LA INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA (ENFOQUE CUALITATIVO) | DEFINICIÓN, CARACTERÍSTICAS Y DISEÑOS.

Summary

This video introduces the concept of qualitative research, explaining its main characteristics and contrasting it with quantitative research. It emphasizes that qualitative research focuses on understanding subjective realities through meanings and symbols provided by the study population, while quantitative research aims to measure objective realities. The video also discusses various research designs such as grounded theory, ethnography, and case studies, highlighting their methodological advantages and disadvantages. The presenter promises future videos that will delve deeper into each design, providing practical insights for students conducting qualitative research.

Takeaways

• 🎓 The video introduces qualitative research and its main characteristics.
• 🌍 Qualitative research focuses on subjective realities, meanings, and symbols provided by the study population, unlike quantitative research which aims for objectivity and measurement.
• 🔄 The three main research approaches are quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, with mixed methods combining elements of both qualitative and quantitative research.
• 📏 Quantitative research aims to measure and test hypotheses, while qualitative research seeks to understand and explore the context and subjective experiences of the study population.
• 🔍 In qualitative research, hypotheses are not pre-defined but are constructed as the researcher explores and observes the study context.
• 💬 Quantitative research uses standardized data collection techniques like surveys, while qualitative research employs non-standardized methods, such as open-ended interviews, allowing participants to expand on their responses.
• 📊 Results from quantitative research can be generalized to larger populations, but qualitative research findings are specific to the study's unique population and cannot be generalized.
• 🧠 Quantitative research is rooted in positivism and post-positivism, while qualitative research is based on phenomenology, constructivism, naturalism, and interpretivism.
• 📝 Important qualitative research designs include grounded theory, ethnographic studies, narrative studies, action research, phenomenological studies, and case studies.
• 📈 Qualitative research has gained importance globally, with the video series set to dive deeper into the types, advantages, and disadvantages of qualitative research designs.

Q & A

What is qualitative research, according to the script?

Qualitative research focuses on meanings and symbols within the social world. It aims to understand subjective realities rather than measuring objective facts, as quantitative research does.

What is the key difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

Quantitative research seeks to measure objective reality, while qualitative research aims to understand and interpret subjective realities.

How do qualitative and quantitative approaches differ in hypothesis testing?

In quantitative research, hypotheses are pre-established and tested throughout the study. In qualitative research, hypotheses are not tested upfront but are instead developed as the researcher observes and discovers aspects of the study context.

What is the role of the researcher in qualitative research compared to quantitative research?

In qualitative research, the researcher immerses themselves in the subject matter to understand the experiences and perspectives of the study population. In contrast, in quantitative research, the researcher maintains objectivity and distance from the subject being studied.

How do data collection techniques differ between qualitative and quantitative research?

Quantitative research uses standardized data collection methods, like surveys with closed-ended questions. Qualitative research uses non-standardized techniques, such as open-ended interviews, allowing participants to elaborate on their responses.

Can qualitative research findings be generalized to other populations?

No, qualitative research findings are typically specific to the population being studied and are not meant to be generalized to other groups.

What philosophical foundations support qualitative and quantitative research?

Quantitative research is based on positivism and post-positivism, while qualitative research is rooted in phenomenology, constructivism, naturalism, and interpretivism.

What are some common designs used in qualitative research?

Common qualitative research designs include grounded theory, ethnographic studies, narrative studies, action research, phenomenological studies, and case studies.

Why has qualitative research gained popularity in recent years?

Qualitative research has gained popularity because it provides deeper insights into the cultural, symbolic, and subjective aspects of populations, which are increasingly important in various fields of study.

What will the following videos in the series cover according to the script?

The upcoming videos in the series will delve into different qualitative research designs, their characteristics, benefits, methodological utility, and possible disadvantages to help viewers apply them in their own research.