Sumber Sejarah
Summary
TLDRThis educational video script discusses the concept of historical sources, categorizing them into written, oral, and physical sources. It explains the roles of historical actors and witnesses, highlighting the limitations of oral history due to memory constraints and subjectivity. The script also differentiates between primary and secondary sources, emphasizing the authenticity of primary sources as direct evidence from the time of the event. The lecture concludes with a wish for the audience's benefit and a traditional greeting.
Takeaways
- 📚 Historical sources are all information that can be used as a basis for reconstructing past events.
- 🔍 The information obtained from historical sources is about what happened, who was involved, where it happened, and when it occurred.
- 📜 Written sources are descriptions of past events conveyed in writing using media such as stone and paper.
- 🗣️ Oral sources are historical data that are not written down, obtained through interviews with historical actors or witnesses.
- 👤 Historical actors are individuals directly involved in historical events, such as President Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta in the proclamation of Indonesian independence.
- 👀 Historical witnesses are people who know about a historical event but are not directly involved, like neighbors who witnessed the proclamation of independence.
- 🧠 Limitations of oral history include the limited memory of individuals and high subjectivity due to different perspectives on events.
- 🏺 Material sources, also known as corporal sources, are historical sources obtained from cultural artifacts like tools, jewelry, and statues.
- 🏛️ Some material sources can be found in museums, while others can be directly observed at locations like Prambanan and Borobudur temples.
- 🔑 Primary sources are original or first-hand sources, such as archives written at the time of the event or direct information from historical actors.
- 📰 Secondary sources are also known as second-hand sources, like newspapers or historical writings based on primary sources or non-direct testimonies of the period under study.
Q & A
What is the definition of a historical source?
-A historical source is all information that can be used as a basis for reconstructing or recompiling past events.
What are the four main components of historical information obtained from sources?
-The four main components are what happened, who the actors were, where the event took place, and when the event occurred.
How are historical sources categorized?
-Historical sources are categorized into three types: written sources, oral sources, and object sources.
What is an example of a written historical source using stone?
-An example of a written historical source using stone is an inscription or 'prasasti'.
How are oral historical sources obtained?
-Oral historical sources are obtained through techniques such as interviews with historical actors or witnesses.
Who are considered historical actors?
-Historical actors are individuals who are directly involved in historical events, such as President Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta in the proclamation of Indonesian independence.
What is the difference between a historical actor and a historical witness?
-A historical actor is directly involved in the event, whereas a historical witness is someone who knows about an event but is not directly involved.
What are the limitations of oral history?
-The limitations of oral history include the limited memory of individuals and the high subjectivity due to different perspectives of actors and witnesses, which may lead to exaggeration or concealment of their roles.
What is an example of a physical or object historical source?
-Examples of physical historical sources are cultural artifacts like traditional tools, weapons, jewelry, and sculptures, some of which can be found in museums or seen at locations like Prambanan and Borobudur temples.
How are historical sources classified in terms of their nature?
-Historical sources are classified into primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are direct evidence from the time of the event, while secondary sources are interpretations or analyses based on primary sources or other non-direct evidence.
What is an example of a primary source in written form?
-An example of a primary source in written form is archives or documents created at the time of the event.
How are secondary sources defined, and what is an example?
-Secondary sources are defined as interpretations or analyses based on primary sources or non-direct evidence. An example is historical books or articles written by historians based on primary sources.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Historical Sources
This paragraph introduces the concept of historical sources, defining them as any information that can be used to reconstruct past events. It outlines the three main types of historical sources: written, oral, and material. Written sources include inscriptions on stone and paper, while oral sources are non-written historical data obtained through interviews with historical actors or witnesses. Material sources, also known as corporal sources, are derived from cultural artifacts like tools, weapons, jewelry, and statues, often found in museums or at cultural sites. The paragraph also distinguishes between primary and secondary sources, with primary sources being direct records of events and secondary sources being interpretations or analyses based on primary sources. The discussion concludes with a mention of the limitations of oral history, such as the fallibility of memory and the subjective nature of personal accounts.
🎶 Musical Interlude
This paragraph does not contain any spoken content but serves as a musical interlude, possibly to provide a break or transition in the video script.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Historical Source
💡Written Source
💡Oral Source
💡Historical Actor
💡Historical Witness
💡Subjectivity
💡Cultural Artifacts
💡Primary Source
💡Secondary Source
💡Memory Limitations
💡Reconstruction of Past Events
Highlights
Definition of historical sources: all information that can be used as a basis for reconstructing or compiling past events.
Historical sources are categorized into written, oral, and material sources.
Written sources are descriptions of past events conveyed in writing using media like stone and paper.
Inscriptions on stone are referred to as 'prasasti'.
Oral sources are historical data that are not written down, obtained through interviews with historical actors or witnesses.
Historical actors are individuals directly involved in historical events, such as President Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta during the Indonesian independence proclamation.
