Anatomy of Female Reproductive System | Model
Summary
TLDRIn this video, the speaker provides an in-depth explanation of the female reproductive system, focusing on various anatomical structures. It covers the mons pubis, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the different ligaments that support the uterus. The video also describes the external genitalia, including the labia, clitoris, and vestibular glands. Furthermore, it explains the function of the urethra, bladder, vagina, and anus, highlighting how these structures interact. The speaker emphasizes the physiological aspects of these organs, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of female anatomy.
Takeaways
- 🌟 The female reproductive system includes structures like the mons pubis, uterus, cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes.
- 🔎 The mons pubis is a fatty rounded region that may be covered with hair and is located at the anterior view of the reproductive system.
- 📍 The uterus has distinct parts: the fundus, body, isthmus, and cervix, each serving different functions.
- 👀 The ovaries contain ovarian follicles that produce female gametes (ova) which can be fertilized by sperm.
- 🤝 Ligaments such as the ovarian ligament, broad ligament, uterosacral ligament, and round ligament provide support and connection to the uterus and ovaries.
- 🌀 The fallopian tubes are crucial for transporting the ovum from the ovary towards the uterus and are the site of fertilization.
- 💧 The external genitalia consist of the labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, greater vestibular glands, and clitoris.
- 💪 The bulbospongiosus muscle and levator ani are skeletal muscles associated with the reproductive system.
- 🌱 The vagina is a short, distensible sheath lined with stratified squamous epithelium to resist friction and is where the fetus develops during gestation.
- 📉 The uterus is composed of the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium, which support the developing fetus and facilitate birth.
- 🌈 The vulva, or pudendum, encompasses the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, greater vestibular glands, and clitoris.
Q & A
What is the mons pubis and what is its typical characteristic?
-The mons pubis is a fatty, rounded region located at the anterior view of the female reproductive system. It is typically covered with hair, but the amount can vary depending on personal grooming habits.
What is the function of the ovary in the female reproductive system?
-The ovary is responsible for producing and maturing ovarian follicles, which help in the production of female gametes, known as ova or eggs, with the intention of being fertilized by sperm cells.
What is the ovarian ligament and how does it connect to the uterus?
-The ovarian ligament is a small, white structure that connects the ovary to the uterus. It is one of the ligaments that help support the uterus in its position within the pelvic cavity.
What is the broad ligament and what does it consist of?
-The broad ligament is a large ligament that consists of two components: the mesovarium and the suspensory ligaments. It helps anchor the uterus to the pelvic wall laterally.
What is the purpose of the utero sacral ligament?
-The utero sacral ligament, also known as the sacral uterine ligament, anchors the uterus to the sacral region, providing posterior support to the uterus.
What is the round ligament and its function?
-The round ligament is a ligament that anchors the uterus anteriorly. It plays a role in maintaining the position of the uterus within the pelvic cavity.
How does the Fallopian tube facilitate fertilization?
-The Fallopian tubes facilitate fertilization by capturing the secondary oocyte or ovum that is ejected from the ovary during ovulation. The fimbriae, finger-like projections at the end of the tube, help sweep the oocyte into the tube where fertilization can occur in the dilated region called the ampulla.
What are the labia majora and labia minora, and how do they differ?
-The labia majora are the outer lips of the female genitalia, covered with hair, while the labia minora are the inner lips, typically hairless. Both structures form part of the vulva.
What is the function of the greater vestibular glands, also known as Bartholin's glands?
-The greater vestibular glands, or Bartholin's glands, are responsible for producing mucus that lubricates the vestibule, the space within the labia minora.
What is the structure and function of the clitoris?
-The clitoris is an erectile tissue rich in nerve endings and blood vessels. It contains a corpus cavernosum and is covered by a skin fold called the prepuce. It can become engorged with blood in response to sexual stimulation.
What is the difference between the internal and external anal sphincters?
-The internal anal sphincter is made up of smooth muscle and is under involuntary control, responsible for reflexive contractions to evacuate feces. The external anal sphincter is skeletal muscle under voluntary control, allowing conscious control over bowel movements.
Outlines
👩🔬 Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
This section provides an overview of the female reproductive system from an anterior view. It starts with the mons pubis, a fatty region covered with hair in some individuals. It also identifies parts of the bladder, uterus, and ovaries. The uterus has distinct sections: the fundus, body, isthmus, and cervix. The ovary is connected to the uterus by the ovarian ligament and the broad ligament, which includes the mesovarium and suspensory ligaments. Other ligaments like the uterosacral and round ligaments are discussed in terms of their role in supporting the uterus.
