry and fiction in their respective regions.

💡Bilingual and Multilingual Writers

The video discusses the phenomenon of bilingual and multilingual writers in Luzon, who contributed to the richness of the region's literature by translating works across languages. This practice allowed for the exchange of ideas and cultural expressions, enhancing the diversity of literary output. The video implies that this linguistic versatility was a response to the region's cultural and historical context, including the influence of colonizers and the promotion of regional literature.

💡Regional Literature

Regional literature refers to the body of literary works that are specific to a particular region, reflecting its unique cultural, historical, and social characteristics. The video emphasizes the importance of promoting regional literature to preserve and celebrate the distinct identities of Luzon's diverse regions. It also notes how regional literature often includes themes of social responsibility, dreams, aspirations, and local experiences, as seen in the works that depict the life of the Ilocanos and the Tagalogs.

Highlights

Luzon is comprised of seven political regions, each with distinct cultures, traditions, and beliefs.

Luzon has the most number of political regions among the three major island groups in the Philippines.

Despite regional differences, Luzon regions share commonalities in oral lore and early forms of literature.

The Cordilleras have a rich tradition of myths, epic poetry, songs, chants, legends, folktales, riddles, and proverbs.

Northern Luzon, particularly Ilocos Province, has unique performance arts like dallot and dung-aw.

Dallot and dung-aw are chants that predate drama and are associated with life and death rituals.

Pangasinan's literature includes uliran, diparan, pabitla, and bonikew, representing early folk forms.

Kapampangan literature is made up of riddles, folksongs, children’s rhymes, and folktales.

Spanish colonization influenced the types of Kapampangan literature, catering to different social classes.

Oral lore was intended for the working class during the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.

Central Luzon and Southern Tagalog regions have their own version of riddles known as bugtong.

Bicol literature features proverbs, riddles, songs, and folk narratives as part of their oral tradition.

The invention of the printing press in the fifteenth century greatly influenced the development of literature globally, including the Philippines.

Printing of religious works in Luzon helped promote Catholicism and contributed to the flourishing of written literature.

Metrical romances and zarzuelas gained popularity in Luzon, reflecting the region's literary diversity.

Periodicals like newspapers and magazines played a role in propagating literature in Luzon.

Bannawag and Pangasinan Review were instrumental in making poetry and fiction popular in their regions.

Literary pieces produced in Luzon vary in content, from social responsibility to the unique life of locals.

Farming experiences and agrarian unrest are depicted in Luzon's fictional literature.

The language used in Luzon's writings differs by region, with some works produced in Spanish and English due to colonial influences.

The University of the Philippines was instrumental in the production of Philippine Literature in English.

Regional literature in Luzon was promoted through various mediums, showcasing writers' bilingual and multilingual abilities.

Writers from Luzon articulated the realities of life in different pieces, regardless of the medium used.

Transcripts

Luzon is comprised of seven political regions:

Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR), Ilocos (Region 1), Cagayan Valley (Region II), Central Luzon (Region III),

CALABARZON (Region IV-A), MIMAROPA (Region IV-B), the Bicol Region (Region V), and the National Capital Region (NCR).

Among the three major island groups in the country, Luzon has the most number of political regions.

As such, literature coming from these regions is diverse. Of course, this mainly because of the people who make them have different cultures, traditions, and beliefs.

However, despite this fact, these regions from Luzon share something in common – the existence of oral lore and the early forms of literature.

The Cordilleras have their myths, epic poetry, songs, chants, legends, folktales, riddles, and proverbs.

Their narrative and poetic texts are associated with religious ceremonies or the performance of rituals.

The same forms are present in Northern Luzon, particularly in Ilocos Province. Worth mentioning among these are the chants dallot and dung-aw.

Although considered as performance art, these two antedated the drama.

Dallot is a chant recited during weddings while dung-aw narrates the pain and joy of the departed as it is a death and lamentation practice among the Ilocanos.

In the case of literature from Pangasinan, uliran or legends, diparan or maxims, pabitla or bonikew or riddles represent the early folk forms.

Similarly, riddles, folksongs, children’s rhymes, and foltales comprised Kapampangan literature. During the Spanish colonization of the Philippines,

the types of Kapampangan literature catered to different classes. There were literature pieces intended for the Spanish-speaking elites and the native-speaking friars.

Oral lore was intended for the working class.

The Central Luzon and the Southern Tagalog regions have their own version of riddles or bugtong. They are also known as for the old war song or kumintang.

Finally, Bicol literature has proverbs, riddles, songs, and folk narratives that make up their oral tradition.

Their ariwaga or sasabihon refers to the two- or four-line pithy saying in verse.

Aside from the oral tradition, the advent of the printing press influenced the development of literature in the country.

The invention of the printing press in the fifteenth century which paved the way for the printing of many books helped

tremendously in the development and flourishing of written or printed literature not only in European countries but in other countries as well, including the Philippines.

In the different regions in Luzon, printing of religious works such as those on cathechism, life and Passion of Jesus Christ, lives of saints,

and devotional exercises almost happened one after the other to help promote Catholicism. Other works such as metrical romances and zarzuelas started to gain popularity too.

Many writers specialized in composing songs, poems, stories, and plays.

It is notable too that periodicals like newspapers and magazines were helpful in propagating the literature of different provinces in Luzon.

Some of these are Bannawag and Pangasinan Review, which started publication. Along with other dailies published in Luzon,

these two were instrumental in making poetry and fiction popular in the regions.

Contents of literary pieces produced vary. These ranged from the works on social responsibility, the dreams and aspirations, as well as the unique life of the Ilocanos and the Tagalogs,

which capitalized on local colour. Likewise, farming experiences are depicted in fictions. They even have agrarian unrest as the topic of their prose.

The language used in writings differs, depending on the language of a region. There were, however,

those produced in Spanish and in English due to the influence of the colonizers. In particular, the University of the Philippines,

which became the forerunner in the use of English in tertiary education, was instrumental in the production of the literary pieces that would be

referred to as Philippine Literature in English.

With the promotion of regional literature, writers did not use only a single medium.

They exhibited their being bilingual and multilingual writers by translating each other’s works or their own works.

Whatever medium is used, writers from Luzon articulated in different pieces the realities of life.