Cinesiologia do Quadril- Ossos, ligamentos , músculos : origem , inserção e ação.

Summary

This video provides an in-depth overview of the hip joint, focusing on its anatomy, function, and the muscles involved in its movement. The script covers the formation of the hip joint, including the pelvis, femur, and acetabulum, and explains its stability and the range of motion it allows. Detailed discussions are given about key muscles such as the iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, and adductors, and their role in flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation of the hip. The video also touches on the importance of ligaments and capsule structures that support the joint.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lower limb consists of the pelvis, femur (thigh bone), tibia, fibula (leg bones), and the foot.
• 😀 The hip joint (coxofemoral joint) is formed by the pelvic bone and the head of the femur. It is a synovial ball-and-socket joint.
• 😀 The acetabulum is a concave structure in the pelvis, while the head of the femur is convex, allowing smooth movement within the joint.
• 😀 The hip joint allows movement in all three planes: sagittal, frontal, and transverse, similar to the shoulder joint but with greater stability.
• 😀 The stability of the hip joint is enhanced by the depth of the acetabulum, which allows the femoral head to fit securely within it.
• 😀 The hip joint is supported by a joint capsule and three important ligaments: iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments.
• 😀 The muscles around the hip joint can be categorized into flexors, extensors, abductors, adductors, and rotators.
• 😀 The iliopsoas muscle, formed by the iliacus and psoas major, is the primary flexor of the hip, originating from the lumbar vertebrae and inserting at the femur.
• 😀 The gluteus maximus is the primary extensor of the hip, with additional extensors including the hamstrings (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris).
• 😀 Muscles responsible for hip abduction include the gluteus medius and the tensor fasciae latae, while adduction is primarily carried out by the adductor group, including the adductor longus, brevis, and magnus.
• 😀 The external rotators of the hip are deep muscles such as the piriformis, gemellus superior and inferior, obturator internus and externus, which help rotate the femur laterally.

Q & A

What bones make up the lower limb?

The lower limb is formed by the pelvis, femur (thigh bone), tibia, fibula (bones of the lower leg), and the foot.

What bones form the hip joint?

The hip joint, or coxofemoral joint, is formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis and the head of the femur.

What type of joint is the hip joint, and what movements does it allow?

The hip joint is a synovial ball-and-socket joint, which allows movement in all three planes: sagittal, frontal, and transverse.

How does the stability of the hip joint compare to the shoulder joint?

The hip joint is more stable than the shoulder joint due to the depth of the acetabulum, which provides a more secure fit for the head of the femur, whereas the shoulder joint is shallower and less stable.

What ligaments are present in the hip joint?

The hip joint has three important ligaments: the iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral ligament, and ischiofemoral ligament.

What is the function of the iliopsoas muscle in the hip?

The iliopsoas muscle is the primary muscle responsible for flexing the hip. It consists of the iliacus and psoas major muscles, which originate from the lumbar vertebrae and the iliac fossa of the pelvis and insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur.

Which muscles are involved in extending the hip?

The primary muscles involved in hip extension are the gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the long head of the biceps femoris.

Which muscles are responsible for abducting the hip?

The gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae muscles are responsible for abducting the hip, moving the leg away from the midline.

Which muscles contribute to the adduction of the hip?

The muscles responsible for adducting the hip include the adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, pectineus, and gracilis.

What are the deep muscles involved in the external rotation of the hip?

The deep muscles responsible for the external rotation of the hip include the piriformis, superior gemellus, obturator internus, inferior gemellus, and obturator externus.