Co to jest ADHD? Najczęstsze mity!

Summary

The script discusses Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), explaining its definition, symptoms, and impact on daily life. It clarifies misconceptions, highlighting ADHD as a neurodevelopmental variation rather than a disease. The speaker, Ania, who has a significant mixed subtype of ADHD, shares her experience and emphasizes the importance of understanding the condition's complexity. She mentions therapy, medication, and psychoeducation as key tools for managing ADHD, inviting viewers to her channel for more insights and support.

Takeaways

• 👨‍⚕️ The script is supported by Dr. Tomasz Gondek, a medical professional.
• 🏫 ADHD is often first encountered in primary school, not as a lesson topic, but as a label for behavior.
• ⚠️ ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is more complex than just hyperactivity.
• 🌐 The latest definition of ADHD is in the ICD-11, developed by the World Health Organization (WHO).
• 👶 ADHD can be diagnosed in both children and adults, regardless of gender.
• 🔍 Diagnosis is based on symptoms from two areas: attention deficit and hyperactivity-impulsivity.
• 📝 Symptoms include difficulty maintaining focus, making careless mistakes, and inability to sit still.
• 🔢 For an ADHD diagnosis, a person must show at least 5 out of 9 symptoms from at least one of the symptom areas.
• ⏳ Symptoms must be present for at least 6 months and several must have been present before the age of 12.
• 💡 The impact of symptoms should be significant in at least two areas of life, such as work, education, or relationships.
• 🤔 ADHD is not just hyperactivity; it has three subtypes: predominantly inattention, predominantly hyperactivity, and combined.

Q & A

What does ADHD stand for and what is its Polish translation?

ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. In Polish, it is translated as Zespół Nadpobudliwości Psychoruchowej z Deficytem Uwagi.

According to the ICD-11, who can be diagnosed with ADHD and what are the criteria for diagnosis?

ADHD can be diagnosed in both children and adults, regardless of gender. It is diagnosed based on symptoms from two areas: attention deficit and hyperactivity and impulsivity. A person must exhibit at least 5 out of 9 symptoms from at least one of the two areas.

What are some examples of symptoms for the attention deficit category in ADHD?

Examples of symptoms for the attention deficit category include difficulty maintaining concentration, careless mistakes in tasks, and forgetfulness in routine daily activities.

What are the symptoms indicative of hyperactivity in ADHD?

Symptoms of hyperactivity in ADHD include the inability to sit still, the need for constant physical activity, and impatience while waiting for one's turn.

How long should the symptoms of ADHD be present for a diagnosis to be made?

The symptoms should be present for at least 6 months and at least a few of the symptoms must have been present before the age of 12.

What is the significance of the impact of ADHD symptoms on a person's life?

The symptoms of ADHD should significantly affect at least two areas of life, such as work, education, interpersonal relationships, or leisure time.

What are the three subtypes of ADHD according to the diagnostic criteria?

The three subtypes of ADHD are: 1) Predominantly Inattentive Type, 2) Predominantly Hyperactive Type, and 3) Combined Type, which combines characteristics of the first two subtypes.

How does the speaker describe their personal experience with ADHD?

The speaker, Ania, describes having the combined type of ADHD at a significant level, with noticeable symptoms of both impulsivity and difficulty controlling her body and mind.

What misconception does the speaker address about people with the first subtype of ADHD?

The speaker addresses the misconception that people with the first subtype of ADHD, who may appear calm, do not have ADHD or that their diagnosis is less credible, despite still having challenges.

How does the speaker explain the 'concentration deficit' in ADHD?

The speaker explains that the 'concentration deficit' in ADHD is not about having no concentration at all, but rather a lack of resources to regulate it. People with ADHD have two switches: one set to random and the other to 200%, indicating difficulty in regulation.

What is the speaker's view on the term 'disease' when referring to ADHD?

The speaker suggests that 'disease' is not the best term for ADHD, as it is officially classified as a 'disorder' or a neurodevelopmental variation, which means it is a lifelong condition that cannot be cured but can be managed.

What are the main strategies the speaker mentions for managing ADHD?

The speaker mentions Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to develop new strategies for action, pharmacotherapy to better control symptoms, and psychoeducation about the disorder as main strategies for managing ADHD.

Outlines

00:00

😀 Understanding ADHD: Misconceptions and Medical Perspective

This paragraph introduces the topic of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), highlighting common misconceptions and the need for a more complex understanding. Dr. Tomasz Gondek provides medical support for the discussion. ADHD is explained as a condition that can be diagnosed in both children and adults, regardless of gender, and is characterized by symptoms from two domains: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. The paragraph clarifies that ADHD is not simply about being restless but involves a significant impact on various life areas, such as work, education, and social relationships. It also emphasizes the importance of proper diagnosis based on a minimum of five out of nine symptoms from at least one of the two domains, lasting for at least six months and present before the age of 12.

