Layout of The City - Mohenjo-Daro - History || Extramarks
Summary
TLDRJoin Hendron on a journey back in time to the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro, a marvel of the Indus Valley Civilization. Explore the Citadel with its fortified walls and the Great Bath, a bathing complex for the elite. Venture into the Lower Town, a bustling residential area with a sophisticated grid layout, two-story houses, and an impressive drainage system. Discover how this city managed water supply and daily life over 5,000 years ago.
Takeaways
- 🏺 **Ancient City**: The speaker, Hendron, introduces Mohenjo-daro, an ancient city from nearly 5,000 years ago.
- 🏰 **City Layout**: Mohenjo-daro was divided into two main parts: the Citadel and the Lower Town, with the exception of Kolavitola which had three parts.
- 🌐 **Citadel Significance**: The Citadel was a fortified mound and the administrative center of the city.
- 🛁 **Great Bath**: A significant structure in the Citadel was the Great Bath, likely used for bathing by the city's rulers.
- 🏘️ **Lower Town**: The Lower Town was a residential area and a hub for economic and cultural activities.
- 🏠 **Housing**: Houses in Mohenjo-daro were single or double storey with a grid-like street pattern.
- 🚿 **Sanitation**: The city had a well-planned sanitation system with drains for wastewater disposal.
- 💧 **Water Supply**: Water was supplied to the city from large public wells for bathing and washing.
- 👋 **Tour Conclusion**: Hendron concludes the tour and bids farewell to the audience.
- 📚 **Learning Experience**: The script suggests that the tour was meant to be educational and informative.
Q & A
Who is Hendron and what is the significance of his name in the script?
-Hendron is a fictional character in the script, representing a person who lived nearly 5,000 years ago in the city of Mohenjo-daro. The name Hendron is not historically significant but serves to personalize the narrative and make the ancient city's description more relatable to the audience.
What is the city of Mohenjo-daro known for?
-Mohenjo-daro is known for being one of the largest settlements of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, showcasing advanced urban planning and architectural features for its time.
How was the city of Mohenjo-daro divided?
-The city was divided into two main parts: the Citadel, which was the higher part built on a raised hill, and the Lower Town, which was of lesser height. Except for the city of Kolavitum, which had three parts.
What was the Citadel's role in Mohenjo-daro?
-The Citadel was the nerve center of the city, surrounded by fortified walls, and contained important structures like the Great Bath, which was likely used for bathing by the city's rulers.
What was the Great Bath and its probable use?
-The Great Bath was a huge tank made watertight by plaster and natural tar, located in the Upper Town of Mohenjo-daro. It was probably used for bathing purposes by the rulers.
Describe the layout of the Lower Town in Mohenjo-daro.
-The Lower Town was the residential area where common people lived. It was a thriving economic and cultural center with single or double storey houses. The streets were laid out in a grid-like pattern, intersecting each other at right angles.
How did the houses in Mohenjo-daro's Lower Town facilitate daily life?
-Houses had separate rooms for different activities, with some rooms set aside for bathing. Wastewater from bathrooms was directed to drains that lined the inner streets, showcasing a well-planned drainage system.
What was the source of water supply for Mohenjo-daro?
-The city received its water supply from large public wells, which provided water for bathing and washing purposes for the citizens.
How does the script suggest that Mohenjo-daro was advanced for its time?
-The script suggests Mohenjo-daro's advancement through its detailed urban planning, including a well-organized grid pattern for streets, a sophisticated drainage system, and the presence of public facilities like the Great Bath and wells.
What is the script's purpose in describing Mohenjo-daro?
-The script aims to educate and engage the audience by providing a guided tour of Mohenjo-daro, highlighting how people lived in the city and showcasing the city's architectural and urban planning achievements.
Why did the city of Mohenjo-daro eventually get buried under the sands of time?
-The script does not provide specific reasons for the city's burial, but it is historically believed that a combination of factors such as climate change, decline in trade, and changes in river courses could have contributed to the city's decline and eventual abandonment.
Outlines
🏰 Guided Tour of Mohenjo-daro
The script introduces a guided tour of the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro, which was part of the Harappa civilization nearly 5,000 years ago. The city was divided into two main parts: the Citadel, a fortified area on a raised hill, and the Lower Town, a residential and cultural center. The Citadel featured the Great Bath, a significant structure likely used for bathing by the city's rulers. The Lower Town was characterized by a grid-like street pattern and a well-organized drainage system that efficiently managed wastewater. The city's water supply came from large public wells, which were essential for the citizens' bathing and washing needs.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Mohenjo-daro
💡Indus Valley Civilization
💡Citadel
💡Lower Town
💡Great Bath
💡Grid Pattern
💡Drainage System
💡Public Wells
💡Hydraulic Engineering
💡Urban Planning
💡Archaeological Site
Highlights
Introduction to the ancient city of Mohenjo-daro by a historical figure.
Mohenjo-daro was a city of the Harappa civilization, buried under sands over time.
The city was divided into two main parts: the Citadel and the Lower Town.
The Citadel was a fortified area and the city's nerve center.
The Great Bath in the Citadel was likely used for bathing by the rulers.
The Lower Town was a residential area and a hub for economic and cultural activities.
Houses in the Lower Town were single or double storey with grid-like street patterns.
Each house had separate rooms for various activities, including bathing.
Waste water was directed to a well-planned drainage system.
The city had a sophisticated water supply system with large public wells.
The tour provides insights into the daily life and urban planning of Mohenjo-daro.
The city's architecture and infrastructure reflect advanced urban planning for its time.
The guided tour concludes with a farewell from the historical figure.
The city's layout and design indicate a focus on hygiene and community living.
Mohenjo-daro's planning showcases the civilization's understanding of urban needs.
The tour invites viewers to appreciate the historical significance of Mohenjo-daro.
The city's advanced drainage and water systems are highlighted as key features.
The historical figure's narrative brings the ancient city to life for modern audiences.
Transcripts
you
hello my name is Hendron nearly 5,000
years ago I lived in the city of
mohenjo-daro sadly times there's no one
after its period of glory my city to got
buried under the sands of time today I
have conjured up my city for you to show
how we lived come let me take you on a
guided tour of my city the cities of the
Harappa civilization were essentially
divided into two parts except colavita
which had three the part towards the
west was higher built on a raised hill
and was known as the Citadel the other
part on the east was called the Lower
Town and was of a lesser height the
Citadel was a prominent mound surrounded
by fortified walls it was the nerve
center of the city
here is the grid box it was an important
structure in the Upper Town a huge tank
called the great bath was made
watertight by plaster and natural tar it
was probably used for bathing purposes
by the rulers and had steps leading down
to the water on both sides let me take
you to the lower down now
the Lowertown was the residential area
where the common folk lived it was a
thriving economic and cultural center
the houses were single or double storey
high where r streets were laid out in a
grid-like pattern intersecting each
other at right angles houses opened on
two smaller lanes on the outside and
courtyards on the inside within the
house separate rooms were made for
different activities some rooms appear
to have been set aside for bathing waste
water from the bathroom was directed to
the drains which lined the inner streets
larger drains on the main street
assisted the flow of wastewater towards
the outskirts of the city this proved
the existence of a well-planned drainage
system the city received its water
supply from large public wealth these
provided water for bathing and washing
purposes for the citizens
I do hope you enjoyed looking at my city
and learnt something from it I must
video at you now so goodbye and all the
best
you
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