MOSFET BJT or IGBT - Brief comparison Basic components #004

Summary

This video explores the key differences between three types of transistors: MOSFETs, BJTs, and IGBTs. It explains how each type works, their advantages, and when to use one over the other, depending on factors like current, voltage, and application. The video covers aspects such as power control, switching speed, circuit complexity, and cost, helping viewers choose the right transistor for their projects. Additionally, the creator provides helpful diagrams and parameters to consider when selecting components. The video also includes a sponsorship from JL CPCB, discussing PCB production services.

Takeaways

• 📢 The video discusses the differences between MOSFETs, BJTs, and IGBTs, and their suitability for various electronic projects.
• 🔍 The choice between these transistors depends on the application area, load power modulation technique, and frequency requirements.
• 📡 BJTs are represented with a collector, emitter, and base, and their output current is controlled by the base current.
• 💧 MOSFETs have a drain, source, and gate, with current flow controlled by the voltage applied to the gate.
• 🔌 IGBTs combine features of both BJTs and MOSFETs, with an emitter, collector, and gate control like a MOSFET.
• 🔋 BJTs are high voltage, low current devices with complex base drive requirements.
• 💪 MOSFETs are high current, low voltage devices with simpler gate control circuits.
• 🏭 IGBTs are high voltage and high current devices with lower conduction losses but slower switching speeds.
• 📊 A three-dimensional graph is used to illustrate the maximum current, frequency, and voltage capabilities of each transistor type.
• 📄 When selecting a transistor, consider parameters like continuous current rating (IC), current gain (hFE), on voltage, turn-off time, and breakdown voltage.
• 💰 Cost is an important factor, with BJTs being the cheapest, MOSFETs medium-priced, and IGBTs generally more expensive.

Q & A

What are the three types of transistors discussed in the video?

The video discusses MOSFETs, BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistors), and IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).

What is the primary function of these power semiconductor components?

The primary function is to control the current through a load in a controlled manner, which could be fully on, fully off, or something in-between.

How does the current flow in a BJT?

In a BJT, current flows between the collector and the emitter, and this flow is controlled by the signal applied to the base.

What is the control type for a MOSFET?

The current flow between the drain and the source in a MOSFET is controlled by the voltage applied to the gate.

How does an IGBT differ from a MOSFET and a BJT in terms of control?

An IGBT is a mix between a MOSFET and a BJT. It has the emitter and collector like a BJT, but it is controlled by a signal applied to the gate, similar to a MOSFET.

What are the typical applications of BJTs, MOSFETs, and IGBTs?

BJTs are typically used for high voltage and low current applications, MOSFETs for high current and low voltage applications, and IGBTs for high voltage and high current applications.

What are the key parameters to consider when selecting a BJT?

Key parameters for a BJT include the continuous current rating (IC), current gain (hFE), on voltage, turn off time, and breakdown voltage.

What parameters are important to check for a MOSFET?

For a MOSFET, it's important to check the threshold voltage, current rating, and on resistance.

How does the cost generally compare between BJTs, MOSFETs, and IGBTs?

BJTs are usually the cheapest, followed by MOSFETs at a medium price, and IGBTs are generally more expensive.

What is the significance of the three-dimensional graph for applications mentioned in the video?

The three-dimensional graph helps to visualize the maximum current, maximum frequency, and maximum voltage capabilities for each type of transistor, aiding in the selection process based on specific circuit requirements.

Why might one choose an IGBT over a BJT or a MOSFET?

One might choose an IGBT over a BJT or a MOSFET because IGBTs combine the high voltage and current handling capabilities of BJTs with the simple gate control of MOSFETs, making them suitable for applications requiring high power management with lower switching losses.