So einfach wie beim Verbrenner? 8 Irrtümer zum Laden von Elektro-Autos - Bloch erklärt #203

Summary

The script discusses the intricacies of electric vehicle (EV) charging, debunking common myths and emphasizing the importance of maximum charging capacity. It compares various EV models' charging capabilities and explains how factors like battery temperature, charging station limitations, and battery chemistry affect charging efficiency. The video also touches on the benefits of 800-volt systems over 400-volt for faster charging and the impact of battery size on charging performance, advocating for continued advancements in EV battery technology for quicker charging times.

Takeaways

• 🚗 The script discusses the misconceptions around electric vehicle (EV) charging, focusing on the importance of understanding the charging capabilities of different EV models.
• 🔋 It clarifies that the maximum charging power of an EV is not the only factor to consider, but the average charging power over a significant charging range (from 10-80%) is more indicative of real-world charging performance.
• 🏭 The script mentions that having a higher voltage electric system (800V vs 400V) can lead to faster charging, but it also comes with challenges in terms of insulation and safety.
• 🔌 The charging speed at a station is not only dependent on the station's maximum output but also on the vehicle's ability to accept the charge, highlighting the importance of the vehicle's charging system.
• ⚡ The script explains that doubling the voltage while keeping the current the same results in no increased losses, which is more efficient for power transmission and electronic components.
• 🌡️ Temperature plays a significant role in charging efficiency, with higher temperatures allowing for faster charging rates, but also causing stations and batteries to heat up and potentially reduce performance.
• 📈 The ranking of EVs based on their maximum charging power is highlighted, with examples given such as the Porsche Taycan at 270 kW and the Tesla Model S at 250 kW.
• 🔆 The script touches on the concept of battery pre-heating to ensure optimal charging performance, especially in colder temperatures, which is a feature in some high-performance EVs.
• 🔄 The impact of battery chemistry on charging is discussed, with different materials affecting how the battery handles high charging rates and the recommended charging practices.
• 🔌 The script points out that the maximum charging power of a vehicle is limited by its own capabilities, and a higher power charging station will not speed up charging if the vehicle cannot utilize the extra power.
• 🛣️ External factors such as the power supply to the charging station, ambient temperature, and the popularity of the station (number of vehicles charging simultaneously) can affect the actual charging speed achieved.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the script?

The main topic discussed in the script is electric vehicle (EV) charging, focusing on misconceptions, the importance of maximum charging capacity, and factors affecting charging performance.

Why is the maximum charging performance of an electric car not always achievable?

The maximum charging performance of an electric car is not always achievable because it depends on various factors such as the car's own limitations, the charging station's capabilities, and external conditions like temperature and grid connection.

What is the significance of a car's maximum charging capacity in relation to its charging speed?

A car's maximum charging capacity indicates the highest possible power it can draw from a charger. However, the actual charging speed also depends on the car's average charging performance over a significant charging range, typically from 10% to 80% state of charge.

Why is the voltage level of an EV's battery system important for charging?

The voltage level of an EV's battery system is important for charging because higher voltage systems can deliver more power with less current, which reduces energy losses, especially in the charging infrastructure and the car's electrical components.

What is the role of battery preheating in EV charging?

Battery preheating plays a crucial role in EV charging, especially in cold temperatures. It warms up the battery to an optimal temperature for faster and more efficient charging, preventing the need for high currents that could stress the battery and charging components.

How does the temperature affect the charging performance of an EV?

Temperature significantly affects the charging performance of an EV. High temperatures can cause the charging station or the car's battery to throttle back the charging rate to prevent overheating, while cold temperatures can slow down charging if the battery is not preheated.

What is the purpose of a higher voltage electric vehicle system, such as 800V compared to 400V?

A higher voltage electric vehicle system, such as 800V, allows for faster charging by delivering more power with less current, which reduces energy losses. It also enables the vehicle to charge at higher rates even at higher states of charge.

Why might a charging station display a maximum power output that is not always achievable?

A charging station may display a maximum power output that is not always achievable due to limitations in the grid connection, the charging station's cooling capacity, or the presence of multiple vehicles sharing the available power.

What is the 'C' factor in the context of EV batteries, and how does it relate to charging performance?

The 'C' factor in the context of EV batteries refers to the battery's ability to charge or discharge at a certain rate relative to its capacity. A higher 'C' rating means the battery can accept more power, allowing for faster charging.

How does the size of an EV's battery affect its charging and longevity?

A larger EV battery can generally accept more power for charging, allowing for faster charging rates. However, larger batteries are also subject to more stress with each charge cycle, which can affect their longevity. Smaller batteries, when charged to the same degree, are less stressed and may last longer.

What are some common misconceptions about EV charging discussed in the script?

Some common misconceptions about EV charging discussed in the script include the belief that all charging stations provide the power they advertise, that higher voltage systems do not significantly improve charging times, and that testing and charging EVs are not more complex than testing internal combustion engine vehicles.