🔍 Diagnosing ADHD: Criteria and Subtypes

The paragraph delves into the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, outlining the specific symptoms that must be present for a diagnosis to be made. It mentions that individuals must exhibit at least five symptoms from either the inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity domains. Additionally, these symptoms should have been present for at least six months and some must have been noted before the age of 12. The paragraph also introduces three subtypes of ADHD: predominantly inattentive type, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type, and a combined type. The speaker, Ania, shares her personal experience of having a significant combined type of ADHD, emphasizing the visibility of her symptoms and the challenges she faces in controlling her impulsive body and mind.

🤔 The Complexity of ADHD: Variability and Lifelong Impact

This paragraph addresses the variability of ADHD symptoms and their lifelong impact. It discusses how the condition can manifest differently as individuals age and face new challenges. The speaker clarifies that the term 'deficit' in ADHD is not entirely accurate, as it is not about the complete absence of concentration but rather the inability to regulate it effectively. The paragraph also challenges the notion of ADHD as a 'disease' and instead frames it as a neurodevelopmental disorder, emphasizing its lifelong nature and the importance of learning to live with it. The speaker encourages understanding and acceptance of the diverse experiences of those with ADHD.

🛠️ Coping with ADHD: Treatments and Support

The final paragraph focuses on the various ways to manage ADHD to make it less burdensome in daily life. It mentions Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a helpful approach to develop new strategies for coping with ADHD symptoms. Additionally, pharmacotherapy is highlighted as a means to better control symptoms. The importance of psychoeducation about ADHD is also underscored, and the speaker introduces her channel as a safe space for those interested in learning more about ADHD, considering a diagnosis, or seeking tips for managing the disorder. The paragraph concludes with a personal anecdote from the speaker about her frustration with common misconceptions about ADHD and her commitment to providing support and understanding through her channel.

Keywords

💡ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, known as ADHD, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. In the video, ADHD is the central theme, with the speaker discussing its diagnosis, symptoms, and impact on daily life. The script mentions that ADHD can be diagnosed in both children and adults, regardless of gender, and it is described as a condition that affects various aspects of life, including work, education, and interpersonal relationships.

💡ICD-11

The International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) is a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the script, it is mentioned as the source of the latest definition of ADHD, indicating its global recognition and standardization in medical diagnosis. The ICD-11 provides a framework for diagnosing ADHD based on specific symptoms and their impact on an individual's life.

💡Symptoms

Symptoms in the context of ADHD refer to the observable behaviors and difficulties that an individual with the disorder might exhibit. The script outlines two main symptom areas: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Examples given in the video include difficulty maintaining concentration, making careless mistakes, and being unable to sit still or wait patiently. These symptoms are crucial for diagnosing ADHD and understanding its manifestations.

💡Diagnosis

Diagnosis in the script refers to the process of identifying ADHD based on the presence of specific symptoms that significantly impact an individual's life. The video explains that a diagnosis requires the presence of at least five out of nine symptoms from at least one of the two symptom areas, and these symptoms must have been present for at least six months, with some symptoms evident before the age of 12.

💡Impact on life

The impact on life in the video script refers to the significant effects that ADHD symptoms can have on various aspects of an individual's life, such as work, education, and interpersonal relationships. The speaker emphasizes that the symptoms of ADHD should cause a substantial impact on at least two areas of life to warrant a diagnosis, highlighting the disorder's pervasive nature.

💡Subtypes

The video script discusses three subtypes of ADHD: predominantly inattentive presentation, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive presentation, and combined presentation. These subtypes are based on the predominant symptoms an individual exhibits. The speaker clarifies that not all individuals with ADHD display hyperactivity, which is a common misconception, and that the subtypes help in understanding the varied presentations of the disorder.

💡Neurodevelopmental disorder

Neurodevelopmental disorder is a term used in the video to describe conditions that affect the growth and development of the brain. ADHD is classified as a neurodevelopmental disorder because it involves differences in the development and functioning of the nervous system, particularly areas of the brain responsible for planning, prioritizing, memory, and attention regulation.

💡Therapy

Therapy in the context of the video refers to treatments and interventions aimed at helping individuals with ADHD manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life. The script mentions Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy as two important forms of therapy. CBT helps develop new strategies for action, while pharmacotherapy assists in controlling symptoms that are otherwise difficult to manage.

