What is Biomechanics?
Summary
TLDRThis introductory video to biomechanics explores the science of movement in living organisms. It delves into the physics of motion, examining external and internal forces, and how they relate to the body's mechanics. The video connects biomechanics with other kinesiology fields, emphasizing its importance in sports, physical therapy, and everyday movement. It also touches on the role of biomechanics in understanding and improving movement patterns, from athletic performance to motor development and rehabilitation.
Takeaways
- 🔬 Biomechanics is the science of movement of the living body, combining 'bio' for life and 'mechanics' for machines.
- 🤔 It is a highly integrated field that studies forces acting upon, within, and produced by the body, including external and internal forces.
- 📚 Biomechanics integrates biological characteristics with traditional mechanics, focusing on the physics of motion in biological systems.
- 🏋️♂️ Mechanics is a branch of physics concerned with forces and energy affecting the motion of bodies, including Newton's laws of motion.
- 🔄 The field includes both statics, studying systems in equilibrium, and dynamics, examining systems in accelerated or changing motion.
- 👀 Biomechanical analysis can be performed from two perspectives: kinetics, examining forces affecting motion, and kinematics, analyzing spatial and temporal aspects of movement.
- 🏃♂️ Kinematics focuses on motion characteristics like velocity and displacement, while kinetics evaluates the effects of forces such as gravity and friction on motion.
- 👶 Outside of sports, biomechanics is crucial for understanding normal gait cycles, motor development, and motor control in various stages of life.
- 🔗 Biomechanics is closely related to other kinesiology disciplines like exercise physiology, motor control, and physical therapy, all of which involve human movement.
- 🔄 Open and closed loop skills are important concepts in biomechanics, with the former being too fast for feedback to alter the movement, and the latter allowing for real-time adjustments based on feedback.
- 🔄 The neuromuscular system links disciplines like exercise physiology and biomechanics, as muscles are the force-producing factors under nervous system control that affect movement.
Q & A
What is the definition of biomechanics?
-Biomechanics is the science of movement of the living body, combining biological characteristics with traditional mechanics to examine forces acting upon, within, and produced by the body.
How does biomechanics relate to other fields within kinesiology?
-Biomechanics is highly related to other kinesiology disciplines such as exercise physiology, motor control, and physical therapy, as all these fields involve the study of human movement.
What are the two main perspectives of biomechanical analysis?
-The two main perspectives of biomechanical analysis are kinetics, which studies the forces affecting motion, and kinematics, which examines the spatial and temporal characteristics of motion.
What is the difference between statics and dynamics in mechanics?
-Statics is the study of systems in a state of equilibrium, while dynamics is the study of systems in a state of accelerated or changing motion.
How is biomechanics applied in sports?
-In sports, biomechanics helps analyze movement patterns to prevent injuries, improve performance, and understand the effects of forces on the body during various athletic activities.
What is an example of a kinematic perspective in analyzing a sports injury?
-A kinematic perspective would involve analyzing the velocity and displacement of an athlete at the moment of injury, such as how fast a basketball player was moving when they landed and injured their ankle.
What is the relationship between biomechanics and exercise physiology?
-Biomechanics focuses on the movement caused by the contraction of skeletal muscles, while exercise physiology is concerned with the physiological processes behind those muscle contractions that produce force and motion.
What are open and closed loop skills in the context of biomechanics?
-Open loop skills are movements that occur faster than feedback can change, like a clean-and-jerk in weightlifting. Closed loop skills can be modified while in motion based on feedback, such as adjusting stride while running.
How does biomechanics play a role in ergonomics?
-Biomechanics helps design a better human-machine interface in ergonomics, ensuring that tools and environments are designed to reduce the risk of injury and improve comfort and efficiency in the workplace.
What is the role of biomechanics in physical therapy?
-In physical therapy, biomechanics is crucial for diagnosing the underlying causes of movement disorders and designing interventions to improve movement patterns and reduce pain.