Historical witnesses are people who know about a historical event but are not directly involved, like the community witnessing the 1945 Indonesian independence proclamation.
Limitations of oral history include the limitations of memory and high subjectivity due to different perspectives of actors and witnesses.
Material sources, also known as corporal sources, are historical sources obtained from cultural artifacts like tools, weapons, jewelry, and statues.
Some material sources can be found in museums, while others can be directly observed at locations like Prambanan and Borobudur temples.
Historical sources are also characterized as primary and secondary sources.
Primary sources, also known as original sources, are documents written at the time of the event, such as archives.
Oral primary sources are direct information from historical actors.
Secondary sources, also known as second-hand sources, are written by historians based on primary sources or non-direct testimonies of the historical period.
Newspapers are an example of written secondary sources.
The session aims to be beneficial, ending with a wish for peace and blessings.
Transcripts
[Musik]
Kyuhyun cukup hari ini kita akan
membahas materi sumber sejarah
Hai definisi sumber sejarah
Hai sumber sejarah adalah seluruh
informasi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai
dasar untuk merekontruksi atau menyusun
kembali peristiwa masa lalu
Hai informasi yang diperoleh dari data
atau sumber sejarah adalah terangan
sekitar apa yang terjadi siapa pelakunya
dimana peristiwa itu terjadi dan kapan
peristiwa itu terjadi
Hai jenis-jenis sumber sejarah
Hai jenis sumber sejarah terbagi menjadi
tiga
hai pertama sumber tertulis yang kedua
sumber lisan dan yang ketiga adalah
sumber
Hai sumber tertulis
Hai sumber tertulis adalah keterangan
tentang peristiwa masa lalu yang
disampaikan secara tertulis dengan
menggunakan media tulis seperti batu dan
kertas
Hai sumber tertulis dengan menggunakan
batu disebut prasasti
Hai yang kedua sumber lisan
Hai data atau sumber sejarah tidak
semuanya ditulis banyak juga data atau
sumber sejarah yang tidak tertulis jenis
data atau sumber sejarah ini disebut
sebagai data atau sumber lisan cara
memperolehnya melalui teknik wawancara
kepada pelaku atau saksi sejarah
Hai sekarang kita bahas pelaku sejarah
pelaku sejarah adalah orang yang secara
langsung terlibat dalam peristiwa
sejarah sebagai contoh Presiden Soekarno
dan Mohammad Hatta pelaku sejarah dalam
peristiwa proklamasi kemerdekaan
Indonesia
Hai yang kedua saksi sejarah saksi
Sejarah adalah orang yang mengetahui
suatu peristiwa sejarah tetapi tidak
terlibat secara langsung
Hai misalnya masyarakat sekitar tempat
tinggal Presiden Soekarno di Jalan
Pegangsaan Timur yang menyaksikan
pembacaan teks proklamasi kemerdekaan
Indonesia pada tanggal 17-8-1945
kekurangan dari sejarah lisan yang
pertama adanya keterbatasan daya ingat
seseorang atau pelaku atau saksi sejarah
terhadap suatu peristiwa yang
diketahuinya yang kedua memiliki
subjektivitas yang tinggi dikarenakan
sudut pandang yang berbeda dari
masing-masing pelaku dan saksi terhadap
suatu peristiwa sehingga mereka akan
cenderung memperbesar perannya
Hai dan menutupi kekurangannya
Hai yang terakhir sumber
Hai sumber benda disebut juga sebagai
sumber korporal yaitu sumber sejarah
yang diperoleh dari peninggalan
benda-benda kebudayaan misalnya
alat-alat benda budaya seperti kapak
gerabah perhiasan manik-manik Candi dan
patung sebagian sumber benda ini
terdapat di Museum dan sebagiannya lagi
dapat disaksikan secara langsung di
lokasi seperti candi Prambanan Candi
Borobudur dan lain sebagainya
Hai yang terakhir yaitu sifat sumber
sejarah
Hai sifat sumber sejarah terbagi menjadi
dua yaitu sumber primer dan sumber
sekunder
Hai yang pertama sumber primer sumber
primer disebut juga sumber utama atau
sumber asli contoh sumber primer
tertulis adalah arsip-arsip arsip
dikatakan sebagai sumber primer karena
ditulis pada saat terjadinya peristiwa
tersebut
di dalam sumber lisan yang disebut
sumber primer adalah informasi yang
diberikan langsung oleh pelaku sejarah
Hai yang kedua sumber sekunder
Hai sumber sekunder disebut juga dengan
sumber kedua contoh sumber sekunder
tertulis adalah surat kabar sumber yang
ditulis oleh sejarawan berdasarkan
sumber primer atau sumber yang bukan
merupakan kesaksian langsung pada
periode sejarah yang diteliti oleh
sejarawan
Hai demikian pertemuan untuk hari ini
mudah-mudahan bermanfaat
wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh
[Musik]
[Tepuk tangan]
[Musik]
[Tepuk tangan]
[Musik]
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