🧬 Fallopian Tubes and the Ovulation Process
This paragraph focuses on the Fallopian tubes, highlighting the fimbriae, which are finger-like projections that help move the ovum during ovulation. The ovary releases a secondary oocyte, which is caught by the fimbriae and transported into the Fallopian tubes. Fertilization typically occurs in a region called the ampulla, and the tube continues into the uterus through the isthmus. The different structures involved in transporting the egg are explained.
👄 External Female Genitalia: The Labia and Glands
Here, the focus shifts to the external genitalia, specifically the labia majora and labia minora, which are the outer and inner lips. The labia majora is covered with hair, while the labia minora is hairless. The vaginal orifice and vestibule are briefly mentioned. The paragraph also introduces the greater vestibular glands (Bartholin glands), which secrete mucus into the vestibule. The surrounding skeletal muscles, such as the bulbospongiosus and levator ani, are also discussed.
🔬 Internal View of the Female Reproductive System
This section delves deeper into the internal view of the female reproductive system. It covers the urethra, which is shorter in females, and the muscles around it, such as the external urethral sphincter and the detrusor muscle of the bladder. The bladder's anatomy is described in detail, including the mucosa and transitional epithelium. The trigone, a triangular area formed by the ureter orifices and the internal urethral sphincter, is explained. The paragraph ends with a description of the pubic symphysis.
🌸 The Structure of the Vagina and the Cervix
This paragraph provides an in-depth look at the vagina, which is short but highly distensible. The vaginal mucosa, made of stratified squamous epithelial tissue, resists friction. The vaginal fornix, a smiling-arch structure, and the cervix are introduced. The section then moves on to the layers of the uterus: the perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium, which each serve specific functions during gestation and birth. The uterine cavity, where the fetus develops, is briefly described.
🚪 The Anal Canal and Its Sphincters
This part of the script focuses on the anal canal and the muscles that control defecation. It explains the internal anal sphincter, which is made of smooth muscle and involuntary, and the external anal sphincter, which is skeletal muscle and under voluntary control. The paragraph humorously emphasizes how these muscles help prevent accidents by maintaining control over bowel movements.
🔍 Overview of the Vulva and External Genitalia
The final paragraph offers a summary of the components of the vulva (or pudendum), including the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, and the greater vestibular glands. It also mentions the clitoris, which contains erectile tissue and is surrounded by a skin fold called the prepuce. The external genitalia are described as a collective part of the vulva, concluding the anatomical overview.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mons Pubis
💡Uterus
💡Ovary
💡Broad Ligament
💡Fallopian Tubes
💡Fimbriae
💡Endometrium
💡Labia Majora and Labia Minora
💡Clitoris
💡Vagina
Highlights
Introduction to the female reproductive system from an anterior view.
Explanation of the mons pubis, a fatty rounded region that may be covered with hair.
Description of the uterus anatomy, including different parts: fundus, body, isthmus, and cervix.
Overview of the ovaries and their function in producing female oocytes.
Introduction of the ovarian ligament, connecting the ovary to the uterus.
Detailed explanation of the broad ligament and its components: mesovarium and suspensory ligaments.
Overview of other uterine ligaments: utero-sacral ligament and round ligament.
Description of the fallopian tubes, focusing on the fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, and their roles in fertilization.
Explanation of the external genitalia: labia majora and labia minora, covered with hair and hairless respectively.
Introduction of the clitoris, its structure, and function as erectile tissue.
Overview of the vestibular glands and their role in secreting mucus for lubrication.
Description of the vagina, its structure, and how it connects to the cervix and uterus.
Explanation of the internal structures of the uterus: perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium layers.
Detailed discussion of the bladder and its muscular structure, including the detrusor muscle.
Highlight of the anal canal and its sphincter muscles: internal and external anal sphincters.