How does biomechanics contribute to the field of sports medicine?
-Biomechanics in sports medicine helps understand how equipment like ankle braces or taping affects normal human motion and potentially influences performance and injury risk.
What is the significance of biomechanics in the study of adaptive motion for individuals with disabilities?
-Biomechanics is essential in adaptive motion to understand the biomechanical implications of various disabilities and to modify equipment, pedagogy, and movement patterns to suit the needs of individuals with disabilities.
Outlines
🔬 Introduction to Biomechanics
This paragraph introduces the concept of biomechanics as the science of movement in living organisms. It explains the term 'biomechanics' as a combination of 'bio' (life) and 'mechanics' (machines), emphasizing the study of forces and motion within biological systems. The paragraph delves into the physics of motion, discussing external and internal forces, and how biomechanics integrates these with traditional mechanics. It also touches on the relationship between biomechanics and other kinesiology disciplines, highlighting the importance of Newton's laws in understanding motion. The paragraph concludes with an introduction to kinetics and kinematics, the two perspectives from which biomechanical analysis can be performed.
🤸♂️ Biomechanics in Various Fields of Kinesiology
This paragraph explores the relevance of biomechanics in different areas of kinesiology, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and sports. It discusses how biomechanics is interconnected with other disciplines like exercise physiology, motor control, and motor learning, emphasizing the role of the neuromuscular system in movement. The paragraph also explains the concepts of open and closed loop skills, using examples from weightlifting and running to illustrate how feedback can influence movement. Ergonomics is introduced as the study of human-machine interfaces, aiming to prevent injuries and improve work quality and life. The paragraph concludes by discussing the practical application of biomechanics in physical therapy, focusing on the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of movement abnormalities.
🏋️♀️ Practical Applications of Biomechanics in Sports and Rehabilitation
This paragraph focuses on the practical applications of biomechanics in sports medicine, physical therapy, pedagogy, and adaptive motion. It discusses how athletic trainers use biomechanics to prevent and treat sports injuries, considering the effects of equipment like ankle braces on movement patterns. The paragraph also touches on how biomechanics can inform teaching and coaching strategies, providing better feedback for learners based on their proficiency levels. Additionally, it addresses the growing field of adaptive motion, which involves modifying pedagogy and equipment to accommodate individuals with disabilities, ensuring they can participate in sports and exercise effectively. The paragraph concludes by summarizing biomechanics as the study of motion in biological systems, highlighting its interdisciplinary nature and its importance in analyzing and improving human movement.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Biomechanics
💡Kinesiology
💡Mechanics
💡Statics
💡Dynamics
💡Kinetics
💡Kinematics
💡Motor Control
💡Open Loop Skill
💡Closed Loop Skill
💡Ergonomics
💡Physical Therapy
💡Adaptive Motion
Highlights
Biomechanics is defined as the science of movement of the living body, combining biological and mechanical aspects.
It is a highly integrated field examining forces acting upon, within, and produced by the body.
Mechanics, a branch of physics, is concerned with forces and energy in motion, including Newton's laws.
Statics and dynamics are two perspectives of mechanics, with statics focusing on equilibrium and dynamics on accelerated motion.
Biomechanical analysis can be performed from kinetics and kinematics perspectives to understand motion.
Kinetics studies forces affecting body motion, while kinematics examines spatial and temporal characteristics.
Biomechanics is applied in sports to analyze movements and prevent injuries, such as in basketball.
Outside of sports, biomechanics is important in understanding normal gait and motor development.
Biomechanics is related to other kinesiology disciplines, such as exercise physiology and motor control.
Open and closed loop skills are distinguished by the speed of feedback in movement.
The neuromuscular system links biomechanics with disciplines like exercise physiology and motor control.
Ergonomics applies biomechanics to design better human-machine interfaces in workplaces.
