Reti Lan-#1.Definizione di rete Informatica (LAN , MAN , WAN ,GAN)

Summary

In this video, the creator introduces viewers to basic concepts of computer networking, focusing on LAN (Local Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), and WAN (Wide Area Network). The discussion covers the different types of networks based on their geographical scope, from home networks (LAN) to global systems like the internet (WAN). The video also explores network components such as routers, switches, and hubs, highlighting their roles and how they operate at different layers of the OSI model. It's an insightful overview aimed at beginners interested in understanding the fundamentals of computer networks.

Takeaways

• 😀 A network is an informational system composed of independent computers that exchange data through communication channels.
• 😀 A LAN (Local Area Network) is a network confined to a small area, like a home or building, with an extension of up to a few kilometers.
• 😀 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is a network that spans a city or region, extending over several kilometers.
• 😀 WAN (Wide Area Network) is a large-scale network that covers vast geographic areas, such as countries or continents, and includes the internet.
• 😀 The key difference between LAN and other network types (MAN, WAN) is that LANs are private and confined to smaller, localized areas.
• 😀 When data transmission crosses public land, the network must adhere to specific standards set by regulatory bodies (e.g., IEEE, ITU).
• 😀 Hardware and software both make up a network, with devices like computers, routers, and switches being key components.
• 😀 Network devices can be classified as 'end systems' (LAN systems) or 'intermediary systems' (like hubs, switches, and routers).
• 😀 End systems (LAN systems) interact with all 7 layers of the OSI model, while intermediary systems (like hubs) only interact with lower layers (e.g., layer 1 or 2).
• 😀 Switches and routers operate at higher levels of the OSI model: switches function at Layer 2 (MAC address level), and routers at Layer 3 (IP address level).
• 😀 A network’s infrastructure includes physical transmission media (such as copper cables or fiber optics) and the data that flows between connected devices.

Q & A

What is the basic definition of a network?

A network is an information system made up of one or more independent computers that exchange data through a communication channel, such as cables or wireless connections.

What are the four main types of networks based on their extension?

The four main types of networks based on their extension are LAN (Local Area Network), MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), and GAN (Global Area Network).

What is a LAN (Local Area Network)?

A LAN is a network that is confined to a small area such as a building, campus, or home. It can extend up to hundreds of meters and is typically private, without the need to follow public regulatory standards unless it crosses public land.

How does a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) differ from a LAN?

A MAN covers a larger geographic area, typically a city or region, and can span tens of kilometers. It is designed for metropolitan areas, unlike LANs, which are localized.

What is the purpose of a WAN (Wide Area Network)?

A WAN is designed to cover a large geographical area, such as multiple countries or even continents. It is used to connect local and metropolitan networks over long distances, with the most prominent example being the internet.

What does GAN stand for and what is its scope?

GAN stands for Global Area Network, and it refers to a network that covers the entire globe, typically using advanced transmission technologies like fiber optics to interconnect networks across vast distances.

What is the difference between private LAN networks and public networks like WAN and MAN?

Private LAN networks are internal, often within homes or businesses, and are not subject to public regulatory standards. In contrast, public networks like WAN and MAN require adherence to standards set by regulatory bodies, as they traverse public infrastructure.

What is a 'LAN system' and what role does it play in a network?

A LAN system is a terminal or device, such as a computer, within a local network. It is a source or recipient of data and is capable of using all seven layers of the OSI model for communication.

What is the function of an intermediate system in a network?

An intermediate system, such as an hub, switch, or router, facilitates data transmission between LAN systems by relaying data. These systems do not necessarily interpret the data but serve as pass-through devices for efficient routing.

How does an 'intermediary system' differ from a LAN system in terms of OSI layers?

A LAN system uses all seven layers of the OSI model, whereas intermediate systems like hubs, switches, and routers operate at specific layers. For example, a hub works at Layer 1 (Physical), a switch works at Layer 2 (Data Link), and a router works at Layer 3 (Network).

Why is it important for networks to adhere to specific transmission standards?

Adhering to transmission standards ensures compatibility, reliability, and efficient data exchange between devices, particularly in public networks like MANs, WANs, and GANs, where data travels over larger and more complex infrastructures.