El centro histórico de Lima, patrimonio de la Humanidad

Summary

The video takes viewers through the historic center of Lima, showcasing significant landmarks like the Plaza de Armas, the Cathedral, and the Government Palace. The script delves into Lima's rich history, from Francisco Pizarro's contributions to the city to the impact of colonial times, including public executions and bullfights. It also discusses the cultural and political aspects of modern-day Lima, including the current government, traditions, and safety issues. The video highlights the city's resilience, with the Cathedral surviving multiple earthquakes, and the ongoing preservation efforts to maintain its heritage.

Takeaways

• 😀 The historic center of Lima, Peru, is a key cultural and historical area, where Francisco Pizarro established the first operations center after discovering Peru.
• 😀 Francisco Pizarro ordered the construction of the 'pileta' in the 16th century, which remains a significant historical monument.
• 😀 Lima's main square features the French-style Government Palace, which serves as the residence of the President of Peru.
• 😀 The Cathedral of Lima, constructed in 1535, was also ordered by Francisco Pizarro and is considered an important symbol of the city.
• 😀 The historical center of Lima has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1988 and has many preserved and deteriorating balconies.
• 😀 Lima has a strong taurine tradition, with bullfighting events still held, and the city also has a history of executions by the Spanish Inquisition.
• 😀 Lima is Latin America's most visited city, with 4.2 million visitors annually, and 85% of the population identifies as Catholic.
• 😀 Lima is prone to frequent seismic activity, including earthquakes. The city's infrastructure, such as the Cathedral, is built to withstand these tremors.
• 😀 There is a preparedness culture for earthquakes in Lima, with families keeping emergency bags containing food, water, and medical supplies.
• 😀 The military presence is strong in Lima, including at the Presidential Palace, where the change of guard is an important weekly event. Additionally, security is tightly enforced in certain areas due to the city's security concerns.

Q & A

What is the historical significance of Lima's city center?

Lima's city center, established by Francisco Pizarro, is a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1988. It is home to many historically significant buildings, including the Government Palace, the Cathedral of Lima, and the Plaza Mayor.

What is the tradition of bullfighting in Lima?

Bullfighting remains a strong tradition in Lima, with events still being held in the city. Historically, bullfights were staged in the Plaza Mayor, a site where other public events like executions by the Spanish Inquisition also took place.

How is Lima affected by earthquakes?

Lima is prone to earthquakes, and the city has been shaken by several significant tremors throughout its history. The Cathedral of Lima, for instance, has withstood nine earthquakes, and the city prepares by having emergency supplies available in case of a disaster.

What measures do locals take to prepare for earthquakes?

Locals prepare for earthquakes by keeping emergency kits at home, which include items like food, water, and medical supplies. This helps ensure their safety during tremors or larger quakes, as Lima frequently experiences seismic activity.

What can you tell me about the Cathedral of Lima?

The Cathedral of Lima, built in 1535 by Francisco Pizarro, is a key historical landmark. It features a wood and stucco construction designed to reduce the impact of earthquakes. It also houses the tomb of Pizarro, though his remains were mistakenly identified in the past.

How did Francisco Pizarro contribute to Lima's architecture?

Francisco Pizarro is credited with commissioning the construction of major landmarks in Lima, including the Cathedral of Lima and other important colonial-era buildings that define the city's historic center.

What are the significance of the flags displayed in the city center?

The flags displayed in the city center represent both the historical and modern identities of Lima and Peru. The flag of Lima includes three golden crowns and initials associated with Spanish royalty, while the Peruvian flag stands alongside it as a symbol of the nation.

What is the role of the President in Lima's Government Palace?

The Government Palace, located in the city center, is the residence of the President of Peru. It is also a symbol of political power, and the president, currently Ollanta Humala, oversees the country's governance from here.

What is the significance of the changing of the guard ceremony?

The changing of the guard ceremony is a weekly tradition at the Government Palace, held on weekends. It symbolizes the security and authority of the government, with the ceremonial display featuring both mounted police and heavily armed security forces.

How does crime impact the safety of Lima’s historic center?

Lima's historic center faces challenges with crime, particularly in tourist areas. Visitors are advised to be cautious, especially when using taxis or in areas with higher levels of poverty. The government has increased police presence to ensure the safety of tourists and locals.