Transcripts
all right engineers in this video we're
going to talk about the female
reproductive system all right so if you
guys look here we're going to look at
this from the anterior view this right
here this fatty rounded region right
here is called the mons pubis okay and
it's usually got going to be covered
with hair might not be within all people
right you know but depending upon how
much Landscaping they do around that
area but anyway uh this is going to be
the mons pubis okay the fatty rounded
region there now let's actually come
backwards so that we can see a couple
structures back here so if you guys look
back here you're going to see this right
here this is actually the top part of
the bladder right here so this is
actually going to be the bladder okay so
the top Superior part of the bladder a
lot of connective tissue right above
above it right now right here you're
going to see the uterus okay now there's
different parts of these we'll see a
better view of it in another model maybe
in a little bit in here but you're going
to see this part here is actually going
to be called the fundus of the uterus so
this fat rounded reg right here is
called the fundus of the uterus this
part right here is kind of like the body
of the uterus okay the body of the
uterus and then you'll actually see that
we have another part here called the
isas of the uterus we'll see that later
and at the bottom we have the cervix of
the uterus so there's actually different
parts of the uterus there's the fundus
of the uterus the body of the uterus the
ismus of the uterus and then there's
What's called the cervix of the uterus
it's not really well seen on this model
we can see it in another model I'll show
you guys okay now next thing is I'm
going to turn it here a little bit and I
want you guys to see another structure
here so if you see here this is actually
the ovary okay this is the ovary in the
ovary you have ovarian follicles that
are basically maturing and helping to
produce What's called the female oyes in
the ovam which would hopefully the
design is to be fertilized by some type
of sperm cell right so again that's the
ovary now the ovary is connected to the
uterus through this ligament right here
let me actually bring it right here you
can kind of see the ligament right there
that white little structure right there
that is called the ovarian ligament okay
it's called the ovarian ligament and the
ovarian ligament is actually going to be
connecting the ovary to the uterus now
there's another ligament and it's pretty
much all of this all of this part in
here it's a very very huge ligament it's
actually made up of two components one
is actually called the mesovarium and
the other part is the suspensory
ligaments all of this right here is
called the broad ligament okay so all of
this right here is called the broad
ligament it's made up of the mesovarium
and the suspensory ligaments okay so now
we saw the ligaments we saw the ovarian
ligament we saw the actual broad
ligament there's a ligament back here
which is anchoring the uterus to the
sacral region right and this is actually
called the utero sacral ligament or the
sacral uterine ligament it's whichever
one you can interchange them okay so
this ligament back here which is
anchoring the uterus to the sacral part
is actually going to be the utero sacral
ligament or the sacral uterine ligament
okay so so far which ligaments do we
have right now we have the ovarian
ligament we have the broad ligament and
then we have the uterosacral ligament
okay one more ligament here and this is
actually going to be right here this
ligament right there this ligament right
here is actually going to be
specifically called the round ligament
okay it's called the round ligament now
the round ligament is important because
what the round ligament does it actually
anchors the uterus anteriorly okay
uterosacral ligament anchors the uterus
posteriorly and then the actual
suspensory ligaments and the mesovarium
is actually making up the part of the
broad ligament which helps to Anchor it
laterally all right and then again you
saw the ovarian ligament which is
anchoring the ovary to the uterus all
right sweet deal and again we said that
we had different parts of the uterus the
fundus of the uterus the body of the
uterus the isas of the uterus we had the
CICS of the uterus we'll see that again
on another
model all right so next thing is
actually going to be the fallopian tube
so if you look here see these little
finger like projections here it's called
the F of the Fallopian tubes okay so
they're important because whenever we
get close to the ovulation uh point
Point what happens is the U ovary is
going to eject what's called a secondary
oite in metaphase 2 into the fallopian
tubes and the femra actually kind of
stiffen and help to sweep across the
surface of the ovary to move the oite
towards the Fallopian tubes and they
catch the actual secondary oite or that
ovom that we're going to be trying to
fertilize now right back here there's a
dilated region so there's this dilated
region um that we actually have of
specifically the Fallopian tubes it's
called the ampula of the Fallopian tubes
so it's a dilated region now it's hard
to see in this one but you actually have
What's called the infundibulum of the
Fallopian tubes so it's kind of like the
stock by which the fingers are coming
off so if you imagine here's the febre
whatever is holding on so like this
actual stock likee portion here it's
really hard to see it but it's actually
going to be kind of like a little stock
like portion called the infundibulum
that actually the little f bra dangle
from but then a little bit behind that
there's this dilated region called the
ampula okay and that's where
fertilization occurred okay so fim the
Fallopian tubes are connected to a stalk
likee structure called the infundibulum
and then back behind that is going to be
the ampula the Fallopian tubes which is
a dilated region where the uh
fertilization reaction occurs okay and