Physical therapy integrates biomechanics to prevent, evaluate, and treat movement abnormalities.
Biomechanics helps in sports medicine to understand how equipment affects human motion and injury prevention.
Pedagogy in biomechanics involves teaching and coaching movement with an understanding of motor behavior.
Adaptive motion is a growing field in biomechanics, focusing on individuals with disabilities and their movement outcomes.
Biomechanics analyzes human movement across various domains to ensure better movement outcomes.
Transcripts
have you ever wondered what applied
biomechanics is well you're in the right
place because this video is the first in
the series explaining all about
biomechanics and in this video we'll
cover not only the definition of the
word but also how biomechanics relates
to other fields within kinesiology okay
dr. good and here and in this video as I
said we'll be discussing an introduction
to biomechanics so what is biomechanics
bio meaning life and mechanics referring
to machines how does it all come
together and more importantly how does
it fit within the umbrella of other
kinesiology disciplines let's dive right
into the content alright here we are in
the slides for today and a big question
we're addressing is what is biomechanics
biomechanics is simply the science of
movement of the living body so you see
we have bio body biology life and
mechanics movement machines etc now to
break it down even further biomechanics
is the physics of motion exhibited or
produced by biological systems and if we
want to get even more specific it's a
highly integrated field of study that
examines forces acting upon within and
produced by the body so external forces
that would be forces acting upon
internal forces that would be forces
within the body so forces ground
reaction forces that are traveling up
the shank and into the femur for
instance or produced by the body via
muscles now biomechanics integrates
biological characteristics with
traditional mechanics
hence bio and mechanics but what is
mechanic's so most of us in kinesiology
we may not be brushed up on the physics
so mechanics is the
of physics it's a specific branch in
physics that's specifically concerned
with the effective forces and energy on
the motion of bodies so if you recall
Newton's three laws which we'll go over
in another video those would be within
the realm of mechanics and within
mechanics we have both statics and
dynamics now statics is the study of
systems in a state of equilibrium so
this could be at rest or in a constant
state of motion think of somebody doing
a handstand for instance a gymnast doing
a handstand that would be an example of
statics but so would a runner traveling
at a constant speed or a cyclist or a
swimmer now dynamics on the other hand
is the study of systems in a state of
accelerated or changing motion so now we
want to think of a gymnast who is doing
a tumbling routine or who is or maybe a
soccer player who's not running at a
constant speed but now they're cutting
and decelerating and accelerating in
different directions
so when we perform a biomechanical
analysis and we'll do that later in this
course in other videos we can perform it
from two different perspectives
the first is kinetics and this is the
study of forces like gravity or friction
that inhibit cause facilitate or modify
motion of the body so what is the effect
of gravity on a javelin that you're
throwing or what is the effect of
friction on artificial turf as compared
to grass I mean kinematics is the study
of spatial and temporal characteristics
of motion so these are things like
velocity speed displacement here we have
a picture of Usain Bolt traveling at
high velocities and we're not when we're
looking at kinematics were not so much
concerned with the forces as much as we
are on the displacement and the rate of
displacement
now typically we think of biomechanics
in sport there's so many examples of
biomechanics in sport is easy to come up
with them in this case where the example
is a basketball player might injure her
ankle while landing from a layup from a
kinematic perspective how fast was that
player moving at the moment of injury so
we want to know the velocity how fast
was she running when she planted her
foot
2bath how fast was she moving when she
impacted the ground and was it single
leg or double leg from a kinetic
perspective we want to ask the question
how much force was absorbed by the body
upon landing so we might want to
consider the stress and strain
relationship of her lower leg we might
want to consider how much force she was
capable of absorbing the last time she
was tested on a force plate but outside
of Sport biomechanics is important as
well so think about the normal gait
cycle scientists in the realm of motor
development mode of learning and motor
control might necessity Panzi as far as