💡Psychoeducation

Psychoeducation in the video script refers to the process of educating individuals about their condition to enhance their understanding and self-management skills. The speaker created the channel to provide psychoeducation about ADHD, aiming to offer a safe space for learning more about the disorder, considering a diagnosis, or seeking tips on coping with ADHD.

💡Stigma

Stigma in the video is implied through the speaker's personal experience and the broader societal misconceptions about ADHD. The speaker mentions frustration with being told to 'control' their functions, which they have no influence over, indicating the stigma and misunderstanding surrounding ADHD. The video aims to challenge these stigmas by providing accurate information and support.

💡Regulation of attention

The regulation of attention is discussed in the script as a key area affected in individuals with ADHD. The speaker uses an analogy of having only two switches for attention regulation: one set to random and the other to 200%, instead of a smooth scale like in individuals without ADHD. This illustrates the difficulty in controlling attention and highlights the need for strategies and therapies to manage this aspect of the disorder.

Highlights

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a complex topic often misunderstood and first encountered in primary school.

ADHD is diagnosed based on symptoms from two categories: inattention and hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Examples of inattention symptoms include difficulty maintaining focus and careless mistakes in tasks.

Hyperactivity symptoms can manifest as an inability to sit still and constant need for motion.

For an ADHD diagnosis, an individual must show at least 5 out of 9 symptoms from at least one of the two areas.

Symptoms must be present for at least 6 months and some must have been present before the age of 12.

The symptoms should significantly impact at least two areas of life, such as work, education, or social relationships.

ADHD is not just hyperactivity; it's a misconception to treat it as such.

There are three subtypes of ADHD: predominantly inattention, predominantly hyperactivity, and a combined type.

A personal account of living with ADHD, including the challenges and the reality of managing the condition.

ADHD is not a disease but a neurodevelopmental variation, meaning it involves differences in the development and functioning of the nervous system.

The term 'disease' implies a possibility of cure, which is not applicable to ADHD as it is a lifelong condition.

Therapies such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and pharmacotherapy are crucial in managing ADHD symptoms.

Psychoeducation about ADHD is essential for understanding and coping with the condition.

The speaker, Ania, shares her personal experience with ADHD and her significant subtype, emphasizing the variability in symptoms.

ADHD symptoms can change throughout life, presenting new challenges and manifestations.

The concept of a 'concentration deficit' in ADHD is not precise; it's more about the regulation of concentration.

Strategies and treatments for ADHD are aimed at making the condition less burdensome in daily life.

The speaker encourages viewers to learn more about ADHD, consider diagnosis, and seek tips for managing the condition through her channel.

A call to action for viewers to take control of their understanding and management of ADHD.

Transcripts

Za wsparcie merytoryczne tego odcinka odpowiada dr nauk medycznych Tomasz Gondek

Wszystkie link do kontaktu w opisie

Myślę, że o ADHD najczęściej pierwszy raz słyszymy będąc w szkole podstawowej

Niestety, nie jako temat omawiany na lekcji, a raczej pomiędzy lekcjami, gdy rówieśnicy

wyzywają tych wyjątkowo irytujących, złośliwych i głośnych chłopców

[krzyk]

To bardzo spłyca temat ADHD, a prawda jest trochę bardziej złożona

ADHD czyli Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder po polsku tłumaczone jest jako

Zespół Nadpobudliwości Psychoruchowej z Deficytem Uwagi

Najnowsza definicja ADHD jest zawarta w ICD-11 czyli Międzynarodowej Statystycznej

Klasyfikacji Problemów Zdrowotnych i Chorób Opracowanej przez WHO - Światową Organizację Zdrowia.

ADHD może być diagnozowane zarówno u dzieci, jak i u dorosłych niezależnie od płci.

Diagnozuje się je na podstawie symptomów z dwóch zakresów:

deficytu uwagi oraz nadpobudliwości i impulsywności

Przykładowe symptomy dla zakresu Deficytu Uwagi to trudności z utrzymaniem koncentracji,

nieuważne błędy przy wykonywaniu zadań lub zapominanie o rutynowych, codziennych sprawach

Przykładowe symptomy dla zakresu nadpobudliwości to: niemożność usiedzenia w bezruchu,

potrzeba nawet najmniejszej, ciągłej aktywności ruchowej czy niecierpliwość w oczekiwaniu na swoją kolej

Każda osoba od czasu do czasu spotyka się z tymi problemami,

ale nie każda w takim stopniu jak osoba z ADHD.

Żeby zostać zdiagnozowanym z ADHD, osoba badana musi wykazywać

przynajmniej 5 z 9 symptomów z conajmniej jednego z dwóch obszarów:

Deficytu Uwagi i/lub Nadpobudliwości i Impulsywności.