then the Fallopian tubes will continue
downwards and go into the uterus through
What's called the isas of the Fallopian
tubes which you can't see here but we
will see on another model all right so
we're going to look at one more thing
before we go internal to see some of the
other structures here so remember this
is the mons pubis what we're going to
have here is we're going to have these
things called labia or lips right right
here is the outer lip Okay so this is
the outer lip which is actually covered
with hair so it's called the labia
majora there's another one inside which
is called the labia manora which is
supposed to be not having any here okay
and you can kind of see here if I stick
this in there that's actually called the
external uh you'll actually I'm sorry
the vaginal orifice you actually see the
vaginal orifice we'll see that here in a
second all right so I'm just turning it
on its side a little bit so you guys are
just looking at the side over here okay
okay before we had it anteriorly so the
monp this was back here we're going to
be looking at it on the side over here
so right here you're going to have this
gland it's called the greater vestibular
glands or the barlin glands and they're
responsible for producing a mucus that
resides in a little space within the
labium manur called the vestibule okay
we'll talk about that but again this is
going to be the greater vestibular
glands of the barthon glands and then
just kind of covering them over them is
a special skeletal muscle called the
bulbo spongiosis muscle okay so we would
actually have the bulb spongiosis muscle
if you want I can turn it over here so
you can actually see the muscle it's
right there okay and then there's
another muscle right here called the
levator Ani okay all right so now what
we're going to do is we're going to look
at some of the structures internally all
right so now we're taking a look
internally here so if you guys can
remember we had this was right here the
labia major the outer skin fold here and
this is the labium manora the inner skin
fold labium Majora has hair labium
manora no hair now there's a little
space in here that we call the vestibule
so that space is in the labium manora is
called the vestibule and again there was
the glimp called the greater barin
glands or the VES I'm sorry the greater
vestibular glands or the barland glands
that were secreting mucus into this
vestibule area okay now anterior over
here you're going to see this structure
right here this is actually erectile
tissue this is actually called the
clitoris okay so the clitus is actually
a rectile tissue so it has Corpus
cavernosum in it that makes it up and
it's actually riddled with a lot of
blood vessels and it actually has a
little skin fold wrapping around it
called the prepost which is basically
like forkin that's WRA wrapping around
this actual clitoris here okay and it's
rich with a lot of nerve fibers so under
tactile stimuli or ttra erotic stimuli
this could be activated and it can fill
with blood and become engorged all right
so again labium maora labium anur hair
hairless vestibule clitoris all right as
we work our way upward superiorly we're
going to run to this next part here
remember this structure we talked about
in the male reproductive system that we
had this thing called the eurogen
diaphragm which was made up of the
external urethr schiner which is this
tiny little muscle here and then there's
another muscle called The Deep
transverse perennius that makes that up
okay right here you're going to see that
the female urethra is a lot smaller a
lot I'm sorry a lot shorter as compared
to the male the male has three
components of the urethra The Prost
prostatic the membranous and the sponge
or penile while the female has just a
straight urethra here okay so this is
the female urethra and again external
Ure shter is made up of skeletal muscle
and is controlled by the sematic nervous
system so we have voluntary control over
this guy so thank goodness it prevents
us from peeing our pants okay so again
urethra external urethra shter then as
we go upwards we're going to get over
here to the actual bladder and the
bladder is made up of a very very very
thick muscle here this pinkish part here
called the det trusser muscle it's
called the det trusser muscle and it's
also going to be part of the muscularis
external which is the muscle layer that
basically contracts to expel the urine
from the bladder inside of the bladder
you're going to have What's called the
mucosa which has a lot of like ruge
which a lot of these little fat little
lumps in there and the rug is basically
trying to increase the surface area now
if you remember the mucosa is made of an
epithelium called transitional
epithelial tissue which is very good at
being able to stretch and distend as
urine accumulates in the bladder then
you it's really hard to see but you have
two holes inside of the bladder one is
going to be from the right urer and one
will be from the left urer they're
little holes so they call them the urer
orifices so let's imagine that this one
here would be a left uror orifice and
then there would be a right uror orifice
and then the urethra form like a
triangular structure it's called the
trigone okay so the trigone is made up
of the both the UR urer orifices and the
urethra and the internal urethro schiner
which is a little patch of smooth muscle
right here about in this area it's going
to to constrict the uh urethra and make
the nice little triangular structure
called the trigone okay that covers that
and just for those of you who want this
is actually the pubic symphysis which is
made up of fibrocartilage all right cool
now we're going to come back here now
we're going to come back here and we're
going to enter into the vagina or the
sheath now the vagina is really short
it's actually only about 3 to 4
centimeters long but it's very very
distensible okay so looking at this guy
you're going to see that the vagina is
actually going to make it be mucosa
layer is made up of a stratified