their stride characteristics go so from
a kinematic perspective what's the
length or the distance of these strides
from a kinetic perspective we might ask
why do they walk with these particular
characteristics so just imagine a baby
in a chimpanzee walking they tend to
walk with their arms up high out to
their side short steps toes turn
outwards for balance how does the force
produce differ between the infant and
chimpanzee or how is it the same now I
mentioned in the intro that biomechanics
is a field that's highly related to
other fields within kinesiology here we
have a list it's not a complete list but
biomechanics is all about movement and
so are things like economic physical
therapy occupational therapy and so on
down this list all of these sub
disciplines within kinesiology have a
biomechanical component so for instance
biomechanics and exercise physiology
what is the relationship there
well if biomechanics is about movement
exercise physiology is about movement
that is caused by the contraction of
skeletal muscle so in this case we're
focused on what's the physiology of that
muscular contraction that causes force
and if you recall that force is going to
be within under that umbrella of
kinetics or a kinetic analysis within
biomechanics what about motor control so
your biomechanics is about movement
while motor control is about the
mechanisms used by the nervous system to
control and coordinate the movements of
the musculoskeletal system within motor
control we also have motor development
and motor learning so the maturation
throughout the lifespan and the motor
learning is experience and/or practice
how do we modify these movement patterns
with practice
now this brings us to two important
concepts the first is an open loop skill
an open loop skill is a skill that
occurs at a faster rate than feedback
can change so think of a a clean and
jerk in Olympic style weightlifting in
the clean-and-jerk you that a flea needs
to accelerate the barbell off the ground
hit a series of very specific positions
on the way up through the first and
second and third poles meet the bar at
its apex and catch it and then stand up
with it and this is not a light bar but
this happens so fast it all happens
within a second or two
so the athlete often doesn't have time
to reevaluate if they think oh the bar
path was out you know the bar was
traveling out in front of my knees I
need to pull it back by the time you
think that the bar is already up and
you're into your third pole and it's too
late to correct a closed loop skill on
the other hand is a skill that can be
changed while in motion as a result of
feedback so let's say that you're a
runner and you're running along maybe
you're out on a 10-mile run it's
supposed to be a tempo run at a nice
steady pace maybe around your marathon
pace and as you're running your your
foot strike every single foot strike
that you feel is giving you
proprioceptive feedback as is the
feeling in the muscles of your legs as
is the carriage of your arm swing and a
runner often a good one
will intuitively know if their stride is
off if they're feeling clunky or if
they're feeling kind of stompy as they
run maybe they're over striding maybe
they're feeling flat and slow because of
fatigue but they can use that feedback
to then correct with every step that
they take to get better running economy
as they're running and that would be an
example of a closed loop skill you can
correct it as you go now in these three
examples that I just gave the
neuromuscular system is really the link
between these disciplines between
exercise phase motor control and
biomechanics if we think of muscles as
many metabolic machines these little
machines can actually cause motion of
the skeletal system so therefore these
muscles are actually the kinetic factors
force producing factors that affect
kinematic values he produced force in
the muscle and then it results in change
in the body force produced by the muscle
results in displacement of bones around
joints and muscles are under the control
of the nervous system so it's really
that nervous system that links at all to
with us off ergonomics so this takes us
again outside of the realm of sport so
if you consider if you even look at the
chair that I'm sitting in right it has
some cushion on the back has these arm
rests you can adjust the height the back
feels pretty good you know I can lean
back and it doesn't hurt too much I can
sit in this for a decently long time
without feeling any pain in my joints
the one thing though that I have noticed
working at this desk during quarantine
is that I tend to get wrist cramps
because the desk might be a little bit
high when I'm typing on my keyboard so
all of these things that I'm mentioning
are related to economics it's it's the
attempt to make the human machine
interface while you're working or on the
job site as fluid as possible so we want
