PERTEMUAN 12B - VIDEO PRAKTEK KEPERAWATAN (TRANSFUSI DARAH)

Summary

This video provides a detailed, step-by-step guide on how to perform a blood transfusion on a patient, from preparation to completion. It covers essential topics such as safety checks, ensuring the compatibility of blood products, monitoring for allergic reactions, and post-transfusion procedures. The video emphasizes the importance of proper identification, communication with the patient, and ensuring the correct blood type is used. It also highlights the need for precise documentation and patient monitoring throughout the transfusion process. The tutorial serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals preparing for competency exams or wanting to improve their transfusion techniques.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ensure you subscribe to the channel and activate the notification bell to receive updates on new videos.
• 😀 Blood transfusion involves providing blood products to a patient to correct issues like anemia, blood volume, coagulation, or platelet levels.
• 😀 The necessary tools for a blood transfusion include blood products, a blood set (not an infusion set), sterile equipment, and a urine collection container for potential transfusion reactions.
• 😀 Always verify the blood product before transfusion: check the blood type, Rh factor, expiration date, barcode, and donation number to ensure compatibility.
• 😀 Prior to transfusion, check the doctor's order, the patient's medical history, and the availability of the required blood type at the blood bank.
• 😀 Properly identify the patient and explain the procedure, including the potential risks and the need to report any allergic reactions or issues during the transfusion.
• 😀 Ensure all necessary checks are done between the blood bank staff and healthcare team to confirm compatibility of the blood product.
• 😀 Observe the patient for the first 15 minutes of the transfusion to monitor for any signs of allergic reactions or complications.
• 😀 If a reaction occurs during transfusion, immediately stop the transfusion, switch to NaCl, and inform the doctor for further actions.
• 😀 After the transfusion is completed, properly dispose of used blood products, clean the area, and document all actions performed during the procedure.

Q & A

What is the purpose of blood transfusion in patients?

The purpose of blood transfusion is to correct patient anemia, restore blood volume, or correct coagulation or platelet values in patients who need these components.

What are the essential tools required for performing a blood transfusion?

The essential tools for performing a blood transfusion include blood products, a blood set, a sterile filter, an infusion line, a urine collection container, and a waste bin for medical disposal.

How do you verify the compatibility of blood products before transfusion?

Before transfusion, verify compatibility by cross-checking the blood product with the patient's details, including blood type (ABO and Rh), expiration date, barcode, and donation number. Ensure the blood matches the patient's requirements.

What should be checked in the patient's records before proceeding with the transfusion?

Before proceeding with the transfusion, check the doctor's order for the correct blood type, previous transfusion history, any allergies, and past transfusion reactions. This ensures safety during the procedure.

What actions are taken if a transfusion reaction occurs?

If a transfusion reaction occurs, immediately stop the transfusion, switch to NaCl infusion, and notify the doctor for further action. Collect and send urine samples for lab analysis to determine the cause of the reaction.

Why is it important for the patient to urinate before the transfusion?

It is important for the patient to urinate before the transfusion to collect a urine sample, which can be used for laboratory testing if a transfusion reaction occurs.

How often should the patient's vital signs be checked during the transfusion?

During the transfusion, the patient's vital signs should be checked every 15 minutes for the first 30 minutes, and adjustments to the transfusion rate should be made based on the patient's condition.

What should be done after the blood transfusion is completed?

After the blood transfusion is completed, change the infusion line to NaCl, dispose of the blood bag properly in an infectious waste container, clean the equipment, document all actions, and ensure the patient's safety.

What is the importance of cross-checking the blood product with two nurses before transfusion?

Cross-checking the blood product with two nurses ensures accuracy and safety by verifying that the blood product matches the patient's identity and the required blood type before transfusion.

What should be done if the transfused blood product runs out during the procedure?

If the transfused blood product runs out, replace the infusion line with NaCl, continue monitoring the patient, and ensure the remaining transfusion procedures are completed as per the doctor's instructions.