PPG 1.1 Introduction to Politics and Governance

Summary

The video introduces the concepts of politics and governance, explaining their relationship and the importance of power, governance, and government. It defines politics as the process determining the distribution of power and resources, and outlines the roles of government, state, and community. The script delves into types of power, including soft, expert, and legitimate power, and discusses accountability and responsibility in governance. It also highlights issues of corruption and misuse of power, emphasizing the need for good governance and justice to ensure effective political systems.

Takeaways

• 📚 Politics is the process that determines the distribution of power and resources, involving human behavior related to governance.
• 🏛️ Governance refers to the structures and systems through which political power is exercised and regulated.
• 🧑‍🤝‍🧑 Community is a group of people with shared identities or interests, not necessarily based on location.
• 🔝 Government is a higher level of social order responsible for creating and enforcing laws and policies.
• 🌍 The state is the highest form of political association, comprising citizens, government, territory, and sovereignty.
• ⚖️ Power is the ability to influence or control the behavior of others, and can be exercised through various means such as authority, knowledge, and personal influence.
• 🔨 Different types of power include coercive power (based on threats), reward power (ability to provide benefits), expert power (based on knowledge), legitimate power (based on position), and referent power (based on personality and charisma).
• 📜 Max Weber classified power into charismatic (based on personal traits), traditional (based on customs), and legal-rational (based on laws and regulations).
• 🗳️ Citizenship in a democratic society involves both rights and responsibilities, including participation in governance through voting and other forms of civic engagement.
• 🌐 Governance also involves ensuring accountability and responsibility among public officials, who must uphold the law and act in the public's best interest.

Q & A

What is the relationship between politics and governance?

Politics refers to the process of determining the distribution of power and resources, while governance involves the methods and processes used by governments and other organizations to manage and distribute power and resources effectively.

How is politics defined in political science?

In political science, politics is defined as the human behavior related to governance, involving activities such as the creation, amendment, and enforcement of social norms and roles.

What are the basic principles of politics mentioned in the script?

The basic principles of politics discussed include order, power, and justice, with order being central to political science and involving the structured organization of society.

What is the role of a community in politics?

A community is a social group with common interests, ideology, or location, which plays a role in influencing political decisions and contributing to the social structure and identity.

How is government described in the script?

Government is described as a higher level of social order responsible for executing and enforcing the will of the state, confined by a set of laws, rules, and traditional customs.

What are the main sources of power for the government?

The main sources of power for the government include its citizens or population, its territory, and its sovereignty, which allows it to exercise control and implement laws.

What are the different types of power mentioned in the script?

The script mentions several types of power: coercive power (based on the ability to enforce rules through threats and punishments), expert power (relying on knowledge and skills), legitimate power (based on a person's role or position), referent power (based on personal traits and ability to attract followers), and reward power (ability to offer benefits).

What are the classifications of power according to Max Weber?

Max Weber classifies power into charismatic authority (based on personal qualities), traditional authority (based on established customs and values), and legal-rational authority (based on a system of laws and regulations).

What responsibilities do citizens have in a democratic society?

Citizens have the responsibility to be informed about social issues, exercise their rights responsibly, and participate in democratic processes such as voting, running for public office, and engaging in referendums and initiatives.

What is the significance of accountability in governance?

Accountability is crucial in governance as it ensures that public officials are held responsible for their actions and decisions, promoting transparency, integrity, and the effective use of power for the common good.

How can misuse of power by public officials manifest?

Misuse of power by public officials can manifest as graft (using public funds for personal gain) and corruption (favoring private interests), as well as procedural violations and unethical practices in various areas of their work.

What mechanisms are in place to address the misuse of power in governance?

Mechanisms to address misuse of power include investigation by commissions, legal actions, and audits by independent bodies to ensure that public officials adhere to laws and regulations and use their power responsibly.

What is the relationship between justice and good governance?

