PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ~ Video Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris

Summary

This video tutorial explains the Present Perfect tense in English, focusing on its usage, structure, and key adverbs. It covers two main functions: actions that began in the past and continue to the present, and life experiences. The video breaks down sentence structures (positive, negative, and question forms) and demonstrates how to use auxiliary verbs 'have' and 'has' depending on the subject. Examples are provided for each function, including how to incorporate 'for,' 'since,' 'ever,' and 'never.' Additionally, the video clarifies the difference between 'have been' and 'have gone,' ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the tense.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Present Perfect tense is used to describe actions that started in the past and continue into the present, or to talk about life experiences.
• 😀 To form a positive sentence in Present Perfect, use the structure: Subject + have/has + past participle (verb 3).
• 😀 Use 'have' with subjects like 'I, you, we, they,' and 'has' with subjects like 'he, she, it'.
• 😀 In negative sentences, add 'not' after the auxiliary verb: Subject + have/has + not + past participle.
• 😀 For questions, reverse the position of the auxiliary verb and the subject: Have/has + subject + past participle?
• 😀 'For' and 'since' are common time expressions used in Present Perfect: 'For' indicates duration, and 'since' indicates the starting point.
• 😀 Present Perfect can be used to express life experiences, often with time expressions like 'ever' or 'never'.
• 😀 When using 'ever' in questions, it refers to life experiences, but it's rarely used in positive sentences unless emphasizing.
• 😀 'Have been' indicates that someone has visited or been to a place and returned, while 'have gone' means the person has left and not yet returned.
• 😀 Don't confuse Present Perfect with Past Simple; Present Perfect relates to the present, while Past Simple refers to actions completed in the past.
• 😀 Common mistakes to avoid include confusing the forms of 'have' and 'has' based on subject-verb agreement and using the wrong tense for time markers like 'last year'.

Q & A

What is the present perfect tense used for?

The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that began in the past and continue to the present, as well as to express life experiences. For example, 'I have lived in Surabaya for 10 years.'

What is the difference between 'for' and 'since' in the present perfect tense?

'For' is used to indicate a duration of time (e.g., 'for 10 years'), while 'since' refers to the specific point in time when the action started (e.g., 'since 2015').

How do you form a positive sentence in the present perfect tense?

A positive sentence in the present perfect tense follows the structure: Subject + 'have/has' + verb in the third form (past participle). For example, 'I have read this book.'

How do you form a negative sentence in the present perfect tense?

A negative sentence in the present perfect tense follows the structure: Subject + 'have/has not' + verb in the third form. For example, 'I have not read this book.'

What is the structure of a question in the present perfect tense?

In a question, the structure is: 'Have/Has' + subject + verb in the third form? For example, 'Have you read this book?'

When do we use the word 'ever' in the present perfect tense?

'Ever' is used in questions to inquire about someone's experiences. For example, 'Have you ever been to Bali?'

What is the use of 'never' in the present perfect tense?

'Never' is used in negative sentences to indicate that something has not happened at any point in time. For example, 'I have never seen that movie.'

What is the difference between 'been' and 'gone' in the present perfect tense?

'Been' indicates that the person has completed the action and returned to their original place. For example, 'I have been to Tokyo.' 'Gone' means the person has gone to a place but has not returned yet. For example, 'She has gone to Tokyo.'

How would you convert the sentence 'I have read this book' into a negative sentence?

The negative form of the sentence would be 'I have not read this book.' You can also use the contraction 'haven't' to shorten it: 'I haven't read this book.'

Can we use the present perfect tense with 'last year'?

'Last year' refers to a specific time in the past, so we use the simple past tense instead of the present perfect. For example, 'I worked there last year,' not 'I have worked there last year.'