BPAG 171 UNIT 2 विपदा जोखिम और संवेदनशीलता IGNOU Important QUESTION आपदा प्रबंधन disaster management

Summary

In this video, the importance of understanding disasters and their impacts is discussed. It covers the types of disasters, including sudden and slow-onset events, as well as man-made causes like industrial accidents and wars. The video explains the significance of risk management, preparedness, and the role of sensitivity factors such as population displacement and urbanization in disaster outcomes. By emphasizing the need for effective disaster identification and evaluation, it encourages viewers to understand the importance of being proactive in minimizing disaster-related damages. Additionally, the impact of geographical factors like global warming on disaster risks is explored.

Takeaways

• 😀 Disasters can be categorized into different types and have both natural and man-made causes.
• 😀 Being prepared for a disaster can reduce its potential damages, especially to people, the environment, and economy.
• 😀 In the 19th century, disasters were primarily linked to land or climate; now they are seen in various forms.
• 😀 Disasters affect both the population and the environment, causing destruction to both social life and ecological systems.
• 😀 Risk management strategies, including preparation and advanced planning, help mitigate the impacts of disasters.
• 😀 Population displacement occurs due to disasters like floods, droughts, and wars, forcing people to move from affected areas.
• 😀 Urbanization can increase the risk of disasters by promoting overpopulation, social conflict, and spreading diseases.
• 😀 Geographical factors like global warming contribute to environmental changes such as rising sea levels and more frequent floods.
• 😀 The identification of disasters requires scientific data and sources, and it involves understanding the environmental conditions to predict disasters.
• 😀 Effective risk evaluation relies on sufficient data and technology to assess the damage caused by a disaster and to make accurate estimates.
• 😀 Sensitivity to disasters can be influenced by both natural and man-made factors, with human activity contributing to the severity of impacts.

Q & A

What is the focus of the video script?

The video script focuses on educating viewers about various types of disasters, their causes, impacts, and how to manage and reduce the risks associated with them. It covers topics such as disaster identification, sensitivity factors, population displacement, urbanization, and geographical factors.

What is meant by 'Vibhinda risk' in the context of the video?

'Vibhinda risk' refers to the concept where both human and natural factors contribute to the occurrence and severity of a disaster. The video explains how these factors can lead to significant damage to both human life and the environment.

How have disaster perceptions changed from the 19th century to the present?

In the 19th century, disasters were seen as events related to land or climate. However, in the present day, disasters are categorized and given specific names based on their type, and they are understood to impact populations in various forms beyond just land or climate.

What role does preparedness play in mitigating the effects of a disaster?

Preparedness plays a crucial role in reducing the loss caused by disasters. Being prepared in advance allows communities to respond effectively, minimizing damage to lives, property, and the environment.

What are the different types of disasters mentioned in the script?

The script categorizes disasters into sudden, slow, industrial, and man-made types. Examples include earthquakes, floods, epidemics, industrial accidents, and wars. It also distinguishes between direct and indirect disasters.

How does urbanization contribute to the loss of education during disasters?

Urbanization leads to overcrowding in cities, which increases the risk of disease outbreaks. It also creates social unrest and exacerbates conflicts, all of which can disrupt education and other essential services during a disaster.

What are some ways to detect the possibility of a disaster, such as a flood?

To detect the possibility of a flood, land-use management practices can be employed. For example, monitoring the condition of dams and identifying signs of soil erosion can help detect potential failures in infrastructure like dams, preventing a flood.

How can risk evaluation help during and after a disaster?

Risk evaluation helps by assessing the damage to people, property, and the environment after a disaster. It requires accurate data and technology to determine the extent of the damage and plan for recovery.

What are the factors that contribute to the sensitivity of a population during a disaster?

The sensitivity of a population to a disaster is influenced by both natural and man-made factors. For example, population displacement, lack of infrastructure, and poor access to resources can increase the sensitivity of a community to the impacts of a disaster.

What impact does global warming have on disaster risks?

Global warming contributes to the increasing frequency and severity of disasters like floods, droughts, and coastal erosion. Melting ice from glaciers and rising sea levels are examples of how global warming disrupts the environment and increases the likelihood of disasters.