Justice is essential for good governance, as it ensures fair and impartial treatment of all citizens, upholding the rule of law and protecting rights, which is necessary for the effective and equitable functioning of society.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Politics and Governance

This paragraph introduces the concepts of politics and governance, highlighting the importance of understanding power, governance, and government. Politics is described as the process determining the distribution of power and resources, involving human behavior and decision-making. The paragraph also touches on the basic principles of politics, order, power, and justice, emphasizing the role of communities and governments in social order and governance.

05:01

🌟 Types and Sources of Power

This paragraph discusses the classification of power, referencing German sociologist Max Weber's theories. It outlines different types of power, including charismatic, traditional, and legal-rational authority. Charismatic authority is based on personal qualities, traditional authority on social norms and values, and legal-rational authority on laws and regulations. The paragraph also emphasizes the role of citizens in democratic societies, their rights and responsibilities, and the importance of responsible exercise of power to maintain democracy and good governance.

10:03

🛡️ Accountability and Corruption

This paragraph explores the concepts of accountability and corruption within public governance. It stresses the importance of public officials fulfilling their duties ethically and in the public's best interest. Examples of misuse of power, such as graft and corruption, are given, along with the mechanisms in place to investigate and address these issues, including the role of the Ombudsman and other government bodies in ensuring accountability and proper use of power.

15:04

🏛️ Elements of Political Science

This paragraph provides an overview of key concepts in political science, such as the study of politics, political communities, and the elements of a state. It explains the empirical approach to political science, focusing on descriptive and objective analysis of political realities. The paragraph also covers essential elements of a state, including population, territory, government, and sovereignty, and discusses the role of ideology and political theories in shaping government actions and policies. The section concludes with a mention of the next lesson on governance.

Keywords

💡Politics

Politics refers to the process of determining the distribution of power and resources in a society. It involves human behavior related to governance and the creation, amendment, and enforcement of social norms and rules. In the script, politics is described as the interplay of various influences and decisions that shape societal order and justice.

💡Governance

Governance is the act of governing, which includes making decisions, implementing policies, and ensuring compliance with rules and regulations. It involves various levels of social order, from local communities to state governments. The script highlights the importance of governance in maintaining order and achieving collective goals.

💡Power

Power is the ability to influence or control the behavior of people and institutions. It can be exercised through authority, expertise, or social influence. The script discusses different types of power, such as soft power, expert power, and legitimate power, and provides examples of how power is used in various contexts.

💡Government

Government is an organized system that exercises authority over a community or state. It is responsible for making and enforcing laws, providing public services, and ensuring social order. The script describes the government's role in executing and exercising the will of the state within a defined territory and population.

💡Community

A community is a group of people with common interests, values, or identities. It can be based on location, ideology, profession, or other shared characteristics. The script mentions different types of communities, such as those formed by senior citizens or professionals, and emphasizes the importance of social bonds and common goals.

💡State

The state is the highest form of political organization, encompassing a defined territory, population, government, and sovereignty. It represents a stable social order achieved through cooperation and governance. The script explains that the state is composed of various elements and is recognized as a legal entity in international relations.

💡Legitimate Power

Legitimate power is based on an individual's or institution's position and role within a social structure. It is the recognized authority to exercise power in specific contexts. The script uses examples such as leaders in group projects or government officials who have the right to make decisions and enforce rules.

💡Expert Power

Expert power relies on an individual's knowledge and skills, making them an authority in specific fields. People with expert power are often consulted for critical decisions. The script references engineers asked for evaluations and opinions, illustrating how expertise is valued and utilized in governance and decision-making.

💡Citizenship

Citizenship refers to the status of being a member of a state, with rights and responsibilities. It includes participating in governance through voting, running for office, and upholding democratic values. The script highlights the importance of responsible citizenship in maintaining a democratic society and exercising power effectively.