Dodatkowo, objawy te powinny występować przez conajmniej 6 miesięcy

a conajmniej kilka z objawów musiało występować również przed 12 rokiem życia.

Ważne jest także, by objawy wywierały istotny wpływ

na conajmniej dwa obszary życia: na przykład pracę, edukację, relacje międzyludzkie

czy sposób spędzania wolnego czasu.

Często ludzie traktują ADHD jako "po prostu" synonim nadpobudliwości i jest to błąd.

W rzeczywistości, na podstawie formularza diagnostycznego, można wyróżnić 3 różne podtypy.

1szy podtyp z przewagą deficytu koncentracji, 2gi podtyp z przewagą nadpobudliwości,

I 3ci: podtyp mieszany, czyli łączący podtyp pierwszy i drugi.

Yyy, hej tak w ogóle, nazywam się Ania i również mam zdiagnozowane ADHD.

Moja diagnoza to właśnie podtyp mieszany w stopniu znacznym. I faktycznie, moje objawy są dość widoczne

Zarówno trudno kontroluję swoje impulsywne ciało jak i głowę.

Znam jednak osoby zdiagnozowane z pierwszym podtypem, które są na codzień bardzo spokojne

i ich prezencja ADHD w ogóle nie wpasowuje się w stereotyp.

Przez co często ludzie traktują ich ADHD jako mało wiarygodne. Mimo że wciąż mają problemy.

To jest więc coś, co najbardziej bym chciała, żeby ludzie zrozumieli.

Każda osoba z ADHD zawiera w sobie konstelację różnie nasilonych symptomów

które, w dodatku, mogą zmieniać swoją formę w ciągu życia. Wraz z wiekiem pojawiają się nowe wyzwania

i sytuacje przy których ADHD może się trochę inaczej manifestować.

Tu warto wspomnieć, że termin "deficyt" koncentracji nie jest do końca precyzyjny

bo to nie jest tak, że nie mamy koncentracji W OGÓLE.

Nie mamy po prostu zasobów, żeby tę koncentrację regulować.

W mózgu osoby bez ADHD "regulator" koncentracji ma płynną skalę, powiedzmy, od 0 do 100%.

Natomiast osoby z ADHD mają dwa przełączniki: jeden ustawiony na tryb losowy

drugi ustawiony na tryb 200%. I ten problem regulacji dotyczy wielu różnych obszarów naszego życia.

Często słyszy się, że ADHD to choroba. I to nie jest też do końca dobre słowo.

ADHD jest oficjalnie klasyfikowane jako Zaburzenie. I rozumiemy je jako

wariant neurorozwojowym odmienny od typowego - oznacza to, że u jego podłoża leżą odmienności

w rozwoju i funkcjonowaniu układu nerwowego. Części mózgu, które odpowiedzialne są za

planowanie, priorytetyzowanie, zapamiętywanie czy właśnie regulację uwagi

rozwijają się u nas w odmienny sposób i funkcjonują inaczej.

Termin "Choroba" sugeruje możliwość całkowitego, albo przynajmniej częściowego wyleczenia się,

ale niestety zatrzymanie zmian w rozwoju mózgu jest niemożliwe.

Z ADHD się rodzimy i z ADHD umieramy. Z ADHD musimy nauczyć się żyć.

Na szczęście, jest wiele sposobów na to, jak sprawić, by to zaburzenie było dla nas mniej uciążliwe na codzień.

To co najbardziej nam pomaga to Terapia Poznawczo-Behawioralna,

która pomaga rozwijać nowe strategie działania,

i farmakoterapia, dzięki której lepiej kontrolujemy symptomy, na które bez leczenia nie mamy aż takiego wpływu.

Równie ważna jest też psychoedukacja na temat samego zaburzenia i właśnie dlatego stworzyłam ten kanał.

Jeśli chcesz dowiedzieć się więcej o ADHD, myślisz o diagnozie, albo szukasz jakichś tipów

na radzenie sobie z tym zaburzeniem, to jest twoja bezpieczna przestrzeń

(albo przynajmniej, chciałabym żeby się stała taką bezpieczną przestrzenią)

Bo całe życie byłam sfrustrowana gdy słyszałam "Ogarnij się" wobec moich dysfunkcji,

na które nie miałam wpływu. W związku z tym, gdy teraz już wiem, jak sobie z tym radzić,

To rzucam Uno Reverse Card i mówię, i proponuję: Lepiej sami ogarnijcie ADHD.

i obserwujcie ten kanał :--) Cześć!