video n°39 A brief history of space exploration
Summary
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Transcripts
the competition between the united
states and the soviet union
sparked some of the greatest innovations
and technological developments in
history the space race
is considered to have begun in 1955.
that year both the united states and the
soviet union
made announcements just a few days apart
that they would launch an artificial
satellite into earth's orbit
within the next two to three years the
russians were the first to achieve their
goal
the soviet satellite sputnik was
launched on october 4th
1957
with the soviet union's success america
was no longer the undoubted world leader
in innovation
this situation called the sputnik crisis
led president dwight eisenhower
to give more military importance to
winning the space race
and spend a bigger budget on space
research and development
in 1961 russia achieved another first
by putting an actual human into orbit
yuri gagarin
not to be outdone the united states soon
trumped
the soviet union's crowning achievement
as announced by kennedy
and no nation which expects to be the
leader of other nations
can expect to stay behind in this race
for space
the united states was the first country
to land on the moon
on july 20th 1969
astronauts neil armstrong and buzz
aldrin became the first human beings
to set foot on another celestial body
the soviet union never managed to catch
up before its collapse in 1991.
just content with the moon both
superpowers also wanted to explore the
rest of the solar system
so unmained probes were sent to visit
the solar system's other planets and
moons
the most successful of these probes
voyagers 1 and 2
were launched in 1977.
together the probes have done flybys of
jupiter
uranus and neptune back on earth
the russians proved that humans could
live in space for months at a time
by sending a number of space stations
into orbit
and in 1998 the international space
station was launched
and it continues to operate today
you
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