💡Accountability

Accountability involves being responsible for one's actions and their consequences, especially in governance. It ensures that public officials act in the best interests of the people and uphold legal and moral standards. The script discusses the significance of accountability in preventing misuse of power and ensuring good governance.

Highlights

Introduction to politics and governance, explaining the relationship between the two.

Definition of politics as the process determining the distribution of power and resources.

Explanation of human behavior in politics and its impact on government actions.

Concept of community as an association of individuals sharing common identity and interests.

Definition of government as the highest level of social order responsible for implementing rules and policies.

Explanation of the state as the largest social order, encompassing various elements such as government, territory, and sovereignty.

Description of power as the ability to control and influence others within a group or society.

Introduction to different types of power: coercive, reward, expert, legitimate, and referent power.

Max Weber's classification of power: charismatic, traditional, and legal-rational authority.

Role of citizens in a democratic society, including rights and responsibilities.

Discussion on the importance of accountability and responsibility in governance.

Explanation of graft and corruption as forms of political corruption.

Description of safeguards to ensure accountability and prevent abuse of power.

Importance of justice and its role in good governance.

Overview of the empirical and normative approaches in political science.

Transcripts

stel emmer en ik kom terug met de lijn

nieuwe barack uit de groep

welcome to develop and politics and

governance course introduction to

politics and governance

traptoren jazz at the end of the gutter

der sar expected to be able to explain

the concept and relationship of politics

and governance and understand the

importance of powertex

governance and government

politics

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distribution of power and resources in

als er refresh de theorie en praktisch

of help people influence anders in

making decisions and carrying out

projector programs as defined and

political science

politics refers to the human behavior

met de garde matters related the

government actieve regisseur is de

creation

made and send amendment of social norms

and roles

basic principles of politics order

power and justice order order is central

to the story of powertex picasa shows

different components of you and society

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structures and order and political

science

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sociale ladder met refers to the

association of individueel recherche

come and identity community has not only

be further de commonality of your

location to others community als een

reverse de people of the same ideology

skills of interest for example de ark

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communities voor professionals in de cm

field to government

de government is een higher level of

social order derks is primarily voor de

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rules and traditional customs 3

steeds

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day and in which de term politics

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the highest form of you mean association

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ergste order brought by you and

cooperation and the green knight de

states can not be reduced to single

institutions such as the government

there are various elements er kamp riser

steeds such as its citizens of

population

de government de territory en dit

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en of de government

de position the governor rural de steeds

power refers to the ability to exercise

controller en boos restrictions over

individuele

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kaas voor sample

in een group project there is usually

someone who takes on the position of

bing de leader die origineel hadden

power to assign kaas

schedule meer ups and decide on

different aspects of the project

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site voor groep houding likes en

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tire population hal had responsibility'

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john french and bird rhemrev een bizar

want over soft power users based on a

person's ability to compile other people

feel frets punishment and forth to

reward teller

this is the ability of een individueel

oor en institution to the horns and

benefits

3 expert power relies on the knowledge

and skills of die individueel

this is why experts on different body of

knowledge er usually i looked upon to

decide on critical situaties concerning

their field of expertise voor sample

potje derek ingenieur will be asked for

an opinion if an evaluation is

negerinnen surrey en following my

earthquake voor

module met power is based on a person's

position

rol en duurt is en group is een

individueel person has the legitimate

power for specifiek position

danny of she has the right to exercise

de power of a position

five mijn vriend power is based on

individuele personality en de billen

ritueel trekt followers

voor sample nowadays there are lots of

people who called him self influencer

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experts in de fields dh show zijn te