to design a better human machine
interface that doesn't lead to these
chronic overuse injuries or workplace
pain that would not only result in
decreasing work output but in decreasing
quality of life for the workers this
sometimes is also called occupational
biomechanics now physical therapy this
is something that often comes to
people's mind when they think of
biomechanics and it is maybe one of the
most integrated practical fields with
biomechanics so physical therapy is
obviously dedicated to preventing
evaluating and treating movement
abnormalities most of us have been to a
physical therapist at some point in our
lives disordered movement whether that's
caused by injury disease imbalance
congenital conditions you know whether
it's learned or due to an injury these
can all lead to injury and a decrease in
quality of life it can lead to pain and
so a physical therapist has to be
familiar with biomechanical principles
to really recognize and diagnose
underlying causes of disordered movement
and then they have to be able to design
an appropriate intervention
maybe somebody comes in and they're
having you know right knee pain on the
patellar tendon and so the physical
therapist might watch them walk they
might assess their gait they might do
manual muscle testing to see if their
gluteus medius and minimus are
activating well they might take a look
at their lumbar spine to check and see
if they're in alignment or not they
might look at their leg length to see if
there's a discrepancy there they may
evaluate their landing mechanics from a
jump or from you know stepping off of
something and then landing to see if
they have an eval gist or if their knees
are coming way too far over their toes
causing undue stress that their quads
don't have the capacity to absorb all
that force within sports medicine we
have athletic trainers who are focused
on for preventing and then immediately
treating injuries that occur in sports
so these methods may require things like
bracing and taping and these can both
affect normal human motion so we might
use biomechanics and to understand how
an ankle brace for instance affects than
normal pattern of cutting that an
athlete might take as they go through an
agility test you know does that ankle
brace decrease performance more
importantly does it lead to some sort of
maladaptive pattern of movement that
could lead to injury further up the
kinetic chain biomechanics can help us
answer these questions pedagogy so this
is relating to how we teach people how
to move so both teaching and coaching
this begins with an understanding of
motor behavior as well as comprehensive
knowledge in the content area so in the
sport that you're coaching in or in the
discipline that you're teaching in but
biomechanics can help us to provide
better feedback for the type of learner
their level of proficiency and whether
we need to give frequent feedback or no
feedback at all perhaps and finally we
have adaptive motion this is a growing
field and for a good reason more and
more these days people who have
disabilities are challenging themselves
and the whole concept of what a
disability means by continuing to pursue
sport and exercise at a high high level
but we also have to keep in mind that
there are individuals who are just
trying to navigate the world with some
sort of a disability so these
disabilities can be due to a loss of
sensory function whether visual tactile
auditory proprioceptive perhaps loss of
limb perhaps some challenge for
understanding instructions and selecting
efficient motor patterns and all of
these all of these various levels of
ability have with them biomechanical
implications how do we change the
pedagogy that dewar delivering how do we
change the equipment that we're using
for these athletes and for those these
people how do we modify the closed
versus open loop nature of certain
movements so that we can we can get
movement outcomes for these individuals
so to recap biomechanics is the physics
of motion exhibited or produced by
biological systems it deals with not
only kinetics the forces acting on or
produced by a biological system but also
with kinematics which is movement
through spatial and temporal domains
biomechanics also relates highly to
other disciplines in kinesiology like
exercise physiology motor behavior
pedagogy etc because all of these
domains require human movement and
biomechanics is all about analyzing that
movement to ensure better movement
outcomes
[Music]
Посмотреть больше похожих видео
Course Introduction
Learning outcomes and module design
Chapter 2: Kinematics and Kinetics Introduction
Tyson Fury’s Iron Chin | Anatomy Explained
ANATOMI GERAK MANUSIA (BAG. 2) GERAKAN SENDI PADA BIDANG SAGITAL, FRONTAL DAN TRANSVERSE
ANATOMI GERAK MANUSIA (BAG. 1) : ISTILAH ARAH, BIDANG ANATOMIS DAN SUMBU ANATOMIS.
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)