squamous epithelia tissue to resist
against friction and abrasion okay then
as we move our way up through the vagina
you're going to see a little smiley face
you see it see this vagina smiling at
you this is called the fornex okay so
the fornex is these little arches here
okay and it basically forms What's
called the external Oz and the internal
o we're not going to talk about that
here because it's really hard to see
from this view but again V vagina or
sheath and it's going to have an
epithelia made up of stratify squ famous
it has a lot of elastic tissue on the
outer parts and then again we're going
to have the Forex and that's going to be
the Arches here okay the smiley face
then at the edge here if I imagine I'm
poking imagine I'm poking this part here
of the uterus this right here is called
the cervix of the uterus okay so I'm
poking this part of here this is called
the cervix of the uterus now what I'm
going to do is we'll actually hit a
couple more things here so we can see it
uh but I'm going to take this piece off
here in a second because it can actually
get removed and we can see inside of the
uterus all right so let's go ahead and
do that for first all right so now what
we're going to do is we're going to take
a look at this kind of like the layering
of the uterus so outside the outer
covering of the uterus the outer
covering of the uterus is actually
called the perimetrium okay so it's
called the perimetrium it's actually
made up of a nice um simple squamous
epithelial tissue with a little bit of
aerial or connective tissue so it's
called the perimetrium now what I'm
going to do is so you can see inside
here I'm going to take this little piece
off here so we can see inside all right
so looking here you're going to notice
this nice smooth muscle layer nice
little muscular layer right here this
whole part here this is actually called
the myometrium and again the myometrium
is made up of a nice smooth muscle it's
good for the contractions of the uterus
okay during the actual expulsion process
during whenever you're trying to give
birth all right and then in here you're
going to have the uterine cavity so this
is the uterine cavity that's where the
actual fetus will stay during the
gestational period right so again that'
be the uterine cavity now the uterine
cavity is lined by this actual simple
colonar epithelial tissue called the
endometrium okay the endometrium and
again the endometrium is going to be a
simple columnar layer here lining the
actual uterine cavity so again
endometrium simple columnar epithelia
tissue lining the uterine cavity
myometrium is the actual smooth muscle
layer and then just to finish it off
again if I put this piece right back
here on
again this is going to be the
perimetrium and that's going to be again
simple squamous epithelia tissue with a
little bit of aerola connected tissue
all right so now let's go ahead and look
at some other structures here and back
in that normal view we had before all
right so just for the heck of it I
thought we'd throw this in there since
we did it with the male reproductive
system again this is going to be the
anal Canal here okay you're going to see
these little anal sinuses just these
little grooves right there and then
you're going to have two muscles here
surrounding the anal Canal the act the
most uh lower part of it right here this
is going to be What's called the
internal anal sphincter 50 okay and
basically what this muscle in again you
can see it kind of like right here too
so that's actually going to be the
internal Anish spincter internal Anish
spincter this is actually made up of
smooth muscle so it's under involuntary
control when this muscle contracts it's
going to try to start producing the
actual uh reflexive activity to want to
release or Evacuate the BS BS right now
who's preventing you from you know
restocking the lake with brown trout
right at that point time it's going to
be number 51 which is going to be called
the external anal spincter this is
skeletal muscle and it's under voluntary
control this is the guy that's holding
the fort down preventing you from going
into your pants right he was going to
wait for the the appropriate opportunity
the appropriate time you have conscious
control over this guy okay so again 51
is the external anal fanter he's under
uh somatic control or voluntary control
because he's skeletal muscle 50 is the
internal anal fanter which is smooth
muscle okay this guy will contract
whenever the reflexive activities are
occurring because of the stretching of
the rectum and then the external an fter
you have voluntary control over to
determine when you want to go ahead and
you know paint the town Brown all right
guys so to finish finish off here I just
want to highlight one last thing that's
kind of hard to point out from
everywhere it's it's kind of like a
large area it's called the Volva or the
penum it's consisting of a lot of
different parts of the external
genitalia so to kind of list them off in
an order we're going to say that one
part of the vulva or the pudendum is
called the mons pubis another part is
called the labia majora another one is
called the labia minora then there's
this space inside of the labia minora
called the
vestibule and then there's glands called
the greater vestibular glands or the
barlin glands that are actually
secreting that mucus into that vestile
they're also another component of the
vulva or the pudendum and then um we're
also going to have the clitoris okay and
if you remember the clitoris is the
erectile tissue which is surrounded by a
little uh skin folds laal skin folds
which is called the prepo okay those are
the main components of the Volva or the
pendum all right engers in this video we
covered a lot of information I hope it
all made sense I really hope that it
helped and I hope you guys enjoyed it if
you guys did please hit the like button
comment down in the comment section and
as always please subscribe all Engineers
as always until next time
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