porno twitter followers body but they're

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beauty

classification of power based on a vs

proposed by german sociology and

philosopher

max weber one carries marieke dollar day

dit is based on the personal qualities

of the individuele hield de power

de persoon theorie is recognized based

on his or her traits and how your cis

precies bij other people to

traditional het idee is rather than

traditional values and existing social

tires and institutions for example as en

member

royal families princes and princesses

already has earned a tour du port and

they're just exo nieuwe sf held

3 legal rationale for a day is based on

a system of laws and regulations and

established pirogue ac power

in this context depend on an

individual's position in de social

hierarchy en de power view or she is

able to exercise b stannis tablet maïs

power and citizenship and democratic

society is zakjes de philippines

de people being dus over en people.com

poos besteed heeft power given by the

government rm

door bill of rights artikel 4i of de 19e

die cellen philippine constitution

in nummer i tried en privileged

guarantee bij de steek uw het stof en

citizens wie is right

intern comes with and responsibilities

which citizens mast vol veel in order to

exercise power and participate in a

democracy

voor sample filippino's arjen tafeltje

freedom of the press

free speech and expression this right

hell ever impulsrespons ability to be

aware of social issues in responsible

exercise of this right mijn liefde mis

information in beijing en hate speech en

bekering violence undermines democracy

and good governance

de power of series and therefore is al

die effectieve en binnen fiche lift dan

in een responsible manner

dus theehuis in stripvorm means that

enables dit is een studie radley

participate in government

bizar one so fresh suffered is de power

of citizens to vote in public

collections s wel eens run for public on

fast to referendum

dit is similar to relax een paar in

sterren veel acting officials

citizens for origins to propose a love

for example on january of 2019 een

referendum was heldens en regions of

mondiaal in order to vote for origins de

baisemeaux raoul

3 kleppen site refers to the process by

which it is een te proeven of propose to

change the constitution

voor sample er was een lange takken run

2013 about the philippines changing it's

cover natuur farrell system but there

was not enough supporters voor platte

site to be held voor

and so tough de power of the people to

proposed amendments to the constitution

tof super boos en de nacht legislations

for more information on death

please read republic a number 6735 een

title-tag verwarring voor een systeem of

initiatieven en referendum en de

profilering van vijf power bevalt dit is

een unconventional means by which tussen

de sunshower and influence on politics

uniform zijn vervuld meer of en arm

violent and invite citizens in beijing

cover met forces in hostile er is

however during twentieth century

kies volger vol tevens you all over the

world to advance for political process

for example

during the indian independance movement

in 1920

mahatma gandhi light and non violent

resistance against british colonial rol

de nineteen resets revolution in the

philippines al zo een val mumbai led

protests responsibility and

accountability doos waarin powershot 0

de consequenties of having that our

learning about responsibility and

accountability is therefore essential to

all the winter de citizens alles take

responsibility is closely tied to

application that refers to een

efficiëntere individueel is required to

perform goddelijke facials

in particular heb specifiek

responsibilities and exercising there

for a day

legal responsibilities referred to as a

publication sublime blah blah dan

properly

officials may be investigated of perzik

europe by the government moral

responsibilities prefers to doing

auctions are considered to be more easy

and socially acceptable

accountability refers to the ik nooit

iemand of responsibility for auction and

its consequences responsibility and

accountability arm portal concepts in

governance

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to perform their obligations and to

uphold the coming button best interests

of the people met in nurture restricties

die actief en lees meer public official

meer views power

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use for their eyes power for legal ex en

stemming die on balance of the right and

actions for example a group of blies

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regard voor de rules or power preciezer

voor simpel samen government agencies

require al apen kent tussen met er

credentials en requirements to the

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regional offices arno love to accept

these applications and sewer

liederentafel kent u de central office

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relatief met in de cm offices and

sometimes but these relatieve snogging

country de peper hiring process of the

use of our reverse team is kan dat in

office

the official performance on lovell

auctions wel in afs some examples arno

rendering papier hours in the office

building of verrassing employees of

requesting staaf te duur personal

favourite switzar not part of their

share this de meeste identiek sample of

reviews of power is craft and corruption

graphic is een vorm of political

corruption word official user

public funds for his or her personal

game russian on the other hand is de us

of authority of insurance for private

interest groups and can be seen in

various akzo actueel ii saskatoon uit

nep het is een primary of in florence

paddling

some times public officials ik nooit

bricolo center procedures and different

area's of their work such as per frame

blog relatieve storing high and improve

your programs at standard materials in

the construction project en de crafting

de rest aan de budget bureau lade

minstens drie personen in power may be

used at our girard sam agents in steden

by the government and order to ensure

accountability to those reviews power

orca met en analyses and the legal

actiever is al faisaly aanbod mijn de

constitution mandates the establishment

of the office of the aanbid mijn to

investigate cases van lodge us by public

officials en cabernet symbolisch de yarn

power to investigate offices en de

visuals suspend officials under

investigation and recommend crisis voor

prosecution after the investigation

sunday done by en dit is de countries

and tie giftcard wit hier en de site

some cases involving graphs and

corruption and the views of power by

public officials presidentiële

commission and government or pc die de

main task of this office is to

investigate crisis of craft and

corruption formule safeguards to ensure

the group processes and government arper

venray commission on you might just to

investigate cases violations of civil

and political rights and to look into a

thesis at police and military of use

extra to dazzle glass in force tussen 4

en 6 en de views of persons in jail

commissioner at dusk wit reviewing

expenditures of government offices and

agencies to ensure that all black van or

use properly onszelf de de zaal en

proper expenditures or use of government

properties

common ik sample is using the official

vehicle of is er een office for personal

travels and leisure centre familie om

accountability of public officers and

investigations

also known as de broekband mri vorm to

investigate a lecture on doing is of

government

fitz officials and agency is voor de

professor grappling nu line argument

existing last word resten probleem of of

youth and corruption and government

voor drempel cases such as a public

official lewis convicted wit sexual

harassment lawson's is 2 el time by

taking advantage of dj seti i love comes

a time low en slow will be investigated

by the group accommodations not all

persons in jihad their obligations

upload dit is indeed if you at our

justice

is de proces of legal icing and

analysing the use of political power and

power girl good governance is een

century guide to and partial en defecten

of justice systeem in de justice system

is bias en discriminatory

or never de rich and the influential

over de boer en lola

orlando winkel proces is arjan argelès

unavailable of volg de lijst van justice

is not het eind en ik justice is nooit

een

then there is no good governance

noordpool ding of de common good voor de

citizens al de steek twee we protest u

de story of alle teksten legal

philosophy

hier is de traditional approach in which

the primary goal is to understand the

essence of the truth about powertex

ideals and contributions of classical

sinkers archers and restore al

en ecolo machiavelli cicero flow and

many other side story de heer political

science at branche of social science dat

deals met de story of politics

dit is the empirical object uw approach

een widget places middel emphasis on aan

strak en normatief question en

concentrates on er dus passionate and

objective of the realities of politics

key concepts and political science dus

tijd divine de en organize politieke

community living andere government die

lm en slep composers de steeds

population territory government and

solvency population reversed u de

people.com poos besteed territory refers

to the place where people web kamp is

besteed aan located in renal and natural

resources

dead space located within its all down

under his government

de systeem werd ministers of controls

besteed

hier is die instrument to which the will

of de steeds is made known and

implemented

seventy refers to the ability of de

steek de cover net zelf een outside

influence of interferentie in

international relations

countries recognize each other sp 16w

essentieel element of estate and being

able to exercise a friendly

lodger msc closely tied dus af en toe

dit is de right of the government to

exercise power and day-to-day

als een refers to the recognition given

to stay by four and governments and

international organizations ideology

is een set radio sample liefst dat de

find us and actions of individueel

groups and institutions politicologie

holiday on the other hand refers to the

principles and theorie follow door

carried out by government die hysterisch

uit dat dit by the government and de

planten steeds actieve die is politiek

ook in de fans and developments thank

you for watching

in lesson too will be talking about

governance

see you there